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Objective To compare the incidence of intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis between patients with different degrees of dysglycemia,and investigate early curative methods of diabetes-related stenosis.Methods One hundred and thirty two consecutive pre-diabetes patients,268 diabetes and 235 healthy controls,collected in our hospital from December 2011 to November 2012,were enrolled; and risk factors,including blood fat,fasting glucose,2-h glucose and fasting insulin,were recruited and analyzed; neck vascular color Doppler and transcranial vascular color Doppler ultrasounds were performed on these patients and compared the incidences of intracranial and extracranial stenoses,single-and multi-branches,and anterior and posterior circulation vascular stenoses among three groups.Results The incidences of intracranial and extracranial stenoses in the control,pre-diabetes and diabetes groups were 5.5％ (13/235),7.6％ (10/132) and 22.4％ (60/268),respectively,with statistical differences (x2=35.738,P=0.000); the incidences of extracranial stenosis,intracranial stenosis,and intracranial and extracranial stenoses in control,pre-diabetes and diabetes groups increased with significant difference (P＜0.05); the incidence of intracranial stenosis of all groups were higher than that of extracranial stenosis.The incidence of multi-branches stenosis in the dysglycemia group were higher than that in the control group with statistical difference (P＜0.05).The incidence of multi-branches stenosis was higher than that of single-branch stenosis in the dysglycemia group.The incidence of anterior circulation stenosis in control,pre-diabetes and diabetes groups increased with significant difference (P＜0.05).Conclusions Dysglycemia related atherosclerotic stenosis maybe stemmed from early stage ofpre-diabetes,and early measurement and administration ofatherosclerotic stenosis should be taken from the early stage.
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Objective To study the prevalence and grade of cerebral microbleeds (CMB) among patients with different subtypes of acute ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, and investigate the clinical significance of CMB.Methods Consecutive 259 patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, admitted to our hospitals from September 2009 to July 2010, were included; according to the stroke subtypes, these patients were classified into groups of atherothrombotic infarction (n=146),cardioembolic infarction (n=28), small artery infarction (n=50), infarction of unknown origin (n=19) and transient ischemia attack (TIA, n=16). The patients without cerebral vascular diseases were served as controls (n=96). The baseline data were registered and all patients were performed gradient echo-T2*weighted imaging (GRE-T2*WI); the prevalence and grade of CMB between each 2 different subtypes of acute ischemic cerebrovascular diseases were compared; the prevalence of CMB in patients with acute ischemic infarction for the first time and patients with recurrent cerebral infarction was compared.Results The prevalence and grade of CMB between each 2 different infarction subtypes varied with a statistical difference (P＜0.05). Apart from that of TIA group, the prevalence of all infarction groups was statistically higher than that of the controls (P＜0.05) with small artery infarction group being the highest (68.0%). The prevalence of CMB in patients with recurrent infarction was statistically higher than that in patients with primary infarction (P＜0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of CMB among different subtypes of infarction is high with the subtype of small artery infarction enjoying the highest rate; the prevalence of CMB in recurrent infarction goes higher as compared with that in primary infarction; the relapse of the cerebral infarction is possiblely related to the presence of CBMs.
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Objective To investigate the clinical features of post-epileptic dysfunction. Methods The clinical data of 7 patients with special syndromes of post-epileptic dysfunction were retrospectively analyzed and related literatures were reviewed. Results Six patients with post-epileptic dysfunction experienced status epilepticus and 5 patients had brain structural lesions among these 7 patients. Post-epileptic dysfunction had different syndromes, including post-epileptic paralysis, post-epileptic aphasia, cognitive disorder, gaze palsy and hemianopsia. The duration of dysfunction could last for 3 months. Conclusion The great majority of patients with post-epileptic dysfunction experience status epilepticus and have brain structural lesions. Post-epileptic dysfunction includes various different syndromes and can last from several days to 3 months with good prognosis.
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@#ObjectiveTo investigate and compare the behavioral changes, neuron loss of hippocampus and mossy fiber sprouting between pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) model and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling model in rats.MethodsAfter two different epilepsy models were made, Vedio was adopted to observe the behavioral changes. Nissl staining and Neo-timms' staining were separately used to observe and compare the neuron loss of hippocampus and mossy fiber sprouting in the dentate gyrus (DG) at different time points during epileptogenisis.ResultsNo recurrent spontaneous seizure, no neuron loss and no mossy fiber sprouting were found in PTZ kindling model; whereas obvious neuron loss was found in CA1, CA3 of hippocampus and hilus of DG, and mossy fiber sprouting were found in pilocarpine model in parallel with recurrent spontaneous seizures. ConclusionPTZ kindling model resembles absence epilepsy in human, while pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus model resembles chronic temporal epilepsy in human. Neuron loss and mossy fiber sprouting may play an important role in epileptogenisis. Pilocarpine-induced epilepsy model can be regarded as an ideal chronic temporal epilepsy model.
