Corrigendum to "Health-Related Quality of Life and Sleep Quality after 12 Months of Treatment in Nonsevere Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Clinical Trial with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure and Mandibular Advancement Splints".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/2856460.].

Health-Related Quality of Life and Sleep Quality after 12 Months of Treatment in Nonsevere Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Clinical Trial with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure and Mandibular Advancement Splints.

In this randomized controlled trial, patients with nonsevere obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) were treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or a twin block mandibular advancement splint (MAS). The primary objective was to compare how CPAP and MAS treatments change the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and self-reported sleep quality of patients after 12 months of treatment. In total, 104 patients were recruited: 55 were allocated to the CPAP treatment group and 49 to the MAS treatment group. We used the SF36 questionnaire to evaluate HRQoL and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to evaluate sleep quality. All patients were included in the intention-to-treat analyses. These analyses showed improvements in the SF36 physical component score (from 48.8 ± 7.6 at baseline to 50.5 ± 8.0 at follow-up, p=0.03) in the CPAP treatment group and in the mental component score (from 44.9 ± 12.1 to 49.3 ± 9.2, p=0.009) in the MAS treatment group. The PSQI global score improved in both the CPAP (from 7.7 ± 3.5 to 6.6 ± 2.9, p=0.006) and the MAS (8.0 ± 3.1 to 6.1 ± 2.6, p < 0.001) treatment groups. No difference was found between the treatment groups in any of the SF36 scores or PSQI global score at the final follow-up (p > 0.05) in any analysis. The improvement in the SF36 vitality domain moderately correlated to the improvement in the PSQI global score in both groups (CPAP: |r|=0.47, p < 0.001; MAS: |r|=0.36, p=0.01). In the MAS treatment group, we also found a weak correlation between improvements in the SF36 mental component score and PSQI global score (|r|=0.28, p=0.05). In conclusion, CPAP and MAS treatments lead to similar improvements in the HRQoL and self-reported sleep quality in nonsevere OSA. Improvements in aspects of HRQoL seem to be moderately correlated to the self-reported sleep quality in both CPAP and MAS treatments.

Friedman Score in Relation to Compliance and Treatment Response in Nonsevere Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Nonsevere obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is most often treated with a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device or a mandibular advancement splint (MAS). However, patient compliance with these treatments is difficult to predict. Improvement in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is also somewhat unpredictable in MAS treatment. In this study, we investigated the association between Friedman tongue position score (Friedman score) and both treatment compliance and AHI improvement in patients with nonsevere OSA receiving CPAP or MAS treatment. 104 patients with nonsevere OSA were randomly allocated to CPAP or MAS treatment and followed for 12 months. Data were collected through a medical examination, questionnaires, sleep recordings from ambulatory type 3 polygraphic sleep recording devices, and CPAP recordings. Associations between Friedman score, treatment compliance, and AHI improvement were analysed with logistic regression analyses. Friedman score was not associated with treatment compliance (odds ratio [OR]: 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59-1.23), or AHI improvement (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.62-1.76) in the overall study sample, the CPAP treatment group, or the MAS treatment group. Adjustment for socioeconomic factors, body mass index, and tonsil size did not significantly impact the results. Although Friedman score may predict OSA severity and contribute to the prediction of success in uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, we found no association between Friedman score and treatment compliance in patients with nonsevere OSA receiving CPAP or MAS treatment, nor did we find any association between Friedman score and AHI improvement. Factors other than Friedman score should be considered when deciding whether a patient with nonsevere OSA should be treated with CPAP or MAS.

Pyrosequencing technology and the need for versatile solutions in molecular clinical research.

An increasing amount of genetic information is rapidly becoming available to the practitioners of medicine and pharmacology. This knowledge promises to revolutionize the determination of diagnoses and prognoses for genetically-based disorders as well as infectious diseases and to enable tailoring of treatment to suit the individual patient. As genomics becomes ripe for clinical implementation, versatile technologies that can handle all the relevant types of analyses will be requested by many clinicians. The recently established Pyrosequencing technology for rapid determination of short DNA sequences has gained widespread acceptance and is being used in a broad range of applications. It can provide a solution for many emerging issues in molecular clinical research and applications, owing to its reliability and high flexibility together with its user-friendly attributes.

Cytochrome p450 genotyping by multiplexed real-time dna sequencing with pyrosequencing technology.

Individual differences in xenobiotic metabolism influence the therapeutic value of many drugs and are of major concern during the development of new drug candidates. A number of polymorphic cytochrome p450 enzymes account for a significant part of this variation. A better understanding of these genetic factors would be of value for drug development, as well as clinical practice. To fulfill the goal of a personalized medicine, methods for simple and accurate assessment of cytochrome p450 genes are required. We report on the development of multiplex assays for genotyping of the cytochrome p450 drug-metabolizing enzymes CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 with Pyrosequencing technology. Eleven variable positions, representing 12 of the most frequent alleles, were scored: CYP2D6 alleles *2, *3, *4, *6, *7, *8, and *14, CYP2C19 alleles *2, *3, and *4, and CYP2C9 alleles *2 and *3. Four multiplex Pyrosequencing reactions per patient sample were performed to cover these positions, using either simplex or multiplex PCR for amplification of target DNA sequences. Unequivocal genotypes were obtained for all patient samples, and the results were validated by comparing with results obtained using PCR-RFLP. For positions addressed with both methods, the results were in complete agreement. Pyrosequencing technology offers a highly automated, rapid, and accurate method for identification of cytochrome p450 alleles, which is suitable for pharmacogenomic research, as well as for routine assessment of patient genotypes.