[INSTRUMENTAL CRITERIA OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF THE ASCENDING AORTA ANEURISM IN PATIENTS OF DIFFERENT AGE].

Criteria of differential diagnosis for the aortal aneurysm etiological factor, especially in patients of a young age, are studied insufficiently. Peculiarities of cardio­vascular remodeling in patients of different age, in whom the ascending aorta aneurysm was diagnosed, were studied with the objective to search for criteria of differential diagnosis of the aneurysm etiological factor. Echocardiography constitute the main method of the ascending aorta aneurysm diagnosis. There was established, that changes in the cardio­vascular remodeling indices in patients are caused not by cardiac pathology only, but by their age as well. The aortal bulb dilation is frequently caused by dysplasia of connective tissue and dilation of the ascending aorta distal part ­ predominantly by atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension. Enhancement of the ascending aorta/aortal bulb coefficient (aortal bulb diameter/ascending aorta diameter) more, than 1.11 have had witnessed, as a rule, the connective tissue origin of the ascending aorta aneurysm; the coefficient lowering down from 0.88 ­ about atherosclerotic and/or hypertensive genesis of aneurysm

[GOUT AND HYPERTENSION].

Gout is the most common rheumatic disease in the adult population. Hypertension is one of the most common comorbidities of gout. The combination of hypertension with metabolic abnormalities is the great importance. In patients with hypertension the high uric acid is an independent predictor of increased risk of cardiovascular events (including fatal cardiac events), and overall mortality. The review considers the pathogenic mechanisms by which uric acid participate in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, and the analysis of antihypertensive therapy in patients with gout.

[OSTEOPOROSIS IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN].

Osteoporosis (OP) is a major public health concern that affects millions of women around the world. For many years, OP are among the most common diseases occurring inthe elderly. However, certain parts in the age structure of the disease are persons younger. The rising prevalence of OP is huge damage to human health due to an increase in morbidity and mortality associated with fractures. In this article are discussed OP risk factors, the most frequently detected in young women, knowledge of which will enable patients and training activities on preventing the development of OP.

[Neurohumoral changes in patients with mild and moderate forms of hypertension under the influence of losartan]. / Neirogumoral'nye izmeneniia u bol'nykh s miagkoi i umerennoi formami gipertonicheskoi bolezni pod vliianiem lozartana.

The article presents data on effects of losartan (Cozaar of the Merck-Sharp-Dohme firm, USA) on neurohumoral indices in patients with mild to moderate forms of hypertension. Apart from optimum hypotensive effect and modulating influence on morphofunctional parameters of the heart losartan was found to be endowed with a broad spectrum of neurohumoral effects (reduction in the ejection of catecholamines, natriuretic hormone, stabilization of indices for the renin-angiotensin system etc.). Moreover, the given drug preparation does not have appreciable effect on the activity of the kallikrein-kinin system, by which property it differs favourably from angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

[The effect of diltiazem on neurohumoral regulatory mechanisms in stenocardia patients]. / Vliianie diltiazema na neirogumoral'nye mekhanizmy reguliatsii u bol'nykh stenokardiei.

Effects were studied of diltiazem on parameters characterizing cardiohemodynamics, peripheral bloodflow, condition of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANUP), of cyclic nucleotides (cGMP), the renin-angiotensin system in patients with various manifestations of stenocardia. An inhibitory action of diltiazem on ANUP and cGMP secretion in a VEM-test was recordable but changes were not significant at the height of the drug action in rest. Improvement in myocardial contractility after the course treatment with the drug was accompanied by reduction in blood plasma levels of ANUP and cGMP. It is suggested that changes in ANUP concentration might be traced to improvement in the anginal course and to the drug effects such as lowering of myocardial oxygen demand, of pre- and afterload, improvement in the indices for myocardial contractility.