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2.
Clin Transl Radiat Oncol ; 39: 100590, 2023 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36935854

RESUMO

Head and neck radiotherapy induces important toxicity, and its efficacy and tolerance vary widely across patients. Advancements in radiotherapy delivery techniques, along with the increased quality and frequency of image guidance, offer a unique opportunity to individualize radiotherapy based on imaging biomarkers, with the aim of improving radiation efficacy while reducing its toxicity. Various artificial intelligence models integrating clinical data and radiomics have shown encouraging results for toxicity and cancer control outcomes prediction in head and neck cancer radiotherapy. Clinical implementation of these models could lead to individualized risk-based therapeutic decision making, but the reliability of the current studies is limited. Understanding, validating and expanding these models to larger multi-institutional data sets and testing them in the context of clinical trials is needed to ensure safe clinical implementation. This review summarizes the current state of the art of machine learning models for prediction of head and neck cancer radiotherapy outcomes.

3.
Rev Med Suisse ; 18(804): 2134-2142, 2022 Nov 16.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36382973

RESUMO

Despite technical improvements concerning lung irradiation modalities, radiation-induced pneumonitis remains a usual complication, notably in the field of lung cancer treatment. This complication may remain asymptomatic but can also lead to respiratory distress. Thus, a low degree of suspicion and a comprehensive work-up is mandatory to evaluate the indication for specific treatment. In this article, we discuss the hypothesized pathophysiologic pathways, risk factors, clinical/radiological presentation and management.


Malgré les améliorations des techniques d'irradiation à l'étage thoracique, la pneumopathie radique (PpR) reste une complication fréquente, en particulier dans le cadre du traitement du cancer pulmonaire. Cette complication, qu'elle soit précoce ou tardive, peut demeurer silencieuse ou causer une détresse respiratoire potentiellement fatale. C'est pourquoi un faible degré de suspicion est nécessaire, de manière à débuter précocement un bilan d'investigation et décider de l'indication à un traitement spécifique. Dans cet article, nous discutons des hypothèses pathophysiologiques qui sous-tendent la PpR, des facteurs de risque de survenue, de la présentation clinique et radiologique, ainsi que de sa prise en charge.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares , Pneumonia , Pneumonite por Radiação , Humanos , Pneumonite por Radiação/diagnóstico , Pneumonite por Radiação/epidemiologia , Pneumonite por Radiação/etiologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/radioterapia , Pulmão , Fatores de Risco , Pneumonia/diagnóstico , Pneumonia/epidemiologia , Pneumonia/etiologia
4.
Rev Med Suisse ; 18(784): 1125-1133, 2022 Jun 01.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35647751

RESUMO

This review of the literature provides an overview of the combination of stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in oligo-progressive non-small cell lung neoplasia. This combination showed local control of 76-100% and distant response rates of 8-60%. They reported progression-free survival of 2.7-24 months and overall survival of 13.4-41.2 months. All-grade toxicity rates ranged from 0% to 42%, with grade≥3 toxicity ranging from 0% to 14%. The combination of SBRT with ICI or TKIs exhibits a safe profile with high rates of local control with this combination. This could delay the use of a new line of systemic therapy in these patients with often limited therapeutic resources.


Cette revue de la littérature réalise un état des lieux de l'association de la radiothérapie stéréotaxique (SBRT) aux inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire (IPCI) et inhibiteurs de la tyrosine kinase (ITK) dans les néoplasies pulmonaires non à petites cellules en oligoprogression. Cette association montrait un contrôle local entre 76 et 100 % et un taux de réponse à distance entre 8 et 60 %. Elle était associée à une survie sans progression de 2,7 à 24 mois et une survie globale de 13,4 à 41,2 mois. Les taux de toxicité tous grades confondus étaient de 0 à 42 %, dont ceux de grade ≥ 3 entre 0 et 14 %. L'association de la SBRT aux IPCI ou ITK arbore un profil de sécurité avec des taux élevés de contrôle local avec cette combinaison. Cela pourrait retarder le recours à une nouvelle ligne de traitement systémique chez ces patients aux ressources thérapeutiques souvent limitées.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Radiocirurgia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/radioterapia , Humanos , Pulmão , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/radioterapia
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