[Lymphatic axillary metastasis in cancer of the breast]. / Metástasis ganglionar axilar del cáncer de mama.

From 1978 at the Gynecology service of the Hospital Civil of Guadalajara we conducted a study with 50 patients with breast cancer in which we related the size tumor with some risk factors of breast cancer with axilar ganglionar metastasis. The average size of the tumor was 4.9 cm, 21 patients (42%) had evidence of ganglionar axilar metastasis, 64% were located in the upper-outer quadrant, the average age was 52.7 years, 52% were pre-menopausic, 20% had backgrounds of bening disease of the breast and 20% had familiar backgrounds of breast cancer. 31.8% of the tumors from 2-4 cm had axillar metastasis vs 52.2% of tumors from the upper-outer quadrant and 80% from the upper-outer and inner quadrant had axillar metastasis. Only in 33.3% of the patients under 40 years old, axillar metastasis was found. The hormonal state, the background of bening disease and familiar backgrounds of breast cancer had no relationship with the incidence of axillar ganglionar metastasis. In conclusion, axillar ganglionar metastasis has a direct relation with the size of the breast tumor and its location.

[Primary invasive carcinoma of the vagina and 3d degree genital prolapse. Presentation of a case]. / Carcinoma primario invasivo de vagina y prolapso genital de tercer grado. Presentación de un caso.

Primary carcinoma invading vagina is a rare entity, and more so, being associated to genital prolapse. A case of primary carcinoma invading vagina, with a third degree genital prolapse, observed ar the Gynecology Service, Hospital Civil de Especialidades (University of Guadalajara), is presented. It was studied from the clinical and paraclinical viewpoint, as well as the used treatment. Frequency, etiology, age, histology, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment, are commented upon.

[Abnormal cervical cytology. Management without colposcope]. / Citología cervical anormal. Manejo sin colposcopio.

From 1980 to 1987 we analyzed prospectively 30 cases of abnormal cytology at the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara without colposcopy. We practice cervical biopsy with Schiller test and according to result we practiced cervical conization. The cytologic results analyzed were: class V 20 (66.6%), class IV 6 (20%), persistent class III 2 (6.6%) and class II with clinical lesion suspicious of cancer 2 (6.6%). From all the patients, in 12 (40%) we found invasive cancer so that we didn't practice conization; in 10 patients (33.3%) we found the same results in the biopsies that in the conization, but in 8 patients (26.6%) the conization results were worse than the biopsies. We had one cytology class V false positive.

[Mucinous carcinoma of the breast. An analysis of 12 cases]. / Carcinoma mucinoso de mama. Análisis de 12 casos.

From 1975 to 1985 we review 12 cases of mucinous carcinoma of the breast in the "Hospital Civil de Guadalajara" and we found: one in the male sex and 11 in female. The mean age was 53 years 4 (36.3%) were nulliparas, the period between the star of symptomatology and the treatment was of 3 months to 6 years, 50% were in the upperexternal quadrant, the size was of 2 to 20 cm; 5 were pure mucinous and 7 mixed (with ductal invasive carcinoma), metastasis were presenting 9 patients and the treatment utilized in the majority of the cases was the radical mastectomy.

Uretroplastia. Informe de dos casos. / Urethroplasty. Report of 2 cases

Se reporta un caso de fistula uretrovaginal que toma los dos tercios posteriores de la uretra y otro con destruccion total de piso de la uretra e incontinencia urinaria, revisando la literatura al respecto Se ha reportado el uso del musculo bulbocavernoso como una de las tecnicas con las cuales se tiene mas exito, asi como la incision en "U"; se modifico la tecnica de Te Linde aplicando este injerto. Debe intentarse el reforzamiento primario del angulo uretrovesical posterior primariamente Ha resultado beneficiosa la cistosomia suprabubica para drenaje. Es necesario observar los cuidados pre y post-operatorios administrar estrogenos (postmenopausicos), antibioticos, vitaminas A, C y D y practicar una tecnica quirurgica meticulosa

Metastasis linfaticas en carcinoma de ceriz estadio I. / Lymphatic metastasis in cervical carcinoma stage I

Se efectuo una revision de 50 casos de carcinoma cervical mediante operacion de Werthein Meigs, en el Servicio de Ginecologia del Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, con el objeto de estima la frecuencia de ganglios positivos estadio IB.Se encontro invasion linfatica en el 30.2 por ciento de los casos. En las pacientes mayores (51 a 60 anos) la invasion a ganglios fue menos frecuente (14 por ciento).El carcinoma epidermoide correspondio al 96 por ciento y el adenocarcinoma al 2 por ciento de los casos. En el estadio IA no hubo invasion a ganglios. Consideramos que el tratamiento del carcinoma cervical en estadio IB debe ser quirurgico a menos que exista alguna contraindicacion para la cirugia