Retinosquisis y desprendimiento neurosensorial peripapilar asociado a glaucoma focal avanzado / Retinoschisis and neurosensory detachment in advanced focal glaucoma

Caso clínico: Mujer de 71 años, diagnosticada de glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto normotensional; presentó de forma asintomática, en el ojo con daño glaucomatoso más avanzado, una retinosquisis peripapilar temporal con desprendimiento de retina seroso subyacente, mayor en la porción inferior del disco donde existía un defecto focal. Discusión: Aunque las fosetas congénitas son las que más se asocian con la retinosquisis peripapilar, esta también puede surgir a partir de defectos adquiridos en las proximidades de las papilas glaucomatosas. Dependiendo de su extensión esta complicación puede ser asintomática, por lo que su prevalencia podría ser mayor de la publicada (AU)

Clinical case: A 71-year-old woman with normotensive primary open-angle glaucoma presented with an asymptomatic temporal peripapillary retinoschisis, associated with serous retinal detachment in the eye with the more advanced glaucoma. It was located at the inferior pole of the optic disc, in the proximity of a glaucomatous focal disc defect. Discussion: Although congenital optic pits are strongly related with juxta-papillary retinoschisis, retinoschisis can also arise from acquired defects in the proximity of glaucomatous optic discs. As symptoms depend on the extent of the retinoschisis, the prevalence of this complication could be greater than that reported in glaucomatous eyes (AU)

Retinoschisis and neurosensory detachment in advanced focal glaucoma. / Retinosquisis y desprendimiento neurosensorial peripapilar asociado a glaucoma focal avanzado.

CLINICAL CASE: A 71-year-old woman with normotensive primary open-angle glaucoma presented with an asymptomatic temporal peripapillary retinoschisis, associated with serous retinal detachment in the eye with the more advanced glaucoma. It was located at the inferior pole of the optic disc, in the proximity of a glaucomatous focal disc defect. DISCUSSION: Although congenital optic pits are strongly related with juxta-papillary retinoschisis, retinoschisis can also arise from acquired defects in the proximity of glaucomatous optic discs. As symptoms depend on the extent of the retinoschisis, the prevalence of this complication could be greater than that reported in glaucomatous eyes.

The spinal generator of ejaculation: Functional consequences of chronic spinalization and effect of substance P in anesthetized rats.

The inability to ejaculate, i.e. anejaculation, affects the vast majority of men after spinal cord injury (SCI). Ejaculation can however be obtained in approximately half of SCI men by applying extraphysiological vibratory stimulation to the penis suggesting that a spinal neural organization commanding ejaculation exists than can be activated despite disruption of cerebral connections. In the rat, a spinal generator of ejaculation (SGE) has been identified which is notably characterized by the presence of substance P (SP) receptor (neurokinin-1 receptor) onto the constituting neurons. The aim of this study was to evaluate the consequence of chronic spinal cord section and the effect of SP on the function of the rat SGE. Electrical stimulations of varying intensity were applied to SGE in anesthetized rats 4weeks after complete transection of the thoracic spinal cord (T9) and ejaculation occurrence as well as peripheral responses, i.e. bulbospongiosus electromyogram and pressure within the seminal vesicle, were monitored. Then the effect of SP locally delivered was assessed in this experimental setting. Occurrence of ejaculation elicited by SGE stimulation, SGE excitatory threshold, and amplitude of peripheral responses were unchanged in spinalized as compared to spinally intact rats. In spinalized rats, SP triggered ejaculation upon intraspinal delivery into the SGE area and decreased the SGE stimulation intensity provoking ejaculation after intrathecal administration indicating a decrease in SGE excitatory threshold. The pro-ejaculatory inducing and facilitating effects of SP were reversed by the selective neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist RP67580. It was concluded that chronic spinalization has no significant impact on SGE functioning and SP exerts a pro-ejaculatory role at the SGE level, opening new avenues for the treatment of anejaculation in SCI men.

Aplicaciones clínicas de la toxina botulínica en el estrabismo: estudio de las inyecciones realizadas durante un año en un hospital general / Botulinum toxin uses in strabismus: A review of the injections performed during one year in a general hospital

OBJETIVO: Analizar las indicaciones, dosis y eficacia de las inyecciones de toxina botulínica A en el departamento de Estrabología. MÉTODO: En este estudio prospectivo, 28 pacientes diagnosticados de estrabismo fueron tratados con toxina botulínica. Se recopilaron los pacientes tratados en 2013 en el Hospital Rey Juan Carlos (Móstoles) para estudiar las indicaciones, la dosis empleada, y se analizaron los resultados de la última revisión, tanto en niños como en adultos, con un seguimiento mínimo de 14 meses. RESULTADOS: Se recogieron datos de 11 niños, 6 mujeres (54,5%), y 17 adultos, 11 varones (64%). La edad media fue 4,42 ± 3,48 años y 58,71 ± 18,07 años en niños y adultos respectivamente. En ambos grupos la mayoría de los casos eran endotropias (81,8% en niños y 47,1% en adultos), aunque el grupo de adultos presentaba enfermedades más heterogéneas incluyendo 4 pacientes con exotropía (26,5%), 4 con hipertropía (26,5%) y uno con nistagmo aislado (5,9%). La media de inyecciones en niños fue de 1,45 ± 0,93, aunque el 72,7% recibieron una única inyección; en el grupo de adultos la media de inyecciones fue de 3,27 ± 1,41. Se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la comparación de tropia y foria prepostinyección en niños y adultos (p < 0,05). En ambos grupos hubo una mejoría significativa en el tortícolis postinyección comparado con el previo (p < 0,05). En 4 niños pudimos detectar una mejoría en la estereoagudeza. Dos niños (18,2%) y 5 adultos (29,4%) precisaron intervención quirúrgica posterior. Ocho adultos (49,1%) presentaban diplopia en posición primaria de la mirada, que se resolvió en 6 casos con inyecciones de toxina, pero 2 necesitaron cirugía para la corrección de la diplopia. Las diferencias entre tropia y foria pre- y postintervención fueron estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05), así como las diferencias entre el tortícolis pre- y postinyección. En 4 casos se pudo detectar mejoría en la estereoagudeza. CONCLUSIONES: La toxina botulínica es un fármaco muy útil en el estrabismo, con mejores resultados sensoriales y motores en los niños, pero eficaz como tratamiento sintomático en algunos casos de estrabismo en adultos

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the indications, dosage and efficacy of botulinum toxin A injection performed in patients in a Strabismus Department. METHODS: In this prospective study, botulinum toxin A was injected into 28 patients diagnosed with strabismus. Data was obtained from the records of patients that were evaluated during 2013 in the Strabismus Unit of Rey Juan Carlos Hospital (Móstoles, Madrid, Spain) in order to assess the indications and dosage of botulinum toxin A use in strabismus, as well as its clinical effect and differences in paediatric and adult patients. The outcomes in the last visit, at least 14 months after the injections, were analysed. RESULTS: An analysis was performed on the data from 11 children, 6 females (54.5%), and 17 adults, 11 males (64%). The mean age was 4.42 ± 3.48 years and 58.71 ± 18.07 years in the children and adult groups, respectively. The majority of cases in both groups were esotropia (81.8% in children and 47.1% in adults). However the pathologies in the adult group were quite heterogeneous, including 4 patients with exotropia (26.5%), 4 with hypertropia (26.5%), and one with isolated nystagmus (5.9%). The mean number of the botulinum toxin injections in children was 1.45 ± 0.93, although 72.7% received a single injection. In the adult group, the mean number of injections was 3.27 ± 1.41. There was a statistically significant difference between pre- and post-injection in the tropia and phoria measurements in children and adults group (P<.05). In both groups there was a statistically significant improvement in post-injection torticollis when compared with the pre-injection measurement (P<.05). An improvement in the stereoacuity could be detected in 4 children. Two children (18.2%) and 5 adults (29.4%) required subsequent surgical intervention. Eight adult patients (49.1%) complained of diplopia in the primary position, which was resolved in 6 cases with toxin injection, whereas 2 needed surgery for diplopia correction. CONCLUSIONS: Botulinum toxin is a very useful tool in the management of strabismus, obtaining better sensory and motor results in children, but it is also effective as a symptomatic treatment in some types of strabismus in adults

Botulinum toxin uses in strabismus: A review of the injections performed during one year in a general hospital.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the indications, dosage and efficacy of botulinum toxin A injection performed in patients in a Strabismus Department. METHODS: In this prospective study, botulinum toxin A was injected into 28 patients diagnosed with strabismus. Data was obtained from the records of patients that were evaluated during 2013 in the Strabismus Unit of Rey Juan Carlos Hospital (Móstoles, Madrid, Spain) in order to assess the indications and dosage of botulinum toxin A use in strabismus, as well as its clinical effect and differences in paediatric and adult patients. The outcomes in the last visit, at least 14 months after the injections, were analysed. RESULTS: An analysis was performed on the data from 11 children, 6 females (54.5%), and 17 adults, 11 males (64%). The mean age was 4.42±3.48 years and 58.71±18.07 years in the children and adult groups, respectively. The majority of cases in both groups were esotropia (81.8% in children and 47.1% in adults). However the pathologies in the adult group were quite heterogeneous, including 4 patients with exotropia (26.5%), 4 with hypertropia (26.5%), and one with isolated nystagmus (5.9%). The mean number of the botulinum toxin injections in children was 1.45±0.93, although 72.7% received a single injection. In the adult group, the mean number of injections was 3.27±1.41. There was a statistically significant difference between pre- and post-injection in the tropia and phoria measurements in children and adults group (P<.05). In both groups there was a statistically significant improvement in post-injection torticollis when compared with the pre-injection measurement (P<.05). An improvement in the stereoacuity could be detected in 4 children. Two children (18.2%) and 5 adults (29.4%) required subsequent surgical intervention. Eight adult patients (49.1%) complained of diplopia in the primary position, which was resolved in 6 cases with toxin injection, whereas 2 needed surgery for diplopia correction. CONCLUSIONS: Botulinum toxin is a very useful tool in the management of strabismus, obtaining better sensory and motor results in children, but it is also effective as a symptomatic treatment in some types of strabismus in adults.

Quality of life in caregivers of children with asthma: Validity and reliability of the IFABI-R questionnaire.

BACKGROUND: Parents'/caregivers' quality of life is an important aspect to consider when handling paediatric asthma, but there is a paucity of valid and reliable instruments to measure it. The Family Impact of Childhood Bronchial Asthma (IFABI-R) is a recently developed questionnaire to facilitate the assessment of asthma-related parents'/caregivers' quality of life. This study researches the psychometric properties of IFABI-R. METHODS: Parents/main caregivers of 462 children between 4 and 14 years of age with active asthma were included in the sample. IFABI-R was administered on two different occasions and a number of other variables related to the parents'/caregivers' quality of life were measured: child's asthma control, family functioning, and parents'/caregivers' perception of asthma symptoms in the child. IFABI-R evaluative and discriminative properties were analysed, and the minimal important change in the IFABI-R score was identified. RESULTS: IFABI-R showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.941), cross-sectional construct validity (correlation with the degree of child's asthma control, family functioning and parent/caregiver perception of the child's asthma symptoms), longitudinal construct validity (correlation of changes in the IFABI-R with changes in asthma control and changes in the perception of symptoms), sensitivity to change and test-retest reliability. An absolute change of 0.3 units in IFABI-R related to a minimal significant change in the parents'/caregivers' quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: IFABI-R is a reliable and valid instrument to study the quality of life of parents/caregivers of children with asthma.

Parámetros tomográficos como factores pronóstico del resultado visual tras terapia con ranibizumab en degeneración macular neovascular asociada a la edad / Oct parameters as predictive factors for the visual outcome after ranibizumab therapy in neovascular age related macular degeneration

OBJETIVO: Evaluar parámetros morfológicos maculares determinados mediante tomografía de coherencia óptica de dominio espectral (SD-OCT) como factores predictivos de la respuesta funcional en pacientes con degeneración macular asociada a la edad (DMAE) de tipo exudativo tratados con ranibizumab. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de 47 pacientes diagnosticados de DMAE exudativa y tratados con ranibizumab intravítreo durante 12 meses. Mediante SD-OCT se evaluaron el grosor retiniano central (CRT), la extensión y el grosor de las alteraciones secundarias al proceso neovascular, y el estado de las bandas correspondientes a la membrana limitante externa (MLE) y a la región elipsoide de los fotorreceptores (ISe), analizándose por métodos estadísticos la relación entre estas variables y la agudeza visual. RESULTADOS: Al diagnóstico, la conservación de las bandas MLE e ISe y el CRT se correlaciona con la visión inicial. Doce meses después, el CRT y la visión final son parámetros independientes. Los análisis bivariante mostraron correlación entre la agudeza visual final y los siguientes parámetros: CRT inicial, estado inicial de las bandas ISe y MLE, y estado de estas tras la dosis de carga. El análisis de regresión lineal múltiple indica que la visión inicial y el estado de la banda ISe tras la fase de carga tienen valor predictivo de la visión final. CONCLUSIONES: El estado de conservación de las bandas ISe y MLE tras 12 meses de tratamiento con ranibizumab se correlaciona con el resultado visual. La agudeza visual inicial y el estado de la banda ISe tras la fase de carga son factores pronóstico de la agudeza visual final

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate macular morphological parameters measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) as predictive factors of visual outcome in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) treated with ranibizumab. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 47 patients diagnosed with exudative AMD and treated with intravitreal ranibizumab for twelve months. Central retinal thickness (CRT), extension and thickness of modifications secondary to neovascular process, and status of the bands corresponding to the external limiting membrane (ELM) and to the ellipsoid region of the photoreceptors (ISe) were evaluated by means of SD-OCT. The relationship between these variables and visual acuity was analyzed by statistical methods. RESULTS: At the time of the diagnosis, preservation of ELM and ISe bands, and CRT were correlated with initial visual acuity. Twelve months later, CRT and visual acuity were independent parameters. Bivariate relationship analysis showed a correlation between final visual acuity and the following parameters: initial CRT, initial ISe and ELM status, and ISe and ELM integrity after loading dose. Multiple regression analysis indicated that initial visual acuity and ISe band status after loading dose have a predictive value for final visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: The status of ISe and ELM bands after twelve months of treatment with ranibizumab was associated with visual outcome. Initial visual acuity and status of the ISe band after loading dose are prognostic factors of final visual acuity

[Oct parameters as predictive factors for the visual outcome after ranibizumab therapy in neovascular age related macular degeneration]. / Parámetros tomográficos como factores pronóstico del resultado visual tras terapia con ranibizumab en degeneración macular neovascular asociada a la edad.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate macular morphological parameters measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) as predictive factors of visual outcome in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) treated with ranibizumab. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 47 patients diagnosed with exudative AMD and treated with intravitreal ranibizumab for twelve months. Central retinal thickness (CRT), extension and thickness of modifications secondary to neovascular process, and status of the bands corresponding to the external limiting membrane (ELM) and to the ellipsoid region of the photoreceptors (ISe) were evaluated by means of SD-OCT. The relationship between these variables and visual acuity was analyzed by statistical methods. RESULTS: At the time of the diagnosis, preservation of ELM and ISe bands, and CRT were correlated with initial visual acuity. Twelve months later, CRT and visual acuity were independent parameters. Bivariate relationship analysis showed a correlation between final visual acuity and the following parameters: initial CRT, initial ISe and ELM status, and ISe and ELM integrity after loading dose. Multiple regression analysis indicated that initial visual acuity and ISe band status after loading dose have a predictive value for final visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: The status of ISe and ELM bands after twelve months of treatment with ranibizumab was associated with visual outcome. Initial visual acuity and status of the ISe band after loading dose are prognostic factors of final visual acuity.

Direct brain projections onto the spinal generator of ejaculation in the rat.

A spinal generator for ejaculation (SGE) has been identified in the rat that orchestrates peripheral events leading to ejaculation. Despite physiological evidence of cerebral influences exerted on the SGE, brain-descending pathways to the SGE have not been fully delineated. A tracing study combining retrograde and anterograde approaches was undertaken in adult male rats in order to identify brain sites containing neurons that directly project onto SGE neurons. Fluorogold (FG) was microinjected as a retrograde tracer into the SGE area in the central medial gray of the third lumbar (L3) spinal segment. FG-positive neurons were found in various structures in medulla oblongata, pons, and forebrain. Among the brain structures already known as participating in the brain control of ejaculation and harboring retrogradelly-labeled neurons, the ventrolateral part of the gigantocellular nucleus and the raphe pallidus/magnus in medulla oblongata as well as the lateral hypothalamus were targeted with the anterograde tracer dextran amine (DA). Galanin and substance P receptor (NK1) were used as markers of SGE neurons. DA-positive fibers and varicosities originating in the targeted brain sites were found to make close appositions with neurons expressing galanin or NK1 receptors in central medial gray of L3-L4 spinal segments. This study provides new insights regarding the anatomical support for the brain control of ejaculation via direct influences onto the SGE.

Síndrome de Charles Bonnet desencadenado por brimonidina / Charles Bonnet syndrome precipitated by brimonidine

Caso clínico: Mujer de 81 años con degeneración macular y glaucoma pseudoexfoliativo. Poco después de iniciar tratamiento con brimonidina, la paciente presentó alucinaciones visuales (caras, flores y marcos). La exploración neurológica y psiquiátrica era normal. Retiramos la brimonidina y las alucinaciones desaparecieron 10 días después. Discusión: El síndrome de Charles Bonnet (SCB) consiste en alucinaciones visuales complejas en pacientes ancianos con un deterioro de visión significativo sin alteraciones psiquiátricas. Es importante el conocimiento del SCB por parte de los oftalmólogos. Debemos tratar la enfermedad visual y tener en cuenta el posible desarrollo del SCB en pacientes tratados con brimonidina (AU)

Case report: An 81-year-old woman with age-related macular degeneration and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma developed visual hallucinations (faces, flowers and frames) shortly after beginning brimonidine drops. Neurologic and psychiatric examination was normal. Visual hallucinations disappeared within 10 days after discontinuing the drug. Discussion: The Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) is characterised by complex visual hallucinations in elderly patients in the setting of significant visual impairment without any psychiatric symptoms. Awareness of CBS among ophthalmologist is essential. Clinicians should treat visual impairment and be aware of possible visual hallucinations in patients treated with brimonidine (AU)

[Charles Bonnet syndrome precipitated by brimonidine]. / Síndrome de Charles Bonnet desencadenado por brimonidina.

CASE REPORT: An 81-year-old woman with age-related macular degeneration and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma developed visual hallucinations (faces, flowers and frames) shortly after beginning brimonidine drops. Neurologic and psychiatric examination was normal. Visual hallucinations disappeared within 10 days after discontinuing the drug. DISCUSSION: The Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) is characterised by complex visual hallucinations in elderly patients in the setting of significant visual impairment without any psychiatric symptoms. Awareness of CBS among ophthalmologist is essential. Clinicians should treat visual impairment and be aware of possible visual hallucinations in patients treated with brimonidine.

[Corneal chrysiasis. Gold salt deposits in the cornea in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. An analysis with confocal microscopy]. / Crisiasis corneal. Depósitos corneales de sales de oro en paciente con artritis reumatoide. Análisis con microscopía confocal.

CASE REPORT: A 60-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis of 20 years onset, on treatment with monthly intramuscular gold salts (GS) for the last 7 years. She complained of suffering from halo vision, and the examination showed a visual acuity of 0.6 in both eyes (BE). The slit lamp showed some deposits in the stroma with scattered golden granulated, without any further inflammatory reaction. DISCUSSION: GS deposits are dose-dependent and reversible, although very slowly. In this article, we introduce, for the first time, evidence of deposits of GS in all layers of the cornea, predominantly in the corneal stroma and in the endothelium.

Crisiasis corneal. Depósitos corneales de sales de oro en paciente con artritis reumatoide. Análisis con microscopía confocal / Corneal chrysiasis. Gold salt deposits in the cornea in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. An analysis with confocal microscopy

Caso clínico: Mujer de 60 años de edad con artritis reumatoide de veinte años de evolución, en tratamiento con sales de oro (SO) intramusculares mensuales en los últimos 7 años. Refería visión de halos y presentaba una agudeza visual de 0,6 en ambos ojos (AO) y en la lámpara de hendidura destacaban depósitos en el estroma central de AO de material granulado dorado disperso y sin reacción inflamatoria. Se realizó estudio con microscopía confocal. Discusión: Los depósitos de SO son dosis-dependientes y reversibles aunque de forma muy lenta. En este trabajo se presenta por primera vez la evidencia de los depósitos de SO en todas las capas de la córnea, de predominio en el estroma y endotelio corneales (AU)

Case report: A 60-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis of 20 years onset, on treatment with monthly intramuscular gold salts (GS) for the last 7 years. She complained of suffering from halo vision, and the examination showed a visual acuity of 0.6 in both eyes (BE). The slit lamp showed some deposits in the stroma with scattered golden granulated, without any further inflammatory reaction. Discussion: GS deposits are dose-dependent and reversible, although very slowly. In this article, we introduce, for the first time, evidence of deposits of GS in all layers of the cornea, predominantly in the corneal stroma and in the endothelium (AU)

Therapeutic management of epithelial ovarian cancer during pregnancy

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) during pregnancy is a rare condition. The diagnosis and treatment strategies are therefore not well defined. The evidence is scarce and limited to small case reports or case series. In this review we describe the safety, utility and limitations of each diagnostic tool and surgical procedure in pregnant women with ovarian cancer. We also discuss the role of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer during pregnancy. Finally, we delineate different strategies of treatment according to the stage of the disease at diagnosis and gestational age. Due to the complexity of the management of EOC during pregnancy, patients should be referred to specialized centers. Gestational age at diagnosis, the initial surgical procedure, disease stage and patient's preferences are the key factors in the decision-making process to establish the best treatment strategy for each individual case (AU)

Therapeutic management of epithelial ovarian cancer during pregnancy.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) during pregnancy is a rare condition. The diagnosis and treatment strategies are therefore not well defined. The evidence is scarce and limited to small case reports or case series. In this review we describe the safety, utility and limitations of each diagnostic tool and surgical procedure in pregnant women with ovarian cancer. We also discuss the role of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer during pregnancy. Finally, we delineate different strategies of treatment according to the stage of the disease at diagnosis and gestational age. Due to the complexity of the management of EOC during pregnancy, patients should be referred to specialized centers. Gestational age at diagnosis, the initial surgical procedure, disease stage and patient's preferences are the key factors in the decision-making process to establish the best treatment strategy for each individual case.

[Pupillary block acute glaucoma due to acrylic intraocular lens posterior dislocation after Nd:YAG capsulotomy]. / Glaucoma agudo por bloqueo pupilar secundario a luxación posterior de lente acrílica intraocular tras capsulotomia Nd:YAG.

CASE REPORT: We present the clinical case of a 68 year-old woman who developed a pupillary block acute glaucoma due to vitreous hernia into anterior chamber following posterior dislocation of the intraocular lens one month after an Nd:YAG capsulotomy. DISCUSSION: We should consider these symptoms in the differential diagnosis of pseudophakic acute glaucoma, especially when visualisation of the anterior chamber is difficult due to corneal oedema and Nd:YAG capsulotomy was done.

Glaucoma agudo por bloqueo pupilar secundario a luxación posterior de lente acrílica intraocular tras capsulotomia Nd: YAG / Pupillary block acute glaucoma due to acrylic intraocular lens posterior dislocation AFTER Nd: YAG capsulotomy

Caso clínico: Se describe el caso clínico de una mujer de 68 años que presentó un glaucoma agudo secundario a un bloqueo pupilar por herniación vítrea a cámara anterior tras luxación de la lente intraocular a cámara vítrea un mes después de capsulotomía Nd:YAG.DiscusiónSe debe considerar este cuadro clínico en el diagnóstico diferencial del glaucoma agudo seudofáquico, especialmente si existe el antecedente de capsulotomía Nd:YAG y el edema corneal impide una correcta visualización de la cámara anterior (AU)

Case report: We present the clinical case of a 68 year-old woman who developed a pupillary block acute glaucoma due to vitreous hernia into anterior chamber following posterior dislocation of the intraocular lens one month after an Nd:YAG capsulotomy.DiscussionWe should consider these symptoms in the differential diagnosis of pseudophakic acute glaucoma, especially when visualisation of the anterior chamber is difficult due to corneal oedema and Nd:YAG capsulotomy was done (AU)

Diez años de AEPap. Parte IV. Un proyecto de futuro / No disponible

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