Risk of morcellation of uterine leiomyosarcomas in laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy and laparoscopic myomectomy, a retrospective trial including 4791 women.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of uterine leiomyosarcomas (LMSs). To identify the risk of morcellating LMS in a gynecological department that offers laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (LSH) and laparoscopic myomectomy as primary surgical treatments. DESIGN: A retrospective trial. DESIGN CLASSIFICATION: Canadian Task Force Classification III. SETTING: Norwegian university teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Women diagnosed with uterine LMS and the total population of women who were referred for surgical treatment of uterine fibroids from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2013. INTERVENTIONS: Surgical treatment of fibroids, including LSH, abdominal supracervical hysterectomy, total laparoscopic hysterectomy, total abdominal hysterectomy, laparoscopic myomectomy, and hysteroscopic resection of fibroids. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A total of 4791 women were included in this trial; 1957 laparoscopic procedures were performed, and a morcellator was used in 1846 of the procedures. Twenty-six women were diagnosed with uterine LMS specimens after surgery. The mean ± SD age of women with LMS was 61.2 ± 12.3 years, and the mean ± SD of the tumor size at time of diagnosis was 90.9 ± 45.4 mm. Of these 26 women, 6 were diagnosed with uterine LMS by endometrial biopsy before surgical treatment, and 14 women were treated by open hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy due to a clinical preoperative suspicion of a malignant condition. Consequently, 6 women with uterine LMS were treated according to the protocol for anticipated benign fibroids. Five of these women underwent laparotomy due to tumor size. LSH was performed in 1 woman, and a morcellator was used for tissue extraction. The incidence of uterine LMS in the population of women referred for anticipated benign fibroids was 0.0054 (1 in 183 women). The rate of unintended morcellation of a LMS at our department between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2013 was 0.0002 (1 in 4791 women). CONCLUSION: The incidence of uterine LMS was comparable with the incidence reported in the literature. The risk of unintended morcellation of uterine LMS after a preoperative selection of women with fibroids appears to be very low.

Pelvic pain and patient satisfaction after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy: prospective trial.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the occurrence and intensity of cyclic pelvic pain and patient satisfaction after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy and to explore the effect of the procedure on pelvic pain relief in women with perioperative detection of endometriosis and in women with histologic confirmation of adenomyosis. DESIGN: Prospective observational study with 12-month follow-up after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: University teaching hospital in Norway. PATIENTS: One hundred thirteen premenopausal women with preoperative cyclic pelvic pain treated via laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy. INTERVENTIONS: Study participants underwent laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy and were followed up at the outpatient clinic at 12 months after the procedure. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The main outcomes were occurrence, intensity, and reduction of cyclic pelvic pain and patient satisfaction measured using an ordinal and a visual analog scale at 12 months after the procedure. Of the 113 women included in the study, 8 were lost to follow-up. Consequently, 105 women (92.9%) were followed up at 12 months after surgery. All women had cyclic pelvic pain preoperatively, but only 34 (32.4%) experienced this pain at 12 months after the procedure. The intensity of pelvic pain was reduced from a mean (SD) of 5.5 (2.4) preoperatively to 0.7 (1.5) at 12 months after the procedure on a visual analog scale of 0 to 10 (p < .01). Endometriosis was diagnosed perioperatively in 14 women (12.4 %), and adenomyosis was confirmed at histologic analysis in 19 (18.1%). In women with perioperative detection of endometriosis or histologic confirmation of adenomyosis, there were no significant differences in main outcomes at 12 months after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy when compared with women without these diagnoses. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy is associated with high patient satisfaction and reduces cyclic pelvic pain to a minimum by 12 months after the procedure.

Laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy performed with and without excision of the endocervix: a randomized controlled trial.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the occurrence of vaginal bleeding and patient satisfaction 12 months after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy performed with and without excision of the endocervix. DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial. DESIGN CLASSIFICATION: Canadian Task Force Classification I. SETTING: Norwegian university teaching hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred forty consecutive premenopausal women referred for hysterectomy on the basis of a benign condition. INTERVENTIONS: The study participants were randomized to standard laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (n = 70) or laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy with excision of the endocervix in a reverse cone pattern (n = 70). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The main outcome measures were the occurrence of vaginal bleeding and patient satisfaction 12 months after the procedure. One hundred thirty women (92.3%) were followed up according to the study protocol. In total, 43 women (33.1%) reported bleeding episodes during the first 12 months after the laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy; 22 (16.9 %) of these women had cyclic bleeding. All reported bleeding episodes were minimal. Patient satisfaction after the hysterectomy was very high with a mean visual analog score (on a scale of 0-10) of 9.3 (standard deviation = 1.4). There were no significant differences between the 2 treatment groups regarding the main outcomes 12 months after the procedure. CONCLUSION: The patient satisfaction after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy is very high. Episodes of minimal vaginal bleeding after the procedure are relatively common, but such bleeding does not affect patient satisfaction. Removal of the endocervix by reverse conization during laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy appears to have no effect in terms of reduced bleeding or improved patient satisfaction.