[Xanthogranulomatous cystitis: report of a case]. / Cistitis xantogranulomatosa: presentación de un caso.

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of xanthogranulomatous cystitis, a rare disease especially in the western countries (12 of the 16 cases reported were Japanese and Korean). METHODS: A case of xanthogranulomatous cystitis in a 34-year-old female is presented. Patient evaluation included histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: The lesion was localized to the bladder dome, anatomically related with the urachus. It consisted of collections of histiocytes with lymphoplasmocytic infiltrate. The adhesions observed in the omentum in this case indicate a possible relationship with a previous inflammatory process. Surgery is advocated in most of the cases with good results.

[Laparoscopy as essential method in the diagnosis of nonpalpable testis]. / La laparoscopia como método imprescindible en el diagnóstico del testículo no palpable.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the utility of laparoscopic evaluation in the diagnosis of the nonpalpable testis versus conventional imaging techniques based on our experience with 51 cases and data reported in the literature. METHODS/RESULTS: Testicular tumors were found in both intra-abdominal testes in one patient, as well as 7 cases of evanescent testis and 39 testicular rests in the inguinal canal. Four other intra-abdominal testes showed no changes. CONCLUSIONS: The possibility of an existing intra-abdominal testis and its possible progression to malignancy warrant exploration of the nonpalpable testis by laparoscopy, a very simple and effective procedure.

[Current role of percutaneous renal surgery at a service of general urology]. / El papel actual de la cirugía percutánea renal en un Servicio de Urología General.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility and need for percutaneous surgery in the General Urology Department according to its applicability and efficacy. METHODS: 40 percutaneous surgery procedures were performed over a period of 11 years (average 3.6 procedures/year), which accounts for 0.60% of all surgical procedures performed. These were carried out for pyelic stone (10), caliceal stone (12), pyelic stone in horseshoe kidney (2), pyelic stone + UPJ stricture (4), UPJ stricture (7), UPJ re-stenosis post-pyeloplasty (1), cystectomy (3), diagnostic percutaneous surgery (1). RESULTS: Good results were achieved in 89.2% of the cases with lithiasis and there were 3 failed attempts (10.7%). Cystectomy achieved a 100% success rate; residual cavity persists in all the cases but there has been no recurrence at 5 years. Endopyelotomy was successful in 41.6% of the cases and stricture recurred in 58.3%. Overall, there were 4 complications without major consequences, although the procedure could not be completed in two cases. CONCLUSIONS: Although there is little opportunity to apply the technique, it is currently necessary because it achieves unquestionably good results in specific cases.

[Adjuvant therapy with systemic JM-8 (carboplatin) in superficial bladder tumors. Results after 3 years of use]. / Tratamiento adyuvante con JM-8 (carboplatino), por vía sistémica, en los tumores superficiales de vejiga. Resultados después de tres años de utilización.

We evaluated the 3-year efficacy of adjuvant treatment (after complete TUR) with systemic carboplatin in 34 patients with transitional cell bladder tumors in the superficial stages. Twenty-six patients with a one-year follow-up had a recurrence rate of 23%. Twenty-three patients with a two-year follow-up had a recurrence rate of 65.3%. Six patients with a three-year follow-up had a recurrence rate of 83.3%. Seventeen patients with tumor recurrence within three years had "minimal" recurrence. The course of the disease was very stable and remained unchanged in 4 cases that required no other treatment for one year. This treatment modality indicates a therapeutic effect; however, further studies and changes are warranted in order to obtain better results.

[Use of systemic carboplatin in superficial tumors of the bladder. Preliminary phase II study (toxicity)]. / Empleo de carboplatino sistémico en los tumores superficiales de vejiga. Estudio preliminar en fase II (toxicidad).

The high recurrence rate of superficial bladder tumors, its frequent association with premalignant tumors, and its evolution into infiltrating tumors in 15% of the cases justify the use of tumoricidal agents as adjuvant therapy. For the past 20 years, several agents have been used intravesically with limited efficacy (+/- 40% recurrence/year), high local morbidity (cystitis, urethral stenosis), and excessively long duration of treatment (+/- 1 year). The efficacy of CDDP in the treatment of bladder tumors has been reported elsewhere. An objective response of +/- 50% (RC + RP) at a dose of 50-70 mg/m2 has been observed. The new generations of platinum, less toxic and easier to use, have raised hopes vis-à-vis its efficacy in the treatment of this tumor type. To date, we have evaluated 26 patients with superficial tumor of the bladder over a period of one year. These patients had been submitted to a treatment protocol with systemic carboplatinum following complete TUR and assessment of bone marrow; renal function, WHO, audiometry, urinary cytology, determination of tumor cell markers (CEA, çGT). Treatment consisted of 3 cycles of i.v. carboplatinum at a dose of 300 mg/m2 (1/30 days). We have corroborated the following features: ease of use, good patient tolerance and scant toxicity. However, its efficacy has as yet to be determined through the disease-free interval.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)