A 12-month follow-up study of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus after immunization against SARS-CoV-2.

OBJECTIVE: To identify all post-BNT162b2 vaccination (BioNTech and Pfizer) events during the ensuing 12 months in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) from the Immuno-Rheumatology Department at Cayetano Heredia Hospital's cohort, Lima, Perú. METHODS: A 12-month follow-up study was conducted from the first dose of immunization with the BNT162b2 vaccine, which was given between May and June 2021, to SLE patients from this cohort. RESULTS: The initial population was constituted by 100 patients (100 patients received the 1st dose, 90 the 2nd dose, and 85 the 3rd dose of this vaccine); 33 patients presented a SLE reactivation (flare), 9% (9/100) post 1st dose, 26.6% (24/90) post 2nd dose, and 16.4% (14/85) post 3rd dose. The most common types of flare were articular (26) and renal (14) with 5/33 (15.1%) requiring hospitalization for flare management. A negative association with flare occurrence was found between the use of hydroxychloroquine RR 0.43 (0.21-0.85) and the opposite was the case for azathioprine RR 2.70 (1.39-5.25). During follow-up, 26 patients developed SARS-CoV-2 infection of whom three required hospitalization, one of whom died. CONCLUSIONS: 33 of 100 SLE patients immunized with BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, presented SLE flares (47 episodes in total); 5 of these patients required in-hospital management and all fully recovered; 26 patients had SARS-CoV-2 infection; three required hospitalization, one died.

Side effects and flares risk after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

The objective of this study is to identify post SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BNT162b2 (BioNTech & Pfizer) side effects in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) at the Cayetano Heredia Hospital, Lima, Peru. A descriptive observational study was designed in patients with SLE at the Immuno-Rheumatology Department of the Cayetano Heredia Hospital, Lima, Peru, immunized with the BNT162b2 vaccine from May 21 to June 30, 2021. Of the total number of patients seen in the service, 100 received the vaccine's 1st dose, and 90 patients received the 2nd dose; 90% and 92.2% presented symptoms within 10 days after immunization (1st and 2nd doses, respectively), being pain at the inoculation site the most frequent (87%); most of the symptoms presented were of mild intensity. There were 27 episodes of post-immunization flare, 9% and 20% after the 1st and 2nd doses, respectively; the predominant type of flare was articular (85.1%), followed by dermal (18.5%). It was found that a history of renal involvement was associated with the risk of developing flare RR 0.38 (0.15-0.91) and the use of hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine prior to immunization 0.20 (0.06-0.63) and 7.96 (2.70-23.43) respectively. In 100 SLE patients immunized with BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, 27% of SLE reactivation episodes occurred, two patients were hospitalized for flare severity, and none died. Key Points • Up to 92.2% presented some type of symptom after vaccination, being mostly local and of mild intensity. • Of the population studied, there were 27 episodes of post-vaccination flare, most of which were mild. • In the studied population, taking hydroxychloroquine and having a history of renal disease were associated with a lower risk of presenting post-vaccination flare.

Efficacy and safety of switching from rituximab to biosimilar CT-P10 in rheumatoid arthritis: 72-week data from a randomized Phase 3 trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of CT-P10, a rituximab biosimilar after a single switch, during a multinational, randomized, double-blind Phase 3 trial involving patients with RA. METHODS: Patients received 48 weeks' treatment with CT-P10 or United States- or European Union-sourced reference rituximab (US-RTX and EU-RTX, respectively). Patients entering the extension period (weeks 48-72) remained on CT-P10 (CT-P10/CT-P10; n = 122) or US-RTX (US-RTX/US-RTX; n = 64), or switched to CT-P10 from US-RTX (US-RTX/CT-P10; n = 62) or EU-RTX (EU-RTX/CT-P10; n = 47) for an additional course. Efficacy endpoints included Disease Activity Score using 28 joints (DAS28), American College of Rheumatology (ACR) response rates, and quality of life-related parameters. Pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity and safety were also assessed. RESULTS: At week 72, similar improvements were observed by disease activity parameters including DAS28 and ACR response rate in the four extension period treatment groups. Quality of life improvements at week 72 vs baseline were similarly shown during the extension period in all groups. Newly developed anti-drug antibodies were detected in two patients following study drug infusion in the extension period. Similar pharmacodynamic and safety profiles were observed across groups. CONCLUSION: Long-term use of CT-P10 up to 72 weeks was effective and well tolerated. Furthermore, switching from reference rituximab to CT-P10 in RA was well tolerated and did not result in any clinically meaningful differences in terms of efficacy, pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity and safety. TRAIL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, http://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02149121.

Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Biosimilar CT-P10 Versus Innovator Rituximab in Rheumatoid Arthritis: 48-Week Results from a Randomized Phase III Trial.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate long-term clinical outcomes of extended treatment with CT-P10, a rituximab biosimilar, compared with rituximab reference products sourced from the USA and the EU (US-RTX and EU-RTX) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for up to 48 weeks. METHODS: In this multinational, randomized, double-blind trial, adults with active RA received up to two courses of CT-P10, US-RTX, or EU-RTX alongside methotrexate. Efficacy endpoints included Disease Activity Score 28-joint count (DAS28) and American College of Rheumatology (ACR) response rates. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, and safety were also assessed. RESULTS: Of 372 patients randomized to the study drug, 330 (88.7%) completed the second treatment course. Mean change from baseline to week 48 in DAS28-C-reactive protein was comparable in the CT-P10 and combined rituximab (US-RTX and EU-RTX) groups (- 2.7 and - 2.6, respectively). ACR20, ACR50, and ACR70 response rates at week 48 indicated no differences between groups (80.6%, 55.4%, and 31.7% vs. 79.8%, 53.9%, and 33.7% in the CT-P10 and combined rituximab groups, respectively). Similar improvements in the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index and all medical outcomes in the Short Form 36-Item Health Survey, including physical and mental health, were seen in all groups. At week 48, antidrug antibodies were detected in 4.9%, 9.4%, and 8.6% of patients in the CT-P10, US-RTX, and EU-RTX groups, respectively. CT-P10 and rituximab displayed similar pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and safety profiles. CONCLUSION: CT-P10 was similar to EU-RTX and US-RTX in terms of efficacy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, and safety up to week 48. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV IDENTIFIER: NCT02149121.

Comparison of biosimilar CT-P10 and innovator rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled Phase 3 trial.

This multinational, randomized, double-blind trial, (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02149121) was designed to demonstrate equivalence in pharmacokinetics and efficacy between CT-P10 and innovator rituximab (RTX) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Adults with active RA were treated with CT-P10, United States-sourced RTX (US-RTX; Rituxan®), or European Union-sourced RTX (EU-RTX; MabThera®) at weeks 0 and 2. The co-primary pharmacokinetic endpoints were area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC) from time zero to last measurable concentration (AUC0-last), AUC from time zero to infinity (AUC0-∞), and maximum concentration (Cmax) after two infusions. The primary efficacy endpoint was change from baseline to week 24 in Disease Activity Score using 28 joints-C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP). Pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, and safety were also assessed. 372 patients were randomly assigned to CT-P10 (n = 161) or RTX (n = 211 [US-RTX, n = 151; EU-RTX, n = 60]). For the co-primary pharmacokinetic endpoints, 90% confidence intervals (CI) for ratios of geometric means (CT-P10/US-RTX, CT-P10/EU-RTX or EU-RTX/US-RTX) all fell within the equivalence margin of 80-125%. Adjusted least squares (LS) mean (standard error) change from baseline in DAS28-CRP at week 24 was -2.13 (0.175) for CT-P10 and -2.09 (0.176) for RTX. The 95% CI (-0.29, 0.21) of the estimated treatment difference between CT-P10 and RTX (-0.04) was entirely within the efficacy equivalence margin of ±0.5. Pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, and safety profiles were similar for CT-P10 and RTX. The pharmacokinetics of CT-P10, US-RTX, and EU-RTX were equivalent. CT-P10 and RTX were also equivalent in terms of efficacy and displayed similar pharmacodynamic, immunogenicity, and safety profiles up to week 24.

Frecuencia de sintomatología ansiosa y sus factores relacionados en mujeres con artritis reumatoide en un hospital general de Lima / Frequency of anxious symptomatology and related factors in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis in a general hospital in Lima.

Objetivo: Estudiar la frecuencia de sintomatología ansiosa y los factores relacionados a ésta en mujeres con artritis reumatoide (AR) que acuden a un hospital general de Lima. Métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes mujeres con AR a quienes se les aplicó una ficha con las variables sociodemográficas, la escala visual analógica (EVA) para medir intensidad de dolor, el Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (M-HAQ)para evaluar discapacidad funcional y una escala de ansiedad (EA-72) construida y validada en el Perú para determinar presencia o ausencia de ansiedad clínicamente significativa. Resultados: Se encontraron 68 pacientes con ansiedad clínicamente significativa (46,57%) entre las 146 pacientes evaluadas. El análisis multivariado mostró que la discapacidad funcional con puntaje de M-HAQ > 2(OR = 6,89) y el dolor > 5cm según la EVA (OR = 3,27) fueron factores relacionados a ansiedad clínicamente significativa en las pacientes con AR mientras que el grado de instrucción superior (OR = 0,25) fue un factor protector. Conclusiones: Este estudio muestra que una alta proporción de pacientes con AR presenta ansiedad clínicamente significativa y que ésta se relaciona con la discapacidad funcional, el dolor y un menor grado de instrucción.

Objectives: To study the frequency of anxiety symptomatology and related factors in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a general hospital in Lima. Methods: Female patients with RA were included. We administered a questionnaire to evaluate socio-demographic data, the visual analogue scale (VAS) to measure pain intensity, the Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (M-HAQ) to study functional disability and an anxietyscale (EA-72) constructed and validated in Peru to determine the presence or absence of clinically significant anxiety. Results: 68 subjects with clinically significant anxiety (46.57%) were found among 146 RA patients. Multivariate analysis showed that functional disability with a score of M-HAQ > 2 (OR = 6.89) and pain > 5 cm according to VAS (OR = 3.27) were factors related to anxiety in patients with RA while the high educational level (OR=0.25) was a protective factor. Conclusions: This study shows that a high percentage of RA patients had clinically significant anxiety and that it was related tofunctional disability, pain and a lower educational level.

Fibromialgia: Un diagnóstico que debe ser oportuno / Fibromyalgia: A diagnosis that must be opportune

La Fibromialgia (FM) es una entidad caracterizada por dolor musculo esquelético difuso crónico que afecta mayormente mujeres entre los 30-50 años de edad. Además del dolor difuso los pacientes con FM presentan con frecuencia trastornos del sueño, depresión y fatiga. El manejo es no farmacológico (psicoterapia principalmente) y farmacológico, los antidepresivos juegan un rol importante y entre ellos dos inhibidores duales de la recaptación de serotonina y noradrenalina como la duloxetina y minalcipran han sido aprobados por la FDA de EEUU para el control del dolor crónico. Asimismo, drogas usadas para dolor neuropático y convulsiones también han mostrado eficacia en el tratamiento del dolor difuso crónico, una de ellas la pregabalina también ha sido aprobada por la FDA de EEUU para el tratamiento de FM. Cada vez, se reconoce con mayor frecuencia esta enfermedad, sin embargo aún falta difundir su cuadro clínico y principales comorbilidades asociadas entre los médicos del primer nivel de atención, para que su diagnóstico sea oportuno y el tratamiento lo más eficaz posible para mejorar la calidad de vida de estos pacientes. (AU)

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a condition characterized by chronic diffuse musculoskeletal pain that affects mostly women between 30-50 years of age. In addition patients with fibromyalgia often present sleep disorders, depression and fatigue. The management is pharmacological and not pharmacological (mainly psychotherapy); antidepressants play an important role and including two dual inhibitor of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake as duloxetine and minalcipran that have been approved by the FDA in USA, for the control of chronic pain. Also, drugs used for neuropathic pain and seizures have shown efficacy in the treatment of chronic widespread pain, pregabalin has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of FM. Each time, this disease is recognized more frequently; however, yet to spread its clinical picture and main comorbidities among physicians from primary care, to the diagnosis and appropriate treatment is as effective as possible to improve the quality of life of these patients. (AU)

Manifestaciones musculo-esqueléticas en pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica / Muscle skeletal manifestations in patients on chronic hemodyalisis

Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia y describir las manifestaciones musculoesqueléticas (MME) en pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica (HDC). Material y métodos: Es una serie de casos. Se incluyeron 68 pacientes con edad ≥ 18 años, en HDC ≥ 6 meses, del Centro de Hemodiálisis de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Los datos demográficos, clínicos, tiempo en hemodiálisis, dosis de diálisis e ingesta proteica, y calcio, fósforo y fosfatasa alcalina séricos fueron obtenidos de las historias clínicas, en 38 pacientes se determinó PTH sérico y a 37 pacientes se les realizó densitometría ósea como parte de su evaluación. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 52,1 ± 22,1 años, el 52,9% fueron mayores de 60 años, el tiempo en HDC 21,6 ± 17 meses, la nefropatía diabética fue la etiología más frecuente. El 73,5% de los pacientes presentaron MME. La artrosis y la lumbalgia fueron las más frecuentes. La artrosis se relacionó con edad >60 años (66,7% vs. 12,5%; p=0,000) y la presencia de diabetes mellitus (DM) (68,6% vs. 32,7%; p=0,010). En 64,9% de pacientes se encontró densidad mineral ósea (DMO) disminuida, 11 (29,7%) tuvieron osteoporosis y 12 (32,4%) osteopenia. Conclusión: Las MME tienen frecuencia elevada en pacientes en HDC, siendo la artrosis, la lumbalgia y la DMO disminuida las manifestaciones más frecuentes. (AU)

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of muscle skeletal (MS) manifestations in patients on chronic hemodyalisis (CH). Methods: Case series that included 68 patients with at least 18 years of age on CH for at least 6 months in the Hemodyalisis Centre of Cayetano Heredia University. Demographic data, clinical information, time on CH, dose of dyalisis and protein ingestion, calcium phosporus and alkaline phosphatase were investigated. Serum PTH was measured in 38 patients and bone mineral density was evaluated in 37 patients. Results: Mean age was 52.1 ± 22.1 years; 52.9% were above 60 years; time on CH was 21.6 ± 17 months; diabetic nephropathy was the common etiology. MS was observed in 73.5% of patients; arthrosis and lumbar pain were the most common manifestations. Arthrosis was related to age > 60 years (66.7% vs 12.5%; p=0.000) and with diabetes mellitus (68.6% vs 32.7%; p=0.010). Low bone mineral density was observed in 64.9% of patients, 11 (29.7%) had osteoporosis and 12 (32.4%) had osteopenia. Conclusions: MS manifestations are highly prevalent in patients on CH. Arthrosis, lumbar pain and low bone mineral density are the most common abnormalities in these patients. (AU)

Rituximab en el manejo de miositis refractaria: a propósito de dos casos / Rituximab in the treatment of refractory myositis: on purpose of two cases

Se presenta dos casos de miositis, uno con dermatomiositis y otro con polimiositis, que fueron refractarios al tratamiento con esteroides (prednisona y metilprednisolona) y citotóxicos (aziatropina y ciclofosfamida). Se administró rituximab y se obtuvo mejoría clínica y disminución de las actividades enzimáticas en las semanas siguientes.

It is showed two cases of miositis (one with dermatomyositis and another with polimyositis) that did not respond to treatment with steroids (prednisone and metylprednisolone) and cytotoxic drugs (azatioprine and cyclophosphamide). Rituximab was administered and a good clinical response and diminished enzymatic activities were obtained on the following weeks.

Eficacia de infliximab en uveítis severa / Efficacy of infliximab in severe uveitis

La depresión en del adulto mayor es frecuente y poco valorada. Se le considera un problema de salud pública, de prevalenVarón de 42 años que presentó una uveítis severa del ojo derecho, con hipopion, edema retinal y marcada disminución de la agudeza visual. No respondió al tratamiento tópico, esteroides y azatioprina por lo que se le administró infliximab. Se obtuvo una rápida mejoría por lo que se debe considerar este tratamiento en la uveítis severa.

A 42 year-old male patient developed severe uveitis of the right eye with hypopion, retinal edema and marked diminution of the visual acuity. He did not respond to topical treatment, steroids and azathioprine so infliximab was administered. A very good response was obtained so this kind of treatment should be considered for severe uveitis.

La mujer en la menopausia: el problema de la osteoporosis / Women in menopause: the osteoporosis problem

La osteoporosis es un problema de salud potencial en la etapa posmenopáusica. No solo disminuye la masa ósea, sino también aumenta el riesgo de fracturas, así como la morbimortalidad en estas pacientes. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante la densitometría ósea central (DXA) y su manejo es no farmacológico y mediante diversos medicamentosque actúan, ya sea inhibiendo al osteoclasto (antirresortivos) o estimulando al osteoblasto (anabólicos). Todas las pacientes deben recibir calcio y vitamina D. A su vez, la elección del medicamento a utilizar (sea antirresortivo o anabólico) variará según la paciente presente osteoporosis exclusivamente vertebral o además osteoporosis no vertebral, o si la paciente desarrolla fracturas vertebrales clínicas.

Osteoporosis is a potential health problem in the postmenopausal period. It does not only decrease bone mass but also increases fracture risk and morbidity and mortality in these patients. Diagnosis is done by central bone densitometry (DXA) and treatment is non-pharmacologic and by various drugs that either inhibit osteoclasts (anti resorptives) or stimulate osteoblasts (anabolics).All patients must receive calciumand vitamin D. Drug election (either antiresorptive or anabolic) will depend on the patient presenting exclusive vertebral osteoporosis or also non-vertebral osteoporosis, or whether the patient develops clinical vertebral fractures.

Relación entre obesidad y osteoporosis, en mujeres posmenopáusicas del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza / Relationship between obesity and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women at the Arzobispo Loayza National Hospital

Introducción: la osteoporosis es una de las enfermedades óseas metabólicas más prevalentes; su curso es crónico y conlleva a una significante morbimortalidad en pacientes de la tercera edad. Esta enfermedad se ve alterada por múltiples factores, siendo uno de ellos la obesidad, la cual, debido a su carácter epidémico, se vislumbra como un factor protector importante. Objetivos: estudios previos, realizados en países desarrollados, demuestran que la obesidad es un factor protector para la osteoporosis; sin embargo, no hay un trabajo específico, que demuestre dicha hipótesis, en mujeres peruanas. El presente trabajo pretende determinar la relación existente entre obesidad y osteoporosis, en mujeres posmenopáusicas que acudieron al Servicio de Reumatología del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza (Lima, Perú) entre 1997 y el 2000. Material y métodos: el diseño empleado fue un estudio pareado de tipo caso y control, con muestreo incidental por saturación. Los casos fueron aquellas pacientes con diagnóstico de osteoporosis por densitometría de columna lumbar, realizada por un aparato de absorciometría de rayos X de doble fotón (DEXA). Los controles fueron pacientes equiparables en edad, tiempo de menopausia y número de hijos; sin dicho diagnóstico. Resultados: 1 738 pacientes cumplieron con los criterios de selección, con ellas se formaron 227 parejas de casos y controles con apareamiento perfecto. La frecuencia de obesidad en el grupo control fue de 27,8% y en el grupo de casos fue de 20,7%. Se obtuvo un odds ratio de 0,67, con un intervalo de confianza del 95% de 0,4241,07 (valor p = 0,098). Conclusiones: el presente estudio no demostró una relación estadísticamente significativa entre la obesidad y la osteoporosis. Sin embargo, parece existir un efecto protector entre dichas variables, el cual debe seguirse investigando.

Introduction: osteoporosis is one of the most prevalent metabolic bone diseases; it is chronic in evolution and produces significant morbidity and mortality in the elderly. This disease is altered by multiple factors; one of them is obesity, which seems to act as a protecting factor and, due to its epidemic nature, may be important. Objectives: previous research in developed countries has shown obesity to be a protective factor against osteoporosis, but there is no current specific investigation addressing this possibility in Peruvian women. This study seeks to explore this relationship in postmenopausal women who attended the rheumatology service of the Arzobispo Loayza National Hospital (Lima, Perú) between 1997 and 2000. Material and methods: the design used was a paired case and control study, with incidentall sampling to saturation. Cases were defined as patients with a clear diagnosis of osteoporosis by lumbar spine densitometry,carried out with the DEXA technique. Controls were patients equivalent in age, time of menopause and number of children, who were not osteoporotic. Results: 1 738 patients met selection criteria; 227 case and control pairs were formed, with perfect matching. Frequency of obesity in the control group was 27.8%, and in the case group was 20,7%. An odds ratio of 0.67 was obtained, with a 95% confidence interval 0.424-1.07 (p value = 0.098). Conclusions: this study did not reveal a statistically significant relationship between obesity and osteoporosis. A protective effect between those variables seems to exist, and it will have to be investigated further.

Características del cuadro clínico de la artritis reumatoide de acuerdo a la edad de inicio de la enfermedad: reporte preliminar / Characteristics of the rheumatoid arthritis's clinical picture according to the disease's onset age: preliminary report

Objetivo: Conocer las características demográficas, clínicas, radiológicas, de laboratorio y comorbilidad asociada a la Artritis Reumatoide (AR) de acuerdo a la edad de inicio de la enfermedad. Métodos: Durante los últimos 4 meses del año 2006, 176 pacientes con diagnóstico de AR, acudieron al servicio de Inmunoreumatología del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia (HNCH) de Lima y 68 pacientes cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión del estudio. De ellos, 41 pacientes fueron menores de 60 años (grupo ARIE) y 27 mayores o igual de 60 años (grupo ARIT) al inicio de la enfermedad. Los parámetros evaluados incluyeron características de mográficas, clínicas, radiológicas, de laboratorio, comorbilidades asociadas al momento del diagnóstico. Las variables de manifestaciones extraarticulares e infecciones desarrolladas se evaluaron de la evolución del paciente. El grado de capacidad funcional fue evaluado mediante la escala Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (M-HAQ) en un corte transversal. Las variables fueron analizadas mediante el test Chi Cuadrado y Test estandarizado de Mann Whitney. Resultados: El promedio de edad fue 37,41 años para el grupo ARIE y 64,62 años para el grupo ARIT. No hubo diferencias estadísticas entre ambos grupos respecto al sexo. El tiempo de enfermedad al momento del diagnóstico fue mayor en el grupo ARIT. Se encontró diferencias significativas en el compromiso de hombros (p = 0,024), compromiso cervical (p = 0,03) y de medianas articulaciones (p = 0,04), así como en las manifestaciones radiológicas: presencia de pinzamiento (p = 0,015) y erosiones (p = 0,004); las características de laboratorio como VSG, PCR y FR no tuvieron diferencia estadística pero se encontró mayor frecuencia de pacientes con anemia (p = 0,009) en el grupo ARIT, así como un mayor valor en el M-HAQ (p = 0,046). Los pacientes ARIT tuvieron más comorbilidades asociadas. En el tratamiento no se observó diferencias en el tratamiento con corticoides y drogas...

Resultado de la quimioprofilaxis con Isoniazida en la prevención de tuberculosis en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico / Results of chemoprophylaxis isoniazid on tuberculosis prevention in patients with systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic

Objetivos: Evaluación de la quimioprofilaxis con Isoniazida (INH) en la prevención de tuberculosis en pacientes con Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico (LES). Material y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo analítico caso control, se incluyen a todos los pacientes con LES atendidos entre enero 1993 a diciembre 2002. Exclusiones: Diagnóstico de LES inducido, Enfermedad Mixta de Tejido Conectivo o síndrome de sobreposición, Lupus Discoide. Se definieron dos grupos: A) pacientes que recibieron regularmente INH profiláctica B) pacientes que no recibieron INH profiláctica en forma regular o no la recibieron. Se evaluaron las características clínicas, dosis de prednisona al diagnóstico de tuberculosis (TBC), periodo de tiempo entre el diagnostico de LES y el diagnostico de tuberculosis, criterios diagnósticos, SLEDAI, biopsia renal, IMC. Resultados: Se incluyeron 184 pacientes, 96 (52.2%) pacientes recibieron regularmente INH profiláctica y 88 (47.8%) pacientes la recibieron en forma irregular o no la recibieron, esta diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa (p=0.028), OR fue 8.21 (IC 95% 1.22-188.21). Ocho (4.4%) casos desarrollaron TBC asociada al LES. Todos fueron de sexo femenino, edad promedio fue 29.625, tiempo promedio entre el diagnóstico de LES y TBC fue; 83.5 semanas, al diagnóstico de TBC recibían prednisona en dosis promedio de 40.6 mg/día. En 3 casos el diagnóstico de LES y TBC fue en la misma hospitalización, en los 5 restantes el tiempo entre el diagnóstico de LES y el de TBC fue 32.9 meses. El diagnóstico fue baciloscópico en 7 pacientes; en una paciente el diagnóstico de meringoencefalitis TBC se realizó por ADA en liquido cefalorraquídeo, dos casos fueron sólo TBC pulmonar, dos casos: pulmonar y extrapulmonar (ganglionar y renal) y 4 casos extrapulmonar: ganglionar, peritoneal, meníngea y osteoarticular. Conclusiones: La INH profiláctica protege al paciente con LES para el desarrollo de TBC.

Objetives: Assessment of quimioprofilaxis with isoniazida (INH) in tuberculosis prevention in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, analytic, case control study; it included all the patients with assisted SLE among January 1993 to December 2002. Exclusions: Diagnostic of induced SLE, Mixed connective tissue disease or overlap syndrome, Discoid Lupus. We defined two groups: A) patients that received INH prophylaxis regularly and B) patient that INH prophylaxis didn’t receive in regular form or they didn’t receive it. We evaluated the clinical characteristics, prednisona dose to the diagnosis of TBC, period of time between the diagnostic of SLE and the one diagnoses of tuberculosis, diagnostic approaches, SLEDAI, renal biopsy, IMC. Results: 184 patients were included: 96 (52.2%) patients received INH prophylaxis and (47.8%) received INH in irregular form or they didn’t receive it, this difference was statistically significant (p=0.028), OR was 8.21 (IC 95% 1.22-188.21). Eight (4.4%) cases developed TBC to the associated SLE. All were of feminine sex, age average was 29.625, time average between the diagnosis of SLE and TBC was 83.5 weeks and to the diagnosis of TBC they received prednisona in dose average of 40.6 mg /day. In 3 cases the diagnosis of SLE and TBC were in the same hospitalization, in the 5 remaining the time between the diagnosis of SLE and that of TBC was 32.9 months. The diagnosis was by bacilloscopy in 7 patients; in a patient the diagnosis of Meningoencephalitis TBC was carried out for ADA in cerebrospinal fluid, two cases were only lung TBC, two cases: lung and extrapulmonary (lymphatic and renal) and 4 cases extrapulmonary: ganglionary, peritoneal, meningea , bone and joint.

Tenosinovitis por Mycobacterium chelonae: A propósito de un caso / Tenosinovitis caused by Mycobacterium chelonae: Report of a case

We report a patient with a diagnosis of synovial tenosynovitis who developed septic tenosinovitis with cold abscess on right hand, after a local punction. Mycobacterium chelonae a fast-growing mycobacteria, was isolated. We discuss aspects related to differential diagnosis, epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostic procedures and issues related to treatment of this nosocomial infection.