[Effect of alpha-difluoromethylornithine and polyhexamethyleneguanidine (PMG), polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors on leucosis L1210 growth kinetics and life expectancy of animals with cancer].

The article deals with the study of polyamines content and y-glutamiltranspeptidase (gamma-GTP) activity in leucosis L1210 cells under the influence of inhibitors of polyamines synthesis such as alpha-difluoromethylornithine (alpha-DFMO) and polyhexamethylenguanidine (PMG). Injections of alpha-DFMO and PMG to animals essentially reduce putrescine and spermidine concentrations, and the levels of spermine and gamma-GTP activity increase under this influence. These modulation were associated with L1210 leucosis growth retardation. Antiblastic effect was dependent on inhibitors' doses and mode of injections' course. Under the optimum conditions the retardation index was 90-98%. The animals with retarded tumor growth had essentially longer survival time frame than blank tumor-bearing animals (index was 37.2 for a-DFMO and 67.5 for PMG).

[Immunomodulating activity of exogenous ceruloplasmin in experimental tumor growth]. / Immunomoduliruiushchaia aktivnost' ekzogennogo tseruloplazmina pri éksperimental'nom opukholevom protsesse.

Immunomodulating properties of ceruloplasmin were determined in vivo on healthy mice line C57BL/6 and mice with Lewis carcinoma. It was established, that ceruloplasmin at the concentration of 1-40 mg/kg stimulated both T- and B--systems of immunity and prevented immunodepression activity of tumor growth.

[The possibilities of using the free polyamines of the peripheral blood as biochemical tumor markers in nephroblastoma in children]. / Vozmozhnosti ispol'zovaniia svobodnykh poliaminov perifericheskoi krovi kak biokhimicheskikh opukholevykh markerov pri nefroblastome u detei.

Thin-layer chromatography was used to measure free polyamine level in blood plasma and peripheral blood cells in 38 pediatric nephroblastoma patients and 30 apparently healthy children. Thirty-six nephroblastoma patients were examined in the course of treatment of whom 25-during 1-36 months following basic treatment course as well. A significant increase in the initial free polyamine level in blood cells (92.4% of cases) and plasma (63%) of nephroblastoma patients was observed. A correlation was established between changes in free polyamine level, on the one hand, and response to treatment and subsequent course of disease, on the other. At 8-10 days following radical surgery, a decrease in polyamine level was observed in 58% of operated cases and an increase-in 41.8%. The latter proved prognostically unfavorable. Recurrence and metastases development was associated with a rise in polyamine concentration in plasma and, particularly, in blood cells which in some cases preceded the appearance of other signs of tumor progression. The polyamine test can be recommended for monitoring pediatric nephroblastoma patients.

[The use of ceruloplasmin in combination with adjuvant polychemotherapy in stomach cancer]. / Primenenie tseruloplazmina v sochetanii s ad''iuvantnoi polikhimioterapiei pri rake zheludke.

Ceruloplasmin as a modulator was used for the first time in the clinical practice in 30 patients with gastric cancer in the course of postoperative intraabdominal adjuvant chemotherapy. It was established that ceruloplasmin was well tolerated by the patients and its use during polychemotherapy is accompanied by normalization of the levels of natural ceruloplasmin and iron in the blood serum that are usually reduced in patients with gastric cancer, reduces activation of lipid peroxidation and improves the course of postoperative period. Ceruloplasmin possesses a week immunomodulating action in polychemotherapy which is expressed in the increase of the percentage content of T-lymphocytes. Use of ceruloplasmin tended to improve the functional state of the cardiovascular system.

Ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamine content in adenocarcinomas of human stomach and large intestine.

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and differential polyamine composition have been studied in macroscopically normal mucosa, adjacent mucosa, and neoplastic tissue of 95 patients with adenocarcinomas of stomach and large intestine. In tumors, we found increased ODC activity and polyamine content as compared with surrounding mucosa. ODC activity in macroscopically normal tissue of patients with tumors of stomach and large intestine increased as the disease progressed. An inverse relationship was observed between ODC activity in adenocarcinomas and differentiation.

[The effect of ceruloplasmin on hepatocyte proliferation in the regenerating rat liver]. / Vliianie tseruloplazmina na proliferatsiiu gepatotsitov regeneriruiushchei pecheni krys.

The influence of ceruloplasmin on cell proliferation in regeneration liver of the rat has been studied. Ceruloplasmin stimulates cell proliferation in regeneration liver increasing functional activity of the mononuclear phagocytes.

[Antimetastatic effect of L-lysine-alpha oxidase]. / Antimetastaticheskii éffekt L-lizin-alfa-oksidazy.

The influence of a new antitumor enzyme L-lysine alpha-oxidase on Lewis lung carcinoma spreading was studied in mice in which primary tumor had been removed. The enzyme was found to significantly decrease the extent and number of lung metastases as compared to mice which hadn't received L-lysine alpha-oxidase. This was matched by recovery of alveolar macrophages functional activity, as assessed by adenosine deaminase and 5' nucleotidase levels in these cells. Moreover, antimetastatic and cytostatic effect was confirmed by the measuring of polyamine concentration in mice erythrocytes.

[Changes in cell membrane proteins during N-nitrosodiethylamine induced carcinogenesis]. / Izmeneniia belkov kletochnykh membran v protsesse kantserogeneza, vyzvannogo N-nitrozodiétilaminom.

The composition of rat liver cell membrane proteins during the N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis was studied using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The effect of the carcinogen on rat liver was controlled by the catalase activity in the microsomal fractions. The plasma membrane protein fractions with Mr of 140 kDa, 135 kDa, 40 kDa and 22 kDa as well as the 36 kDa fraction from endoplasmic reticulum membranes were found to decrease during hepatocarcinogenesis.

[Ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamine contents in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced carcinogenesis of the intestines in rats]. / Aktivnost' ornitindekarboksilazy i soderzhanie poliaminov pri indutsirovannom 1,2-dimetilgidrazinom kantserogeneze kishechnika u krys.

The ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and concentration of polyamines have been studied in small and large intestine during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced carcinogenesis in rats. Changes in the polyamine biosynthesis consisting both in enhanced ODC activity and an increase of the intracellular content of putrescine, spermidine and spermine. Process of the polyamine synthesis activation proceeds in two phases: the most expressed and similar changes in polyamine metabolism factors have been observed at early (the 1st month) and late (the 5th-6th months) stages of carcinogenesis. It is supposed that intensification of the polyamine synthesis is a typical feature of malignization in the gastrointestinal tract.

[The effect of ceruloplasmin on metabolic processes in the liver of mice during neutron exposure]. / Vliianie tseruloplazmina na metabolicheskie protsessy v pecheni myshei pri neitronnom vozdeistvii.

A single intraperitoneal administration of human ceruloplasmin to BALB/c mice 60 min before fast neutron irradiation normalizes lipid content and cAMP/cGMP index, and increases catalase activity in the liver of irradiated animals.

[The role of the components of the cyclic nucleotide system in N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatic carcinogenesis in rats]. / Rol' nekotorykh komponentov sistemy tsiklicheskikh nukleotidov pri gepatokantserogeneze, indutsirovannom N-nitrozodiétilaminom, u krys.

The content of cyclic nucleotides and activity cAMP- and cGMP-dependent PDE-ases have been studied in the rat liver and activity of NaF stimulated adenylate cyclase was studied in plasma membranes of the rat liver at late stages (2-5.5 months) of hepatocarcinogenesis induced by NDEA. A considerable decrease in the basal adenylate cyclase activity and NaF stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in plasma membranes of hepatomas in comparison with norm has been observed. During the hepatocarcinogenesis it was observed a decrease in the cAMP/cGMP ratio, an increase of the cAMP-dependent PDE-ase and a decrease in activity of cGMP-dependent PDE-ase in the rat hepatomas have been found.

[The activating effect of ceruloplasmin on the development of delayed hypersensitivity in mice]. / Aktiviruiushchee vliianie tseruloplazmina na formirovanie giperchuvstvitel'nosti zamedlennogo tipa u myshei.

The influence of ceruloplasmin on the development of delayed hypersensitivity (DHS) and activity of T-suppressors were studied in experiments on intact Balb/c mice. Ceruloplasmin introduced in a dose of 5 mg per 1 kg of weight a day before immunization of animals is shown to have a stimulating effect. The amount of the introduced drug being raised to 200 mg per 1 kg of weight suppressed the ability of organism to form DHS effect rather than increased it. Ceruloplasmin is stated to inhibit induction of DHS suppressors and to exert no effect on the expression of functional activity of the formed suppressors.

[The character of quantitative changes in some parameters of polyamine metabolism of the blood in patients with chronic leukemia]. / Kharakter kolichestvennykh izmenenii nekotorykh pokazatelei obmena poliaminov v krovi bol'nykh khronicheskimi leikozami.

Content of polyamines and some patterns of metabolism related to their synthesis and catabolism were studied in blood of patients with chronic myeloleukemia and chronic lympholeukemia. Free polyamines as well as activity of diamine oxidase were distinctly increased in blood, while concentration of total diamino acids was simultaneously decreased in blood serum of the patients as compared with that of healthy persons. Specific type of the quantitative alterations was responsible for efficiency of chemotherapy in these patients.

[Polyamines of lymphocytes in animals in an experimental tumor process]. / Poliaminy v limfotsitakh zhivotnykh pri éksperimental'nom opukholevom protsesse.

Total content and individual fractions of polyamines were studied in lymphocytes of thymus and spleen tissues as well as in lymphatic glands of mice with Lewis carcinoma (strain C57BL/6). Fraction composition as well as total content of polyamines were altered during malignization, as a result of which proliferative activity of lymphocytes was shifted.

[Effect of cyclophosphane on polyamine excretion in rats with Guérin's carcinoma and Pliss' lymphosarcoma]. / Vliianie tsiklofosfana na ékskretsiiu poliaminov u krys s kartsinomoi Gerena i limfosarkomoi Plissa.

Polyamines were determined in the urine of rats with the Guerin carcinoma and Pliss lymphosarcoma treated with cyclophosphamide. Alterations in polyamine distribution and rise of the spermidine/putrescine ratio were caused by the tumor regression or partial inhibition of the tumor growth. Regression of the Guerin carcinoma was accompanied by a rise of spermidine concentration in urine. Delay of the Pliss lymphosarcoma growth led to the putrescine level stabilization. Exposition of the rat normal tissues and cells to the cytostatic caused the alteration in the urinary polyamine excretion. These data suggests that the polyamine test may be useful to evaluate the efficiency of the anticancer treatment soon after its beginning.

[Polyamines and their use in clinical oncology]. / Poliaminy i ikh ispol'zovanie v klinicheskoi onkologii.

Recent achievements in the study of polyamine metabolism, its participation in normal and malignant growth are generalized. Main attention is paid to the polyamine and enzyme metabolism in carcinogenesis and malignant growth in animals and man. The analysis of the great number of the author's own observations permits recommending the determination of polyamines in the urine or in blood in a complex of diagnostic tests as well as for estimating the efficiency of treatment of oncological patients and prognosticating the diseases.