RESUMO
Introduction: The risk of suicide and completed suicides among young university students presents critical challenges to mental and public health in Colombia and worldwide. Employing a quantifiable approach to comprehend the factors associated with these challenges can aid in visualizing the path towards anticipating and controlling this phenomenon. Objective: Develop a predictive model for suicidal behavior in university students, utilizing predictive analytics. Method: We conducted an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, and analytical research study at the University of Manizales, with a focus on predictive applicability. Data from 2,436 undergraduate students were obtained from the research initiative "Building the Future: World Mental Health Surveys International College Students." Results: The top ten predictor variables that generated the highest scores (ranking coefficients) for the sum of factors were as follows: history of sexual abuse (13.21), family history of suicide (11.68), medication (8.39), type of student (7.4), origin other than Manizales (5.86), exposure to cannabis (4.27), exposure to alcohol (4.42), history of physical abuse (3.53), religiosity (2.9), and having someone in the family who makes you feel important (3.09). Discussion: Suicide involves complex factors within psychiatric, medical, and societal contexts. Integrated detection and intervention systems involving individuals, families, and governments are crucial for addressing these factors. Universities also play a role in promoting coping strategies and raising awareness of risks. The predictive accuracy of over 80% in identifying suicide risk underscores its significance. Conclusion: The risk factors related to suicidal behavior align with the findings in specialized literature and research in the field. Identifying variables with higher predictive value enables us to take appropriate actions for detecting cases and designing and implementing prevention strategies.
RESUMO
La investigación se propuso identificar el estado de desarrollo de la producción científica en torno a la relación: comunicación-diversidad, con el fin de determinar cuáles son las profesiones y disciplinas que indagan por esta relación, y cuáles son los enfoques teórico-conceptuales, las temáticas y las poblaciones que se abordan en estos estudios. La investigación parte del postulado según el cual la relación comuni-cación y diversidad es un campo de estudio de interés para la Fonoaudiología, en el que confluyen sabe-res inter y transdicipinares propios de las ciencias humanas, sociales, de la comunicación, y de la salud. Siguiendo el método documental se consultaron un total de 67 artículos en español e inglés, capturados a través de 5 bases de datos, que abordan temáticas relacionadas con la comunicación, la diversidad, la discapacidad y el lenguaje. Los resultados demuestran que en el campo de estudio que surge de la relación comunicación y diversidad se encuentran temáticas recurrentes como la discapacidad, la inclusión social, la rehabilitación, la educación, la comunicación masiva, la economía, las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación TIC-, y la interculturalidad. La investigación concluye que el abordaje de la relación comunicación y diversidad implica considerar los componentes biológicos, individuales, sociales y cultu-rales inherentes a la comunicación humana, reconociendo las diferencias individuales y culturales como fuentes de diversidad comunicativa.
This Theresearch was proposed toidentify the developmentstate ofscientific productionabout the rela-tionship: communication-diversity, in order to determinewhich professionsand disciplinesinquireforthis relationship, and which theoretical and conceptualapproaches, topicsand populations are addressed in-these studies. The research starts off the postulate whereby the relationship between communication and diversity is a relevant field of study to Fonoaudiology, in which inter and trasdiciplinary knowledge of human and social sciences, communication and health converge. Following the documentary method, 67 Spanish and English articles were consulted which were collected through 5 database that addressed issues about communication, diversity, disability and language. The results show that in the emerging field of study from relationship between communication and diversity there are recurring themes such as disability, social inclusion, rehabilitation, education, mass communication, economics, information technology and communication -ICT- and multiculturalism. The research concludes that the approach to communication and diversity implies considering the biological, individual, social and cultural aspects which are inherent to the human communication and recognizes the individual and cultural differences as sources of communicative diversity.
Assuntos
Humanos , Fonoaudiologia , Comunicação , Diversidade Cultural , PesquisaRESUMO
El estudio se propuso diseñar una prueba tamiz para caracterizar los prerrecurrentes de lectura y escritura en población preescolar de 2 a 5 años de edad. Para la elaboración del instrumento se siguió el método propio del diseño y construcción de pruebas. Para la fase de conceptualización se consultaron 38 fuentes bibliográficas y 17 baterías de evaluación relacionadas con el tema de aprendizaje de la lectura, la escritura y el desarrollo del lenguaje. Para la fase de ensayo de los reactivos se recurrió a la validación por juicio de 8 expertos, y a la realización de una prueba piloto en una población de 50 niños y niñas del rango de edad requerido. Como resultado se obtuvo un instrumento que permite identificar comportamientos, conocimientos, habilidades y destrezas de tipo cognitivo, metacognitivo, lingüístico y actitudinal que ejecutan los niños y que se consideran precursores para el aprendizaje y adecuado desarrollo de la lectura y la escritura.
The objective of this study was to design a screening test to characterize the early literacy of reading and writing in pre-school population from 2 to 5 years of age. The own method of the design and construction of tests were taken in order to produce the instrument. For the conceptualization phase, 38 literature sources were consulted and 17 batteries of assessment related to the topic of learning of reading, writing and language development. For the testing phase of the reagents, for validation was resorted by judgment of 8 experts, and to the accomplishment of a pilot test in a population of 50 boys and girls with the range of range required age. As a result, got to build an instrument that allows to identify the occurrence of knowledge, abilities and cognitive metacognitive, linguistic and behavioural skills, that early literacy is considered appropriate for the learning and suitable development of the reading and the writing, and which are in normal conditions in early childhood
