Anti-malarial and Multi-bioactive Co (II), Cu (II) and Ni (II) Salen Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Computational Studies.

Herein, we report anti-malarial, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of theN2O2 donor tetradentate salen ligand and its CoL, NiL, and CuL metal complexes. All the compoundswere synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic analytical methods.Thein-vitro antimalarial investigations revealed that the complex CuL exhibited equipotency with quinine drug having IC50 value 0.25 µg/mL.The compound L shows significant inhibition of bacterial spp.viz.E. Coli, P. Aeruginosa, and S. Aureus (MIC=12.5-50µg/mL), while the compound CoL (MIC=12.5µg/mL) exhibited potency against gram-positive bacteria. In the in-vitro anti-inflammatory study, the compound CuL has moderate activity than other tested compounds. The compound CuL showedthe highest anti-malarial docking score with enzyme pLDH at -8.12 Kcal/mol. The DFT study also gives authentication of higher antimalarial activity of CuL due to high dipole moment. None of the potent compound was found cytotoxic towards verocell lines.

Insect growth regulatory activity of carvacrol-based 1,3,4-thiadiazoles and 1,3,4-oxadiazoles.

In designing of novel insect growth regulators (IGRs), biologically occurring carvacrol has been structurally modified to thiadiazole and oxadiazole moieties. Two series of carvacrol analogs containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole (VIIIa-e) and 1,3,4-oxadiazole (IXa-e) derivatives are designed and synthesized. Their structures are confirmed by FT-IR, [Formula: see text] NMR, [Formula: see text]C NMR and LC-MS. IGR activity is tested against Spodoptera litura. Several analogs displayed IGR activity against this insect pest. Compounds VIIIe and IXe displayed relatively good IGR activity with [Formula: see text]values 117.43 and 108.83 ppm against Spodoptera litura, respectively. Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of carvacrol-based 1,3,4-thiadiazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as potent insect growth regulators (IGRs).

Perspectives on medicinal properties of natural phenolic monoterpenoids and their hybrids.

Carvacrol, thymol and eugenol belong to a class of naturally presenting phenols with a ten-carbon unit, which are present in essential oils of many plants. These versatile molecules are incorporated as useful ingredients in many food products and find applications in agricultural, pharmaceutical, fragrance, cosmetic, flavor and other industries. They are wide ranging of biological and pharmaceutical activities: anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, analgesic, anticancer and antioxidant. This review summarizes pharmacological and medicinal activities of these phytochemicals and their synthetic hybrids.

Bis(2-hydroxy-3-isopropyl-6-methyl-benzaldehyde)ethylenediamine: a novel cation sensor.

Novel substituted phenol-based new symmetrical bis(2-hydroxy-3-isopropyl-6-methyl-benzaldehyde)ethylenediamine (1) has been designed and synthesized. The compound 1 fluorometrically recognized Cu(2+) ion in CH3OH/H2O (90:10, v/v) by exhibiting an increase in emission upon complexation. In addition, Cu(2+) gave rise to a change in colour of the solution of compound 1, which was clearly visible to the naked eye under UV irradiation. The association constant (K) of compound 1 with Cu(2+) ion was computed with the Benesi-Hildebrand plot and Scatchard plot at 43,000 M(-1) and 43,011 M(-1) respectively.

Hybrid molecules of carvacrol and benzoyl urea/thiourea with potential applications in agriculture and medicine.

Benzoyl phenyl urea, a class of insect growth regulator's acts by inhibiting chitin synthesis. Carvacrol, a naturally occurring monoterpenoid is an effective antifungal agent. We have structurally modified carvacrol (2-methyl-5-[1-methylethyl] phenol) by introducing benzoylphenyl urea linkage. Two series of benzoylcarvacryl thiourea (BCTU, 4a-f) and benzoylcarvacryl urea (BCU, 5a-f) derivatives were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, (1)H and (13)C NMR and Mass spectroscopy. Derivatives 4b, 4d, 4e, 4f and 5d, 5f showed comparable insecticidal activity with the standard BPU lufenuron against Dysdercus koenigii. BCTU derivatives 4c, 4e and BCU 5c showed good antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi viz. Magnaporthe grisae, Fusarium oxysporum, Dreschlera oryzae; food spoilage yeasts viz. Debaromyces hansenii, Pichia membranifaciens; and human pathogens viz. Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. Compounds 5d, 5e and 5f showed potent activity against human pathogens. Moderate and selective activity was observed for other compounds. All the synthesized compounds were non-haemolytic. These compounds have potential application in agriculture and medicine.

Design and development of novel insect growth regulators: synthesis, characterization and effect of benzoyl thymyl thioureas and ureas on total haemocyte count of Dysdercus koenigii.

Insect-growth regulators (IGRs) have been receiving foremost attention as potential means of selective insect control. Benzoyl phenyl urea (BPU) is a well-known IGR having chitin synthesis inhibitor activity. Mimics of BPU have been synthesized by suitable derivatization of a naturally occurring monoterpenoid, thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methyl phenol) to form a = series of substituted benzoyl thymyl thioureas (BTTUs) [IVa-f] and benzoyl thymyl ureas (BTUs) [Va-f]. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by (1)H and (13)C NMR, LC-MS and elemental analysis. These derivatives have been screened for their effect on total haemocyte count of Dysdercus koenigii. It has been observed that the introduction of substituted benzoyl thiourea and urea linkage into a thymol ring via an amino group results in higher activity than the parent compound thymol and a comparable pattern of results with the standard insect-growth regulators, Penfluron. Urea [Va-f] compounds exhibited greater effect on Total Haemocyte Count (THC) than thiourea [IVa-f]. Fluoro substitution enhanced the effect on THC more than chloro substituted compounds, while ortho-substitution resulted in a better effect than para-substitution. The results described in this paper are promising and provide new array of synthetic chemicals that may be utilized as insect growth regulators.

2-{[{2-Hy-droxy-3-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phen-oxy]prop-yl}(pyridin-2-ylmeth-yl)amino]-meth-yl}phenol.

In the title racemic compound, C(26)H(32)N(2)O(3), an intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond is formed between the phenolic OH group and the tertiary amine N atom. Another O-H⋯N hydrogen bond that is formed between the OH group and the pyridine N atom links the mol-ecules into a polymeric chain extending along the a axis. The structure is further stabilized by intramolecular and intermolecular C-H⋯O interactions.

(Z)-2-(2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-phen-oxy)-N'-(2-oxoindolin-3-yl-idene)acetohydrazide.

In the title Mannich base, C(20)H(21)N(3)O(3), an isatin derivative of thymol, the O-CH(2)-C(=O)-N(H)-N fragment connect-ing the aromatic and fused-ring systems is approximately planar, with the N-N single bond in a Z configuration. The amino H atom of this N-N fragment is intra-molecularly hydrogen bonded to the carbonyl O atom of the indolinone fused ring as well as to the phen-oxy O atom of the aromatic ring. The amino H atom of the indoline fused ring forms a hydrogen bond with the double-bond O atom of an adjacent mol-ecule, this hydrogen bond giving rise to a linear chain motif.