Estrategia de capacitación para el desarrollo de competencias en el manejo de proyectos científicos / Training trategy for the development of competence in the management of scientific projects

El sistema Ciencia e Innovación Tecnológica (SCeIT) requiere de un continuo proceso de perfeccionamiento que permita obtener un nivel de salud con la calidad adecuada. De acuerdo con las dificultades existentes en la esfera de la investigación científica en el territorio se diseñó una investigación descriptiva transversal con los objetivos de caracterizar y cuantificar el personal profesional involucrado en la actividad de educación post graduada vinculados a la actividad de investigación científica, así como a los dirigentes de salud de la provincia responsabilizados con la conducción y control de la actividad en la unidades del sistema de salud, para lo cual se impartió un curso de post grado provincial (en dos ediciones). Se describieron los resultados obtenidos con la propuesta de capacitación, mediante las tablas de distribución de frecuencias absolutas y relativas, además de ofrecer un material de apoyo a la docencia con los contenidos de los temas impartidos en los cursos planteados y evaluar el grado de categorización docente y la satisfacción obtenida en el personal capacitado. Los resultados demostraron una amplia participación de los profesionales en los proyectos de investigación con un 76,3 por ciento(AU)

The System of Science and Technological Innovation (SCTI) requires a continuous process of improvement that allows to obtain a level of health with the appropriate quality. According to the existing difficulties in the sphere of scientific research in the territory, a cross-sectional descriptive research was designed with the objectives of characterizing and quantifying the professional personnel involved in post graduate education activity linked to the activity of scientific research, as well as to health leaders of the province responsible of conducting and controlling the activity in units of the health system.To this aim, a provincial postgraduate course was taught (in two editions). The results obtained were described with the training proposal, by means of distribution charts of absolute and relative frequencies, besides offering a supporting material for teaching with the contents of the topics taught in the courses designed and to evaluate the degree of teaching categorization and the satisfaction obtained in the personnel trained. The results demonstrated a great participation of professionals in research projects with a 76,3%, and a prevalence of the teaching rank of Instructor with a 56,6%. The completions of the courses allowed: to elevate the number of projects presented and to increase the number of polyclinics with an extension of the System of Science and Technological Innovation, also to diversify the courses taught at provincial, municipal and institutional levels. Most of the participants in the courses showed a high level of satisfaction with the proposal of training taught(AU)

La evaluación terapéutica de las nuevas técnicas quirúrgicas: un tema escabroso en la investigación clínica / In surgery, new techniques emerge and with them the need for evaluation. After these techniques are introduced they are theoretically subjected to the rigor of the ECAC. However, their basic methodology seems to be hindered by the intrinsic characteristics of these procedures. The fact that there is no methodological guide for its planning makes uncommon its surgical use. With the objective of identifying in literature the methodological procedures that are used to evaluate new surgical techniques, a descriptive study was made by reviewing articles published in leading international journals, with a questionnaire made up of methodological elements being made and adopting as an answer: Yes, when it is described in detail in the corresponding space inside the article and Not otherwise. The distribution of absolute and relative frequencies of each category was obtained. The description of inclusion and exclusion criteria is developed satisfactorily. The description of surgical techniques used, the reference to the expertise of the participant surgeons, as well as the use of placebo techniques and the statistical processing are managed with many difficulties. The concern for this problem is accompanied by the recognition of several difficulties. It is stated that according to the canons of a safe clinical practice, the need of randomizing, blinding and measuring the surgeon's expertise are indispensable to ensure the appropriate evaluation of a techniques effectiveness. Probably, the reason why surgery has introduced techniques experimentally lies in the insufficient preparation of controlling agencies, therefore we recommend that special attention should be paid to the fulfilment of these regulations to introduce new surgical procedures

En cirugía, surgen técnicas novedosas y con ellas la necesidad de evaluación, teóricamente sometiéndose al rigor de los ECAC previa introducción. Sin embargo la metodología básica de estos parece tropezarse con características intrínsecas de estos procedimientos. La no existencia de una guía metodológica para su planificación hace que su utilización no sea común entre los cirujanos. Con el objetivo de identificar en la literatura los procedimientos metodológicos que son utilizados para evaluar nuevas técnicas quirúrgicas se realizó un estudio descriptivo, a través de artículos publicados en revistas internacionales de punta, confeccionándose un cuestionario conformado por elementos metodológicos adoptándose como respuesta: Sí, cuando se describe detalladamente en el espacio correspondiente dentro del artículo y No en caso contrario. Obteniéndose la distribución de frecuencias absolutas y relativas de cada categoría. La descripción de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se desarrolla satisfactoriamente, la descripción de las técnicas quirúrgicas empleadas, la referencia a la destreza de los cirujanos participantes, así como el uso de técnicas placebo y el procesamiento estadístico son manejados con muchas dificultades. La preocupación por este problema se acompaña del reconocimiento de varias dificultades. Se plantea según los cánones de las buenas practicas clínicas la necesidad de aleatorización, cegamiento y de la medición de la destreza del cirujano son imprescindibles para garantizar la adecuada evaluación de la efectividad de la técnica. Probablemente la causa de que la cirugía haya introducido técnicas tentativamente radica en la insuficiente preparación de las agencias controladoras, por lo que recomendamos prestar especial atención al cumplimiento de estas regulaciones para la introducción de nuevos procedimientos quirúrgicos(AU)

In surgery, new techniques emerge and with them the need for evaluation. After these techniques are introduced they are theoretically subjected to the rigor of the ECAC. However, their basic methodology seems to be hindered by the intrinsic characteristics of these procedures. The fact that there is no methodological guide for its planning makes uncommon its surgical use. With the objective of identifying in literature the methodological procedures that are used to evaluate new surgical techniques, a descriptive study was made by reviewing articles published in leading international journals, with a questionnaire made up of methodological elements being made and adopting as an answer: Yes, when it is described in detail in the corresponding space inside the article and Not otherwise. The distribution of absolute and relative frequencies of each category was obtained. The description of inclusion and exclusion criteria is developed satisfactorily. The description of surgical techniques used, the reference to the expertise of the participant surgeons, as well as the use of placebo techniques and the statistical processing are managed with many difficulties. The concern for this problem is accompanied by the recognition of several difficulties. It is stated that according to the canons of a safe clinical practice, the need of randomizing, blinding and measuring the surgeon's expertise are indispensable to ensure the appropriate evaluation of a techniques effectiveness. Probably, the reason why surgery has introduced techniques experimentally lies in the insufficient preparation of controlling agencies, therefore we recommend that special attention should be paid to the fulfilment of these regulations to introduce new surgical procedures(AU)