Posterior Fossa Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas with Subarachnoid Venous Drainage: Outcomes of Endovascular Treatment.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dural AVFs located in the posterior fossa are a rare entity. The objectives of the study were to analyze the anatomy of dural AVFs, their endovascular treatment strategies, and clinical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two centers retrospectively selected patients treated between January 2009 and June 2018 having posterior fossa dural AVFs. We collected patient demographics, clinical presentation, arterial and venous outflow anatomy of the dural AVFs, and treatment outcomes. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients treated endovascularly for posterior fossa dural AVFs, type III, IV, or V, were included. One hundred percent of the dural AVFs were occluded. A transarterial approach was performed in 23 dural AVFs (88.5%); a combined transarterial and transvenous approach, for 2 dural AVFs (7.7%); and a transvenous approach alone, for 1 dural AVF (3.8%). The middle meningeal artery was the most common artery chosen to inject embolic liquid (46%, 12/26). Procedure-related morbidity was 15.4% at 24 hours, 7.7% at discharge, and 0% at 6 months. Procedure-related mortality was 0%. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular treatment offers high occlusion rates for posterior fossa dural AVFs with low morbidity and mortality rates. The arterial approach is the first-line preferred approach, even if a transvenous or combined approach would be a safe and effective option for patients with favorable anatomy.

[Transarterial and transvenous embolization of deep binodal arteriovenous malformation of the brain].

INTRODUCTION: The multimodal approach to treatment of arteriovenous malformations yields good results. However, small and deep malformations still pose a big problem for surgeons. Transvenous embolization was designed as an alternative for the cases when endovascular treatment is required and conventional transarterial embolization is not available. CASE STUDY: A 41-year-old patient with binodal malformation in the subcortical nuclei of the left hemisphere of the brain, which had previously become a source of massive parenchymal ventricular hemorrhage, was operated on using the transarterial and, for the first time in our clinic, transvenous approaches. Transarterial embolization of the thalamic node of malformation was performed as the first step. After 6 months, transvenous embolization of the hypothalamic node of malformations was performed as the second step. Successful operation was ensured by using a stable coaxial guiding catheter system with the maximum distal approach and intranidal positioning of a microcatheter with detachable distal portion upon temporary occlusion of afferent vessels of the malformations using a balloon catheter. The operation resulted in total thrombosis of the malformation. No perioperative complications were observed. Control examination in 6 months did not reveal recanalization of the malformation. CONCLUSION: The transvenous approach can be successfully used in endovascular treatment of small and deep arteriovenous malformations with a single drainage vein, which are inaccessible to direct surgery. It can also be used when radiosurgery is associated with a high risk in cases where transarterial embolization is infeasible.

[The effect of aminostimil on the regulation of sexual function in rats]. / Vliianie aminostimila na reguliatsiiu polovoi funktsii u krys.

The effect of aminostimil: a synthetic drug of the acylhydrazide group, was studied in white rats. Aminostimil decreased the uterus weight but did not interfere with estrogen positive action in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, although it increased the FSH level, abolished the inhibitory effect of estradiol on the FSH secretion and did not change the secretion of the LH. Aminostimil induced accumulation of GnRH in the preoptic area and median eminence area in intact female and male rats, LH concentration in the blood plasma but decreased. The data obtained suggest that the antiestrogenic effect of aminostimil is due to inhibition of the GnRH secretion from the hypothalamus into the portal blood.

[Isolation and some properties of mink lysozyme]. / Vydelenie i nekotorye s voistva lizotsima norka.

Lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) from spleen, kidney and liver of mink was isolated by affinity chromatography on deaminated chitin. The histidine content of mink lysozyme is unusually high and comprises 7 residues per mole of the protein. The acidic and basic amino acid residues are present in the mink lysozyme in nearly equal amounts (20-22); in this respect, the degree of amidation of the side chain carboxylic groups is relatively low (8-10). The lysozyme preparations obtained are found to contain an unknown, tightly bound component, absorbing at 400-420 nm.