Genotypic evaluation of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from bovine clinical mastitis / [Avaliação genotípica da resistência antimicrobiana em Staphylococcus spp. isolados de mastite clínica bovina]

Bovine clinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus spp. is a serious and widespread disease in the world of dairy farming. Antimicrobial therapy is of fundamental importance in the prevention and treatment of infectious mastitis, but the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials acts as a determining factor for the spread of the disease. The present study evaluated the resistance profiles of 57 Staphylococcus spp. isolated from bovine clinical mastitis to beta-lactams and gentamicin, relating characteristics of phenotype (in vitro susceptibility tests) and genotype (detection and expression of genes encoding resistance - mecA, mecALGA251, blaZ, femA, femB, and aacA-aphD - using PCR and RT-PCR, respectively). One or more genes coding for resistance to different antimicrobials were detected in 50 Staphylococcus spp. isolates. The femA and femB genes were the most frequent (75.4% for both). The observed expression of the genes was as follows: blaZ (60%), femA (39.5%), aacA-aphD (50%), femB (32.6%), mecA (8.3%), and mecALGA251 (0%). Considering the relevance of the genus Staphylococcus to bovine mastitis, this study aimed to elucidate aspects regarding the genotypic and phenotypic profiles of these microorganisms so as to contribute to the development of effective strategies for mastitis control.(AU)

A mastite clínica bovina causada por Staphylococcus spp. é uma doença grave e generalizada no mundo da pecuária leiteira. A terapia antimicrobiana é de fundamental importância na prevenção e no tratamento da mastite infecciosa, mas o uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos atua como fator determinante para a disseminação da doença. O presente estudo avaliou os perfis de resistência de 57 Staphylococcus spp. isolados de mastite clínica bovina em relação ao uso de betalactâmicos e gentamicina, relacionando características do fenótipo (testes de suscetibilidade in vitro) e genótipo (detecção e expressão de genes que codificam resistência - mecA, mecALGA251, blaZ, femA, femB, e aacA-aphD - usando PCR e RT-PCR, respectivamente). Um ou mais genes que codificam resistência a diferentes antimicrobianos foram detectados em 50 Staphylococcus spp. isolados. Os genes femA e femB foram os mais frequentes (75,4% para ambos). A expressão observada dos genes foi a seguinte: blaZ (60%), femA (39,5%), aacA-aphD (50%), femB (32,6%), mecA (8,3%) e mecALGA251 (0%). Considerando-se a relevância do gênero Staphylococcus para a mastite bovina, este estudo teve como objetivo elucidar aspectos referentes aos perfis genotípico e fenotípico desses microrganismos, a fim de contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estratégias eficazes para o controle da mastite.(AU)

Direct PCR of lesions suggestive of sporotrichosis in felines / [PCR direta de lesões sugestivas de esporotricose em gatos]

A esporotricose é uma doença emergente e a incidência de esporotricose zoonótica tem aumentado, principalmente no Brasil; a maioria dos casos está relacionada à transmissão de gatos infectados. O diagnóstico definitivo da esporotricose felina é feito por cultura fúngica; no entanto, aguardar o longo período de cultura pode atrasar o início do tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi detectar e determinar as espécies de Sporothrix por PCR realizado diretamente das lesões de gatos, provenientes de área endêmica, nos quais a esporotricose fazia parte do diagnóstico diferencial. Um total de 87,1% dos casos foi positivo por PCR ou cultura fúngica para Sporothrix; 81,4% foram confirmados como S. brasiliensis por PCR, 71,4% por isolamento e 65,7% pelos dois métodos. Em conclusão, a análise direta por PCR de lesões sugestivas de esporotricose em gatos é um bom método para confirmar a infecção e determinar as espécies de Sporothrix, garantindo um diagnóstico rápido; esse método tem uma boa concordância com o isolamento fúngico.(AU)

Chlamydia felis: Lack of association between clinical signs and the presence of the cryptic plasmid.

Chlamydia felis is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that infects cats, causing severe conjunctivitis associated with upper respiratory tract disease (URTD). In the present study, 186 cats from three non-commercial catteries in São Paulo, SP, Brazil were evaluated. The detection of Chlamydia felis was performed by PCR. The clinical severity was scored from 1 to 4, with a score of 4 as the most severe manifestation. The total occurrence of C. felis was of 18.82% (35/186) of cats overall, but notably, 58.06% (18/31) of infected cats originated from a single cattery. All animals harboring C. felis had URTD clinical signs and higher scores (3 and 4). In addition, C. felis occurrence was associated with the presence of cryptic plasmid. However, the virulence and clinical severity were not correlated.

Microbiological analysis and sensitivity profile of Staphylococcus spp. in subclinical mastitis of dairy goats / Análise microbiológica e perfil de sensibilidade do Staphylococcus spp. em mastite subclínica de caprinos leiteiros

Subclinical mastitis in goats causes economic losses and risks to public health. Given the need for research that shows the most isolated staphylococci species and sensibility tests comparing the resistance between coagulase-negative (CNS) and positive Staphylococcus (CPS) goats with subclinical mastitis, the aim of this study was to identify the microorganisms isolated from milk samples of goats with subclinical mastitis, as well as define the staphylococci species and determine the sensitivity profile of Staphylococcus spp. to antimicrobials. To collect samples, tests were performed for mug of black background and California mastitis test (CMT), collecting milk from CMT positive animals. A total of 226 samples from seven herds of dairy goats was collected and forwarded to the laboratory, where they were seeded for the isolation of the microorganism and implementing the antibiotic sensibility test. Of these, 122 samples had bacterial growth and the most isolated staphylococci species were: S. epidermidis (24.55%), S. lugdunensis (15.40%) and S. intermedius (13.64%). Samples showed increased resistance to antimicrobials: penicillin (81.8%), oxacillin (60.0%) and ampicillin (55.5%). Greater sensitivity to: enrofloxacin (99.1%), erythromycin (98.2%), gentamicin (98.2%) and vancomycin (98.2%) were observed. The S. epidermidis showed higher antimicrobial resistance to amoxicillin and penicillin than S. lugdunensis and S. intermedius. Similar resistance in vitro between CNS and CPS was observed to most antimicrobials. It is important to control the overuse of antibiotics to prevent the emergence of resistant strains.

A mastite subclínica em caprinos acarreta prejuízos econômicos e riscos à saúde pública. Tendo em vista a necessidade de pesquisas que demonstrem as espécies de estafilococos mais isoladas e os testes de sensibilidade que comparem a resistência entre Staphylococcus coagulase negativa (SCN) e positiva (SCP) de cabras com mastite subclínica, os objetivos do presente estudo foram identificar os microrganismos isolados de amostras de leite de cabras com mastite subclínica, bem como definir as espécies de estafilococos e determinar o perfil de sensibilidade de Staphylococcus spp. aos antimicrobianos. Para realizar a coleta das amostras, foram executados os testes da caneca de fundo preto e California mastitis test (CMT) com o leite dos animais reagentes ao CMT. Coletaram-se 226 amostras provenientes de sete rebanhos de caprinos leiteiros, as quais foram encaminhadas para o laboratório, onde foram semeadas para o isolamento do microrganismo e a realização do teste de antibiograma. Dessas amostras, 122 tiveram crescimento bacteriano e as espécies mais isoladas de estafilococos foram: S. epidermidis (24,55%), S. lugdunensis (15,40%) e S. intermedius (13,64%). As amostras apresentaram maior resistência aos antimicrobianos penicilina (81,8%), oxacilina (60,0%) e ampicilina (55,5%). Observou-se maior sensibilidade para enrofloxacina (99,1%), eritromicina (98,2%), gentamicina (98,2%) e vancomicina (98,2%). O S. epidermidis apresentou maior resistência antimicrobiana para a amoxicilina e a penicilina do que o S. lugdunensis e o S. intermedius. Foi verificada uma resistência in vitro semelhante entre os estafilococos coagulase negativa e positiva para a maioria dos antimicrobianos testados. É importante o controle do uso abusivo de antimicrobianos para evitar o surgimento de cepas resistentes.

Detection and enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus from bovine milk samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based method to detect and quantify Staphylococcus aureus in bronopol-preserved milk samples from subclinical intramammary infections (IMI). Serial dilutions of milk artificially inoculated with Staph. aureus ATCC 29213 were used to establish a standard curve (cfu/mL) of the qPCR assay targeting the Staph. aureus thermonuclease-encoding gene nuc according to the strain plate count. The analytical sensitivity, specificity, and repeatability of the qPCR assay were determined. A total of 60 milk samples, collected from mammary quarters without abnormal appearance and with positive isolation of Staph. aureus, were submitted to both the qPCR protocol and Staph. aureus plate counting and results from both methods were compared. Staphylococcus aureus from bronopol-preserved, subclinical IMI milk samples were not accurately enumerated by qPCR compared with plate counting of the nonpreserved, raw milk sample. The detection limit of the qPCR protocol of inoculated Staph. aureus ATCC 29213 in bronopol-preserved milk samples was 1.04 × 10(1) cfu/mL. The qPCR protocol can be a high-throughput and rapid diagnostic assay to accurately detect Staph. aureus IMI from bronopol-preserved milk samples compared with a traditional culturing method. However, the proposed qPCR protocol is not accurate for counting of Staph. aureus in bronopol-preserved milk samples from naturally infected mammary glands.

Function of milk polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes in bovine mammary glands infected with Corynebacterium bovis.

Corynebacterium bovis is one of the most commonly isolated bacteria from aseptically collected bovine milk samples. The objective of the current study was to characterize the bovine innate immune response by evaluating milk polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes (PMNL) in mammary glands infected with C. bovis. Twenty quarters infected with C. bovis and 28 culture-negative quarters (with milk somatic cell count <1×10(5) cells/mL) were used. The percentages of milk PMNL and the PMNL expression of L-selectin (CD62L), ß2-integrin (CD11b), and one of the endothelial-selectin ligands (CD44), as well as the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus, were evaluated by flow cytometry. The apoptosis and necrosis rates of the PMNL were quantified using dual-color flow cytometry with fluorescein-labeled annexin and propidium iodide. The present study revealed a higher percentage of PMNL in the milk from C. bovis-infected quarters, although no significant differences were found in levels of CD44, CD62L, or CD11b expression among the PMNL. A lower percentage of apoptotic PMNL was observed in C. bovis-infected quarters, as well as higher percentages of viable PMNL and of PMNL that produced intracellular ROS. However, no alterations were observed in phagocytosis of Staph. aureus by the PMNL or in intensity of intracellular ROS production by PMNL. Thus, results from this investigation of the PMNL function support, at least in part, the fact that intramammary infections by C. bovis may offer protection against intramammary infections by other bacteria.

Lactation stage and udder health status of Santa Ines ewes / Estágio da lactação e saúde da glândula mamária em ovelhas da raça Santa Inês

Avaliou-se o risco de infecção em diferentes fases da lactação em 33 ovelhas da raça Santa Inês. Inicialmente a glândula foi submetida ao exame físico e à prova de fundo escuro. Posteriormente, amostras de leite foram coletadas assepticamente para a realização de exame bacteriológico - California Mastitis teste -, e contagens microscópica e automática de células somáticas. Nenhuma diferença foi observada entre as distintas fases de lactação. Observou-se alta persistência de infecções intramamárias, e tendência a maior contagem de células somáticas no último período de lactação, que pode ser oriunda da maior resistência a infecções neste período.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from meat-producing ewes with mastitis / Susceptibilidade antimicrobiana de cepas de estafilococcos coagulase-negativa isolados de ovinos de corte com mastite

Avaliou-se a sensibilidade antimicrobiana in vitro de 121 cepas de estafilococos coagulase-negativa isolada de leite de ovelhas Santa Inês, aos fármacos: penicilina, amoxicilina, ampicilina, estreptomicina, oxaciclina, neomicina, cefalotina, gentamicina e sulfonamida. A resistência à sulfonamida foi a mais frequente (27,3 por cento), seguida pela estreptomicina (14,0 por cento) e pela oxaciclina (14,0 por cento), enquanto da gentamicina (1,6 por cento) foi a menos frequente. Todas as cepas foram sensíveis a pelo menos um antimicrobiano, e 20,3 por cento das cepas apresentaram resistência múltipla. Os resultados mostram a importância de Staphylococci coagulase-negativas como agentes causadores de mastite em ovinos, e o perfil de resistência múltipla indica a importância da determinação da resistência à oxaciclina como indicador da presença de ilhas de patogenicidade que contêm fatores de virulência e resistência a outros antimicrobianos que contribuem para a sobrevivência da bactéria ao tratamento.

Obstrução nasal por granuloma fúngico em eqüino: relato de caso / Nasal obstruction caused by fungal granuloma in a horse: case report

Um eqüino de nove anos de idade apresentou ausência de ar expirado e secreção serossanguinolenta na narina direita, associado a ruído respiratório. Os exames endoscópico e radiológico mostraram uma formação de aproximadamente seis centímetros de diâmetro recoberta por mucosa amarelada, que obstruía a cavidade nasal direita e insinuava-se para a cavidade nasal esquerda. Tal massa foi ressecada por meio de sinusotomia frontal direita. O exame histológico e a cultura revelaram lesão granulomatosa causada por fungos. O tratamento pós-operatório compreendeu associação de antibiótico e antiinflamatório, assim como de lavagens com água destilada e chá de camomila.

A 9-year-old horse presented serosanguineous nasal discharge, absence of breath out through the right nostril, and respiratory noise. Endoscopic and radiographic exams revealed a six centimeter diameter mass, covered by yellowish mucosa, which was obstructing the entire right nasal cavity and part of the left one. The mass was excised through a right frontal sinusotomy. The microscopic exam and the culture revealed a fungic granulomatous rhinitis. Antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drugs were postoperatively administered; moreover, camomile tea and distilled water were flushed in a drain placed above the bone flap.

A randomized controlled trial of homeopathic treatment of weaned piglets in a commercial swine herd.

AIM: To evaluate the zootechnic performance and occurrence of diarrhea in piglets in the week post-weaning comparing supplementation with sucrose saline which contained or did not contain added homeopathic medicine. METHOD: Animals were randomly divided into three groups of 24 piglets each. The control group did not receive any treatment. Another group received sucrose saline, and the third group received sucrose saline with homeopathic medicine added, in the period of zero to seven days post-weaning. The homeopathic treatment consisted of Echinacea angustifolia, Avena sativa, Ignatia amara, Calcarea carbonica, all 6cH. Piglets were weighed daily for weight gain or loss, and observed for diarrhea and feed intake. RESULTS: Animals receiving sucrose saline alone and sucrose saline with homeopathy had less weight loss than control (p=0.017, p=0.0001 respectively). There was no statistical difference in relation to overall incidence of diarrhea or food consumption. These data suggest that the supplementation with sucrose saline with added homeopathic medicine in the first seven days post-weaning may be an useful option to reduce weight loss in weaned piglets.

Evaluation of the microbiological status of milk and various structures in mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows.

A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the gland cisterns and teat cisterns.

Aetiology and histopathology of bovine mastitis of espontaneous occurrence.

Infectious bovine mastitis is responsible for serious economic losses in dairy cattle breeding. Information about the damages caused by micro-organisms is of great interest and importance. The purpose of the present study was to report on the microbiological and histopathological aspects of the mammary parenchymas of slaughtered dairy cows. A total of 184 mammary glands were examined and samples of mammary parenchyma were collected for microbiological and histopathological examinations. Micro-organisms were isolated from 69.6% samples; 23 (12.5%) of the 184 samples did not show histological changes; inflammatory response was observed in 56 (30.4%) samples; inflammatory response and repair were present in 82 (44.6%) samples; repair process was verified in 23 (12.5%) of the mammary glands. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci were observed in 53.8% of the samples followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococci (7.6%), Prototheca sp. (2.2%) and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.6%). Coagulase-negative Staphylococci and coagulase-positive Staphylococci were associated mainly to chronic inflammatory response and chronic inflammatory response and repair. Samples from which no micro-organisms were isolated (n = 56) had no histological changes in 82.6% of the cases. These results were higher (P < 0.05) when compared to the samples with micro-organisms and without histological changes (17.4%).

Susceptibility and features of the ultrastructure of Prototheca zopfii following exposure to copper sulphate, silver nitrate and chlorexidine.

One of the most important forms of the occurrence of protothecosis is bovine mastitis. Studies on the "in vivo" and "in vitro" susceptibility to antimicrobials have shown that the microorganism is resistant to most of them. Looking for alternative treatments this study aimed to study the susceptibility to copper sulphate (which has an important algicide effect) and silver nitrate (used in dairy cattle breeding for the cauterization of mammary glands) and also to chlorexidine (an important post-dipping anti-septic used in dairy practice), and the effect of these antimicrobials in the ultrastructure of Prototheca zopfii before and after the exposure to these drugs. The "in vitro" susceptibility tests to chlorexidine, silver nitrate and copper sulphate of the strains of Prototheca zopfii for the determination of their minimal microbicidal concentrations (MMC), were performed using the tube dilution method in Sabouraud dextrose broth and evaluation of colony growth after plating in Sabouraud dextrose agar. The MMCs of chlorexidine, copper sulphate and silver nitrate of the 50 strains tested were 0.01%, 0.1% and 0.3%, respectively. The tubes containing the material used in the antimicrobial susceptibility tests were prepared for the examination in an electron microscope. The untreated controls of P. zopfii showed a similar ultrastructural appearance with the typical characteristics of the microorganism. Cells exposed to silver nitrate showed changes suggesting thickness of the cell wall. Cells exposed to chlorexidine showed changes suggesting degradation of intra-cellular organelles present in the cytoplasm. P. zopfii treated with copper sulphate showed changes suggesting fibrilation of inner layer of cell wall.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from mammary parenchymas of slaughtered dairy cows.

The high prevalence of the great resistance to antimicrobials shown by the aetiological agents of infectious bovine mastitis, often leads to chronic recurrent mastitis, one of the main causes of early culling of dairy cows. The purpose of this study was to determine the in vitro susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from mammary parenchymas of slaughtered dairy cows, to different anti-microbials. A total of 45 Staphylococcus spp. strains [33 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) and 12 Staphylococcus aureus (SA)] were used. These strains were tested with 12 different antimicrobials by the Kirby and Bauer standardized disc diffusion method; 84.44% and 86.66% of the 45 strains were resistant to ampicillin and penicillin, respectively. The highest sensitivity was to cephalothin (84.44%), gentamicin (80%) and to sulphazotrin (77.77%). CNS showed higher resistance (P < 0.05) than SA. The in vitro susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus spp. strains isolated from mammary parenchymas studied in the present investigation was similar to that observed in recent studies of in vitro and in vivo susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from cases of bovine mastitis.

Isolamento de Niocardia asteroides de lesäo granulomatosa em carne bovina / Isolation of Niocardia asteroides of granulomatous lesions in bovine meat

Os produtos de origem animal desempenham importante papel na alimentaçäo humana devido ao seu valor protéico, porém deve-se evitar que sirvam de vias de transmissäo de doenças aos seus consumidores. A interaçäo dinâmica entre o serviço de inspeçäo de carnes e as técnicas laboratoriais diagnósticas deve ser mantida na profilaxia das doenças veiculadas por alimentos. Relata um caso de contaminaçäo bacteriana de tecido muscular de bovino destinado ao consumo humano. Macroscopicamente observaram-se lesöes granulomatosas semelhantes àquelas associadas à tuberculose. Colheu-se 2,0g do material e, utilizando-se a técnica de descontaminaçäo de Petroff (OPS 1993), tentou-se o isolamento de Mycobacterium ssp, a partir dos meios de Lowenstein-Jensen e de Stonebrink-Lesslie a 37§C. Outro fragmento foi colhido e fixado em formol a 10 por cento para exame histopatológico. Após sete dias de cultivo observou-se no meio de Lowenstein-Jensen a presença de colônias rugosas com pigmento alaranjado. No exame bacteriológico observou-se micélios que se fragmentavam formando bacilos Gram positivos. No corte histológico, corado em Hematoxilina-Eosina, verificaram-se estruturas granulomatosas. Foi identificado Nocardia asteroides a partir das colônias isoladas. Estes microrganismos säo considerados saprófitas, telúricos capazes de causar infecçöes inicialmente pulmonares, disseminando-se posteriormente para outros órgäos, como: rins, baço, fígado, cérebro e ocasionalmente de desenvolver micetomas. Sem auxílio de profissionais integrados e capacitados para diagnosticar esta patologia, haveria maior risco para o consumidor. Conclui-se, portanto, que a crescente integraçäo entre os profissionais de saúde pública e saúde animal permite o aprimoramento das práticas diagnósticas e de prevençäo das zoonoses.

Evaluation of the susceptibility of Prototheca zopfii to milk pasteurization.

Protothecosis has been reported in humans (gastroenteritis, bursitis, etc.) and in many other animal species. Bovine mastitis represents the main form of occurrence of protothecosis in cattle. Milk as well as dairy products, when contaminated with Prototheca spp., represent a potential means of transmission of this zoonosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of forty Prototheca zopfii strains isolated from milk from intramammary infections in dairy cows and also from bulk milk tanks of dairy farms, to the different ratios of temperature/time employed in the thermal treatment of milk: 72-75 degrees C/15 seconds, 72-75 degrees C/20 seconds and 62-65 degrees C/30 minutes. The samples were subjected to these different temperature/time ratios. The evaluation of the thermal susceptibility of the P. zopfii strains showed that 34 strains were resistant in at least one of the tests. The results point out the need to consider the importance of mastitis caused by Prototheca spp. as representing a public health risk.

Dermatoses observadas no homem e em animais de laboratório, domésticos e silvestres em São Paulo. Levantamento retrospectivo / Dermatoses observed in man, laboratory, domestic and wild animals, in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Restrospective study

Five hundred and forty-five samples of hair, feathers, skin, scale and nails scrapings of 28 different species, including humans domestic animals, laboratory animals and wild animals were analysed. Samples were examined by direct microscopy after 30 per cent KOH clarification, and cultured in dextrose agar Sabouraud, Mycobiotic agar (dextrose 10 g/L, chlormicetine 0.05 g/L, cycloheximide 0.5 g/L), and in brain heart infusion agar (BHI agar). The results obtained after isolation and identification were: bacteria 53.94 per cent, non-dermatophytes mycelial fungi 42.56 per cent, dermatophytes 17.43 per cent, yeasts 13.57 per cent, and acari 2.93 per cent, and 19.26 per cent were negative. Staphylococcus were the most prevalent bacteria and among dermatophytes the most prevalent were M. canis; among non-dermatophytes mycelial the Aspergillus sp, and Candida sp were the most common yeasts isolated

[Interspecific outbreaks of dermatomycoses +caused by Microsporum canis and Microsporum gypseum]. / Surtos interespecíficos de dermatomicoses por Microsporum canis e Microsporum gypseum.

Dermatomycosis in domestic animals are important zoonosis in view of the fact that they maintain close contact with human beings. Seven ringworm outbreaks are here described, one of M. gypseum involving a cat and a women and the remainder of M. canis involving 20 human beings (adults, young people and children), 5 dogs, 16 cats and a gibbon-monkey (Hylobates lar).

Surtos interespecíficos de dermatomicoses por Microsporum canis e Microsporum gypseum / Human and animal dermatomycosis: outbreaks of Microsporum canis and Microsporum gypseum

As dermatomicoses dos animais domésticos constituem zoonoses importantes, uma vez que estes mantêm estreito contato com a espécie humana, dada a alta infectividade observada nesses processos. Relata-se ocorrência de sete surtos de dermatomicoses, um por M. gypseum envolvendo um gato e um indivíduo do sexo feminino e os outros por M. canis envolvendo 20 indivíduos da espécie humana (adultos, jovens e crianças de ambos os sexos), 5 cäes, 16 gatos e um macaco gibäo (Hylobates lar)