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Introduction: Organ transplantation is one of the most successful advances in modern medicine. However, a legal system is necessary for its practice to be free from ethical flaws and to respect donors, recipients, and family members. Objective: To map the global legislation regulating the donation, capture and distribution processes of organs and tissues from deceased donors for transplants. Method: A scoping review according to the Joanna Briggs Institute was conducted in the following databases: Medline, CINAHL, Virtual Health Library, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Science Direct, and EMBASE, as well as gray literature, and reported according to the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. Results: We identified 3302 records, of which 77 were analyzed which enabled mapping the type of consent adopted and the existence of current legislation for harvesting organs and tissues after circulatory and brain death. Conclusion: Opt-out consent predominates in Europe, and there is harvesting after brain and circulatory death. Opt-out predominates in the Americas, while Opt-in and harvesting of organs and tissues after brain death predominate in Asia and Oceania. The procurement of organs and tissues from deceased donors is practically non-existent in Africa.
RESUMO
OBJETIVO: analisar a associação de variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas com o desfecho de pacientes com Aids admitidos em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI). MÉTODO: Estudo transversal, analítico, retrospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado num hospital de ensino com 55 pacientes. Os dados foram obtidos de fontes secundárias referentes aos anos de 2016 a 2018. Foi realizado análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos pacientes era homem (76,4%), não aderente à terapia antirretroviral (88,6%) e coinfectado (58,2%). A insuficiência respiratória aguda (52,7%) foi a principal causa de admissão. Durante a internação, hemotransfusão (50,9%) foi a medida terapêutica mais comum e infecção (49,1%) a complicação mais recorrente. Citomegalovírus, sífilis, hemodiálise, tosse, dispneia, náuseas, convulsão e tempo de permanência na UTI foram estatisticamente associados (p<0,05) à mortalidade na UTI e/ou hospital. CONCLUSÃO: Há necessidade de aprimorar as políticas de saúde do homem para incrementar a vigilância à saúde daqueles acometidos por Aids.
OBJECTIVE: to analyze the association of sociodemographic and clinical variables with the outcome of patients with Aids admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). METHOD: A cross-sectional, analytical, retrospective study with a quantitative approach carried out in a teaching hospital with 55 patients. Data were obtained from secondary sources for the years 2016 to 2018. A descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: Most patients were male (76.4%), non-adherent to antiretroviral therapy (88.6%), and were co-infected (58.2%). Acute respiratory failure (52.7%) was the main cause of admission. During hospitalization, blood transfusion (50.9%) was the most common therapeutic measure and infection (49.1%) was the most recurrent complication. Cytomegalovirus, syphilis, hemodialysis, cough, dyspnea, nausea, seizure, and length of stay in the ICU were statistically associated (p<0.05) with mortality in the ICU and/or hospital. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to improve men's health policies to increase the health surveillance of those affected by Aids.
OBJETIVO: analizar la asociación de variables sociodemográficas y clínicas a la evolución de los pacientes con Sida ingresados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). MÉTODO: Estudio transversal, analítico, retrospectivo, con abordaje cuantitativo, realizado con 55 pacientes en un hospital docente. Los datos se obtuvieron de fuentes secundarias relativas a los años 2016 a 2018. Se realizó análisis estadístico descriptivo e ilativo. RESULTADOS: La mayoría de los pacientes eran hombres (76,4%), no adherentes a la terapia antirretroviral (88,6%) y coinfectados (58,2%). La insuficiencia respiratoria aguda (52,7%) fue la principal causa de ingreso. Durante la hospitalización, la transfusión de sangre (50,9%) fue la medida terapéutica más común y la infección (49,1%) fuela complicación más recurrente. El citomegalovirus, la sífilis, la hemodiálisis, la tos, la disnea, las náuseas, las convulsiones y la estancia en la UCI se asociaron estadísticamente (p<0,05) a la mortalidad en la UCI y/o el hospital. CONCLUSIÓN: Es necesario mejorar las políticas de salud de los hombres para aumentar la vigilancia de la salud de las personas que viven con el VIH.
