[Role of helminth antigens in the abnormal mitosis of bone marrow cells in laboratory animals].

The intraabdominal administration of somatic extracts of the cestodes Hydatigera taeniaformis Batsch 1786, Lamarck, 1816 and Diphyllobothrium latum Linnaeus, 1758 and the nematodes Anisakis simplex larva Rudolphi 1809, Toxocara canis Railliet et Henry, 1912 in albino mice proved that these helminths had a karyopathic effect on the bone marrow cells of the animals. The antigenic composition of these extracts was investigated using the agar gel immunodiffusion test. The antigenic composition of the parasites was ascertained to affect their karyopathic properties. The amount of antigens and their foreignness caused a marked karyopathic effect on the bone marrow cells of laboratory animals during intraabdominal administration.

[Design of a recombinant antigen for the diagnosis and prevention of larval hydatidosis].

The paper deals with the design of recombinant vector make-ups, with the expression of Echinococcus hybrid proteins, and with the study of their immunogenic properties. Theoretical rationale is given for the choice of the parasitic gene superexpression system (E. coli cells of SG 13009 strain--recombinant plasmid pQE/EgF). The authors show that the use ofpolymerase chain reaction with oligonucleotide primers homologous to the structures of unique genes coding for Echinococcus antigen is promising for the run of the preparative quantities of fragments of these genes. They consider the basic stages of obtaining hybrid EgF antigen: the isolation of genomic DNA from Echinococcus protoscolexes; the run of preparative quantities of an EgF DNA fragment; the obtaining of vector pQE plasmid DNA; the design of a recombinant make-up; the screening of positive clones; the recombinant plasmid expression of hybrid protein and its purification. The commission tests of EgF antigen in enzyme immunoassay using 93 human serum samples revealed the following: the sensitivity and specificity were 83.8 and 77.4%, respectively. The recombinant protein of EgF was found to exert a significant protective action on the development of E. multilocularis larvocysts in non-inbred albino mice.

[Echinococcus granulosus genotyping by PCR-RFLP]. / Primenenie metoda otsenki polimorfizma dlin restriktsionnykh fragmentov produktov polimeraznoi tsepnoi reaktsii (PTSP-PDPF) dlia genomnogo tipirovaniia Echinococcus granulosus.

A method to assess the length polymorphism of restriction fragments of polymerase chain reaction (PCR-LPRF) has been developed and used for the genomic typing of E. granulosus. A scheme optimal under our conditions has been chosen for analysis. To test the chosen scheme, 10 E. granulosus samples from our collection made in Russia and Kazakhstan were examined. The material was obtained from 5 sheep, 1 dog, 2 cows, and 1 man. The E. granulosus genotypes detected in Russia and Kazakhstan do not differ from those described earlier.

[Laboratory diagnosis of toxoplasmosis using polymerase chain reaction]. / Razrabotka laboratornoi diagnostiki toksoplazmoza s momoshch'iu polimeraznoi tsepnoi reaktsii.

Polymorphism of clinical manifestations in Toxoplasma infection and variegated disease patterns virtually rule out the diagnosis based solely on clinical symptoms, which makes modern laboratory tests particularly important. Amplification test system based on the polymerase chain reaction has been developed for the diagnosis of Toxoplasma infection. Computer analysis of nucleotide sequence of Toxoplasma gondii surface antigen gene P30 was analyzed, which helped choose and synthesize specific oligonucleotide primers. A method for biological material processing was selected, allowing sufficient DNA output. Optimal conditions for amplification reaction, ensuring absolute specificity and high (10-100 cells/sample) sensitivity, were determined.

[Use of polymerase chain reaction for identifying helminth DNA from the species Trichinella, Fasciola, Echinococcus, Nematodirus, Taenia]. / Ispol'zovanie polimeraznoi tsepnoi reaktsii dlia identifikatsii DNK gel'mintov iz rodov trichinella, fasciola, echinococcus, nematodirus, taenia.

We have used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method to identify DNA polymorphism in three classes of helminths, Cestoda, Nematoda and Trematoda. In this study, RAPD markers have been used for a description of the genetic variability between the families, genera, species and isolates of helminths. We optimized the conditions of the RAPD analysis and revealed the genetic variability of helminths belonging to different taxonomic groups. These results show that the RAPD-PCR method can be considered as a suitable technic for a phylogenetic study of helminths. The problem of an age variability and most specificity of RAPDs markers is discussed.

[Phasic changes in the functional activity of alpha2- and beta2- subtypes of platelet adrenergic receptors--objective criteria of adrenoreactive imbalance in the evaluation of severity of nephropathies in pregnancy]. / Fazovye perestroiki funktsional'noi aktivnosti alpha2- i beta2- subtipov adrenoretseptorov trombotsitov--ob''ektivnyi kriterii adrenoreaktivnogo disbalansa v otsenke nefropatii beremennykh.

The pregnant suffering from nephropathies were found to have autonomic nervous control disorders closely related to the major platelet vascular and plasma hemostatic, hemodynamic, and microcirculatory parameters. A combined examination of the macro- and ++micro-hemodynamics and status of adrenoreactive structures assessed the adaptation of a pregnant to nephropathy and her reserve potentialities. Adrenoreactive structure derangement is a measure of the severity of nephropathy. Abnormalities along the whole vasculature are characteristic of dysadaptation.

[Gonadotropic and sex hormones in women with systemic lupus erythematosus]. / Issledovanie gonadotropnykh i polovykh gormonov u zhenshchin s sistemnoi krasnoi volchankoi.

The authors studied gonadotropic and sex hormones of the blood as well as estrogens and hestagens in 100 women (70--with systemic lupus erythematosus and 30 healthy subjects). A decrease in the level of folliculostimulating hormone has been observed. Hyperestrogenic nature of the hormonal balance was diagnosed in patients with the newly developed systemic lupus erythematosus. The degree of the hormonal balance changes was connected with markedness of autoimmune process.

[Mitochondrial respiratory activity of the trematode Fasciola hepatica]. / Dykhatel'naia aktivnost' mitokhondrii trematody Fasciola hepatica.

Polarographic studies have been made on the respiratory activity of isolated mitochondria of the trematode F. hepatica. Respiratory chain transferring electrons to oxygen and which is sensitive to cyanide was found in the mitochondria. Certain coupling between respiration and phosphorylation was observed. Intact mitochondria of the trematode exhibit the respiratory control although its level is significantly lower than that in the mitochondria from rat liver. The existence of an alternative respiratory chain was demonstrated in which electron transport is not associated with ATP synthesis.

[Hormone and lipid interrelations in young women with normal and disturbed balance of sex steroids]. / Gormonal'no-lipidnye vzaimootnosheniia u molodnykh zhenshchin s normal'nym i narushennym balansom polovykh steroidov.

Altogether 121 patients with sclerocystic ovaries and 40 normal women aged 16 to 35 years were examined for excretion of estrogens, androgens and pregnandiol with urine and for the blood content of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) followed by hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) phenotyping. In the group of normal women, low production of estrogens and pregnandiol was coupled with a reduction in the content of HDLC and an increase in that of TG. In the patients, no relationship was established between the changes in the concentration of estrogens and pregnandiol and the lipid content. Meanwhile the androgen content, which was higher as compared with that in the normal women, correlated with the rise of the TG and TC level, accompanied by a noticeable subsidence of the HDLC level. As compared with the normal persons, the atherogenic types of HLP in the patients occurred 2.2 times as frequently. The data obtained indicate an important role of the primary imbalance of sex steroids in the development of dyslipoproteinemia in young women.

[Cardiovascular disorders, autonomic disorders and atherogenic dyslipoproteinemias in young women with the sclerotic ovary syndrome]. / Serdechno-sosudistye rasstroistva, vegetativnye narusheniia i aterogennye dislipoproteidemii u molodykh zhenshchin s sindromom sklerokistoznykh iaichnikov.

The authors studied 158 young women with the syndrome of sclerocystic ovaries (SCO) and 40 healthy subjects. The patients showed a high rate of vegetovascular dystonia, predominantly according to the hyperparasympathicotonic type, cardialgia and dyspnea. In 54.5% of the patients lipid metabolism disturbances of the atherogenic nature were elicited, being most pronounced in the hypothalamic-pituitary form of the disease. It is postulated that in cases of the SCO syndrome, the deficit of estrogens and pregnanediol decreases "immunity" of females to the development of atherogenic dyslipoproteinemias while a relative or absolute hyperandrogenia accounts for the transformation of the "female" type of the lipid spectrum into the "male" type with lower levels of cholesterol of high density lipoproteins (LP) and higher levels of TG, and cholesterol of very low density LP and of low density LP. It is recommended that the SCO syndrome should be included into the risk factors for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.