[Cloverleaf skull associated with generalized bone defects close to asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia]. / Crâne en trèfle associé à une atteinte généralisée du squelette proche de la dysplasie thoracique asphyxiante.

The association of cloverleaf skull and micromelia is reputed. X-ray images of the skull are typical; those of the skeleton are compatible with the thoracic dysplasia reported by Jeune, or with chondro-ectodermic dysplasia: short ribs, horizontal roof of the acetabulum with a rounded median prominence and lateral spurs, deformed long bones with broad metaphyses, absent ossification of the terminal phalanges. The mode of inheritance of the syndrome is probably autosomal recessive. The association reported is undescribed until now, although cloverleaf skull can be associated with other bone deformities. Most often the latter are thanatophoric dwarfism or a syndrome including ankylosis of the elbow joints, occasionally of the knees, club-foot, syndactyly and absent phalanges.

[Consanguinity and public health. Algerian study]. / Consanguinité et santé publique. Etude algérienne.

The frequency of consanguinity in Algeria and its impact on the national health were computed through several studies: demographic inquiries (national census) and inquiries in local hospitals, either in maternity services, where congenital malformations were recorded, or in pediatric services, consisting of hospitalized children or children seen in general or specialized consultation. The results demonstrated that consanguinity is very frequent (22 to 25%) predominantly "first cousin marriages". It has adverse consequences on infant mortality, with unexpected polymalformations or neural tube malformations, hematologic diseases, juvenile diabetes and recessively inherited diseases (neurological diseases were not studied here). The social causes of such a high incidence of consanguinity in Algeria are discussed. Measures to put into action in order to rapidly change the customs of the country are suggested.

[Visceral leishmaniasis in Algeria (author's transl)]. / La leishmaniose viscérale en Algérie.

A clinical description of visceral leishmaniasis often observed in algerian children; the biological data and the question of diagnosis are studied and the author's experience of treatment and prophylaxis is given.