RESUMO
Mucociliary clearance and fluid transport along epithelial surfaces are carried out by multiciliated cells (MCCs). Recently, human mutations in Cyclin O (CCNO) were linked to severe airway disease. Here, we show that Ccno expression is restricted to MCCs and the genetic deletion of Ccno in mouse leads to reduced numbers of multiple motile cilia and characteristic phenotypes of MCC dysfunction including severe hydrocephalus and mucociliary clearance deficits. Reduced cilia numbers are caused by compromised generation of centrioles at deuterosomes, which serve as major amplification platform for centrioles in MCCs. Ccno-deficient MCCs fail to sufficiently generate deuterosomes, and only reduced numbers of fully functional centrioles that undergo maturation to ciliary basal bodies are formed. Collectively, this study implicates CCNO as first known regulator of deuterosome formation and function for the amplification of centrioles in MCCs.
Assuntos
Centríolos/fisiologia , Ciclinas/fisiologia , Animais , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Células Cultivadas , Centríolos/ultraestrutura , Cílios/fisiologia , Cílios/ultraestrutura , Embrião de Mamíferos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Hidrocefalia/embriologia , Hidrocefalia/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Depuração Mucociliar/genética , Organogênese/genética , Traqueia/citologia , Traqueia/embriologia , Traqueia/metabolismoRESUMO
We report here genome sequences and comparative analyses of three closely related parasitoid wasps: Nasonia vitripennis, N. giraulti, and N. longicornis. Parasitoids are important regulators of arthropod populations, including major agricultural pests and disease vectors, and Nasonia is an emerging genetic model, particularly for evolutionary and developmental genetics. Key findings include the identification of a functional DNA methylation tool kit; hymenopteran-specific genes including diverse venoms; lateral gene transfers among Pox viruses, Wolbachia, and Nasonia; and the rapid evolution of genes involved in nuclear-mitochondrial interactions that are implicated in speciation. Newly developed genome resources advance Nasonia for genetic research, accelerate mapping and cloning of quantitative trait loci, and will ultimately provide tools and knowledge for further increasing the utility of parasitoids as pest insect-control agents.
