Primary signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma of the bladder-A case report and review of literature.

Cases of adenocarcinoma of the bladder are extremely low - 2%, respectively. Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) of the bladder accounts for 0.12-0.6% among the different histological subtypes of bladder carcinomas. We present a rare case of SRСС with clinical manifestations of hematuria (two times) treated with transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB). Primary ring cell carcinoma of the bladder is an extremely rare and aggressive tumor. In this case, presented by us, probably due to early diagnosis and radical resection, the prognosis is encouraging.

Malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva – successful surgical excision of the primary tumor and reconstruction by conjunctival auto transplantation from the contralateral eye.

Malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva is a rare tumor with incidence of 0.5 cases/year per million population. It may also occur as de novo, as on the basis of preexisting melanocytic lesions (nevus or freckle) or most often from the so-called primary acquired melanosis of the conjuctiva (PAM). It metastasizes mainly lymphogenic and hematogenous. The size of the primary tumor lesion, histopathological findings and absolute tumor thickness are essential for unfavorable prognosis. Conjunctival auto transplantation from the other eye is modern and innovative, but also a seldomly feasible method of reconstruction after conjunctival excision of tumors in this area. We present a rare case of a 75-year-old patient with epithelioid cell malignant melanoma of the bulbar conjunctiva of the right eye, which de novo occurred, successfully treated by excision of the primary tumor and subsequent reconstruction by conjunctival auto transplant from the other eye. A very good therapeutic and aesthetic result was achieved.

[Single umbilical artery (SUA)].

Single umbilical artery (SUA) is the most common abnormality of the umbilical cord. It is associated with an increased incidence of atresia of hollow organs, renal abnormalities, limb reduction defects and spontaneous abortions. The aim of our study is to establish the association of SUA with types of malformations and the corresponding pathology of pregnancy and parturition. Although our investigation is in proof of the association of SUA with anomalies of GIT, CCS and CNS, most of our cases exhibit circulatory disturbances leading to pathology of pregnancy and delivery.

[Meconiophages and fetal hypoxia].

Meconium may normally be passed by term fetuses during labour. Common after 40 weeks and not a sign of fetal distress Before 40 weeks can implicate fetal distress If occurring in preterm fetuses or if present prior to labour, it may be considered a possible indication of fetal distress. Histopathology may estimate the duration of meconium passage. Macrophages containing meconium are present at the chorionic surface or deeper portions of the membrane and can be easily identified not only on routine hematoxylin-eosin staining but also with the help of immunohistochemistry.

[Operative treatment and remote results in patients with bronchoalveolar lung cancer].

UNLABELLED: Bronchoalveolar pulmonary carcinoma (BAC) is a type of adenocarcinoma with an increasing frequency. Because BAC rarely metastasize outside the thorax, the postoperative results are good. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We present 28 patients with BAC, operated in the clinic for a period of 7 years--12 patients with an infiltrative form of BAC, 16 patients with nodular form RESULTS: 12 patients underwent lobectomy, 15 patients--pneumonectomy, and 1 patient--bilobectomy. The 5-years-survival rate is 50%. CONCLUSIONS: We found a better 5-years survival rate for the patients with BAC in comparison with the other histological types of non-small cell pulmonary carcinoma

[Incidence and structure of pediatric pathology according to autopsy files at the University Hospital "St. George" Plovdiv, Bulgaria during 1985-2001].

The present study is aiming at sharing our problems and experience with pediatric autopsy cases. The incidence of pediatric cases as part of total autopsy activity is estimated. Criteria such as coincidence between pediatricians' and final pathological diagnosis are considered. The research is retrospective and it is made for the period from 1985 to 2001. It includes review of 5663 autopsy files from which only pediatric cases were extracted, divided into separate age groups. Main disease, causes of death and complications are recorded for each separate age group. The first two age groups constitute the major part of pediatric mortality with the substantial participation of the neonate group--771 cases, followed by the second period (30 days-1 year)--563 cases. They show a similar rate of causes of death and hemorrhagic complications prevail either as isolated or in the context of DIC-syndrome. The vast majority of pediatric cases belong to neonatal period and the first year of life. A rapid decline in autopsy rates is observed concerning early school age (5-7) and the teenager group (7-11 yrs). In the era of a definite autopsy rate decline, Bulgarian pathologists meet with fewer pediatric cases.

[A case of pulmonary blastoma--a case report and review of the literature].

Pulmonary blastoma is a rare malignant tumor of the lungs, with a frequency of 0.25-0.5% of all primary malignant lung tumors. We present a case of 42-year old man with biphasic pulmonary blastoma The authors discussed the clinical features, laboratory findings, radiologic and CT features, the operative treatment and the pathologic diagnosis.