O Uso de Métodos de Avaliação do Estado Nutricional e Cálculo de Necessidade Energética por Nutricionistas em Dois Hospitais Públicos do Rio de Janeiro / The Use of Nutritional Status Evaluation and Energy Needs Calculation Methods by Nutritionists in Two Public Hospitals of Rio de Janeiro

Introdução: O estado nutricional e a avaliação do gasto metabólico têm impacto significativo na evolução clínica dos pacientes. Objetivo: Identificar quais métodos de avaliação do estado nutricional e o cálculo da necessidade energética têm sido eleitos na prática clínica de nutricionistas, conhecendo os motivos que influenciaram suas escolhas. Metodologia: Aplicou- -se um questionário semiestruturado, com perguntas quanti e qualitativas, por meio do autopreenchimento. Resultados: A maioria dos entrevistados era do gênero feminino, formados em instituições públicas, com formação complementar. O principal local de atuação foi a internação e o único equipamento comum a todos foi a balança. Os métodos escolhidos por 100% dos profissionais foram o IMC e o método Kcal/Kg de peso. Conclusão: Apesar do conhecimento teórico-prático de diferentes métodos de avaliação nutricional e do cálculo da necessidade energética houve preferência pelos de maior facilidade e praticidade, havendo pouco reconhecimento de suas limitações. Entre os motivos para tais escolhas destacam-se a falta de equipamentos e o número de profissionais por enfermaria. (AU)

Introduction: Nutritional status and the evaluation of metabolic expenditure have a significant impact on the clinical evolution of patients. Objective: To identify which nutritional status and energy need assessment methods have been chosen in the clinical practice of nutritionists, knowing the possible reasons that influenced their choices. Methodology: For the study, a semi-structured questionnaire was developed, with quanti and qualitative questions and the data was collected through self-completion. Results: Most of the interviewees were female, graduated in public institutions and all of them had made complementary studies. The main place of work of the professionals was the hospitalization and the only equipment present common to all nutritionists was the scale. The chosen methods by 100% were the BMI and the Kcal/Kg body weight method. Conclusion: Despite the theoretical and practical knowledge of different methods of nutritional assessment and calculation of the energy requirement, there was a preference for the easiest and most practical methods, with little recognition of their limitations. Other reasons include the lack of equipment and the number of professionals per ward. (AU)

Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Seed Extract Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Lung Carcinoma Cells.

Açai fruit has been studied for its antioxidant properties, with positive feedback against many diseases, including cancer. Although açai seeds are not edible, their composition has been studied in order to find new applications and reduce garbage generation. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects and impacts on the cell cycle and apoptosis of açai seed extract (ASE) on human lung carcinoma cell line (A549). Antioxidant activity of açai seed extract (ASE) was measured by DPPH assay, Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (ABTS/TEAC), Ferric Reducing Ability (FRAP) and Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. Human lung carcinoma cell viability (A549) was monitored by MTT assay method and the effects on cell cycle and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. The results indicate high antioxidant activity in ASE and high values of total phenolic compounds (37.08 ± 8.56 g gallic acid/100 g). The MTT assay showed a maximum decrease (72.07%) in the viability of A549 cells after 48 h treatment with ASE (200 µg/mL). Flow cytometer analysis revealed that ASE increased the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase and promoted a high increase of apoptotic cells when compared to the untreated cells. The present study suggests that ASE has a high antioxidant capacity and may have a protective effect against lung cancer.