RESUMO
Sudden, transient reduction in the blood flow especially in the "watershed" regions of the colon can lead to intestinal ischemia causing a decrease in the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the intestinal wall. Patients with ischemic colitis often have elevated white blood cell counts, serum lactate, and serum amylase levels. Colonoscopy can confirm the diagnosis of ischemia and the findings include edematous, friable mucosa, erythema with interspersed pale areas, scattered hemorrhagic erosions or linear ulcerations. A single, linear ulcer running along the anti-mesenteric colonic wall, "single-stripe sign"- favors the diagnosis of ischemic colitis. Management of mild and moderate colonic ischemia includes supportive care with bowel rest, gastric suction for associated ileus, fluid-electrolyte balance, and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Patients with severe colonic ischemia may require abdominal exploration and colectomy.
