Effects of linear periodized and non-periodized combined training on body image perception of adults with obesity: A randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: Verify the effect of non-periodized and linear periodized combined training on body image perception and body dissatisfaction in adults with obesity. DESIGN: A randomized clinical trial on the effect of two types of combined training periodization was carried out on people with grade I and II obesity. SETTING: Participants were allocated into three groups: non-periodized periodization group, linear periodization group, and control group, with 23 participants in each. SUBJECTS: Adults with obesity, with a body mass index between 30 kg/m² and 40 kg/m². INTERVENTIONS: The intervention lasted 16 weeks (separated into three mesocycles of 4 weeks and 1 week of familiarization), in 3 weekly sessions of 1 hour each, composed of aerobic (30 min) and muscle strength exercises (six exercises) in the same session. The group with non-periodized model maintained uniform intensity, volume, and workload throughout the mesocycles. The group with the linear periodization model started with low initial intensity, subsequently introducing a gradual increase of intensity in the mesocycles. MAIN MEASURES: Body image perception (current and ideal silhouette) and body dissatisfaction were assessed using the Stunkard silhouette scale. RESULTS: The perception of the current silhouette increased only in the control group (Δ = 1.16; p = 0.04). There was a significant reduction in the ideal silhouette over time (p = 0.001), especially in non-periodized group (Δ = -1.26). Body dissatisfaction increased significantly only over time (p = 0.001), especially for control group (Δ = 1.47). CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of periodization, combined training effectively maintained the perception of the current silhouette and reduced the ideal silhouette in adults with obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR-3c7rt3).

Use of electronic devices in leisure time modifies the prevalence and factors associated with sedentary behavior derived exclusively from excessive television viewing among Brazilian adults.

The growing interest in the study of sedentary behavior is justified by its increasing presence in people's daily lives, particularly in leisure time. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and factors associated with sedentary behavior derived exclusively from TV time and from its combination with the time spent using other electronic devices among Brazilian adults (n = 52,443). This cross-sectional study used data from the Vigitel survey (2019), which included subjects ≥ 18 years old who resided in the capitals of the 26 Brazilian states and Federal District. High TV time (≥ 4 h/day), and its combination with computer, tablet, or cell phone use (≥ 4 h/day), as well as sociodemographic, behavioral, and health characteristics were self-reported. Adjusted logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The prevalence of high sedentary behavior almost tripled when TV viewing was added to the time spent using other electronic devices (from 12.2%; 95%CI: 11.6; 12.8, to 34.7%; 95%CI: 33.8; 35.6), notably among the youngest (32.0 percentage points). Individuals living without a partner, who smoked, consumed alcohol and processed foods excessively, were physically inactive, and had hypertension were more likely to have both outcomes than their counterparts. Older and less educated individuals were more likely to spend excessive time watching TV and less likely to have high use of other electronic devices in addition to TV viewing than their peers. Including computer, tablet, or cell phone led to an increase in the prevalence of high sedentary behavior. The magnitude and direction of the associations of age and education with high sedentary behavior varied according to the method how high sedentary behavior was defined. Projects, programs, and policies must consider the different indicators of sedentary behavior in monitoring and promoting a healthier lifestyle.

A systematic review of the clustering and correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior among boys and girls.

Identifying the clustering and correlates of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) is very important for developing appropriate lifestyle interventions for children and adolescents. This systematic review (Prospero CRD42018094826) aimed to identify PA and SB cluster patterns and their correlates among boys and girls (0-19 years). The search was carried out in five electronic databases. Cluster characteristics were extracted in accordance with authors' descriptions by two independent reviewers and a third resolved any disagreements. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria and the population age ranged from six to 18 years old. Nine, twelve, and ten cluster types were identified for mixed-sex samples, boys, and girls, respectively. While girls were in clusters characterized by "Low PA Low SB" and "Low PA High SB", the majority of boys were in clusters defined by "High PA High SB" and "High PA Low SB". Few associations were found between sociodemographic variables and all cluster types. Boys and girls in "High PA High SB" clusters had higher BMI and obesity in most of the tested associations. In contrast, those in the "High PA Low SB" clusters presented lower BMI, waist circumference, and overweight and obesity. Different cluster patterns of PA and SB were observed in boys and girls. However, in both sexes, a better adiposity profile was found among children and adolescents in "High PA Low SB" clusters. Our results suggest that it is not enough to increase PA to manage the adiposity correlates, it is also necessary to reduce SB in this population.

Factors associated with perception of the current silhouette and body image dissatisfaction in adults with obesity / Fatores associados à percepção da silhueta atual e à insatisfação da imagem corporal em adultos com obesidade

ABSTRACT Objective To verify the factors associated with the perception of current silhouette and body image dissatisfaction in adults with obesity. Methods Cross-sectional study derived from the baseline of a randomized clinical trial. The perception of current silhouette and dissatisfaction with body image, defined by the difference between the perception of current and ideal silhouette, were obtained from a scale that ranged from one (smallest silhouette) to nine (largest silhouette). The independent variables investigated as associated factors (crude and adjusted linear regression) were: sex, age, skin color, body mass index (kg/m2), percentage of body fat, level of physical activity, and food intake. Results Sixty-nine obese individuals (body mass index ≥30kg/m2) were studied, 42 of whom were female and with the following mean values: 34.7 (±7.2) years; 33.5 (±2.8) kg/m2, and current silhouette of 6.6 (±0.9). All were dissatisfied with their excess body weight. The categories associated with a perception that matched the current silhouettes were male sex, white skin color, and higher body mass index values when compared to female sex, non-white, and lower body mass index values, respectively. Regarding body image dissatisfaction, white people had lower scores than those with other skin colors. Conclusion Being male, having white skin color, and having a higher body mass index were risk factors for the perception of larger body silhouettes, while only non-white skin color was associated with dissatisfaction with body image.

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar os fatores associados à percepção da silhueta atual e à insatisfação com a imagem corporal em adultos com obesidade. Métodos Estudo transversal derivado da linha de base de um ensaio clínico randomizado. A percepção de silhueta atual e a insatisfação com a imagem corporal, definida pela diferença entre a percepção da silhueta atual e da ideal, foram obtidas a partir de uma escala variando de um (menor silhueta) a nove pontos (maior silhueta). As variáveis independentes investigadas como fatores associados (regressão linear bruta e ajustada) foram: sexo, idade, cor da pele, índice de massa corporal (kg/m2), percentual de gordura corporal, nível de atividade física e ingestão alimentar. Resultados Foram investigados 69 obesos (índice de massa corporal ≥30kg/m2), sendo 42 do sexo feminino e com os seguintes valores médios: 34,7 (±7,2) anos; 33,5 (±2,8) kg/m2 e silhueta atual de 6,6 (±0,9). Todos estavam insatisfeitos pelo excesso de peso corporal. As categorias que se associaram à percepção da silhueta atual foram o sexo masculino, a cor de pele branca e maiores valores de índice de massa corporal quando comparados os dados referentes ao sexo feminino, a pessoas de cor da pele não branca e a menores valores de índice de massa corporal, respectivamente. Quanto à insatisfação com a imagem corporal, pessoas consideradas brancas tiveram escores mais baixos que aquelas com outras cores de pele. Conclusão Ser do sexo masculino, ter cor da pele branca e ter maior índice de massa corporal foram fatores de risco para a percepção de silhuetas corporais maiores, enquanto apenas a cor da pele não branca esteve associada à insatisfação com a imagem corporal.

Leisure-time physical activities and their association with active behavior in other domains and sociodemographic aspects: a population-based study with adults residing in the Brazilian state capitals and the Federal District.

This study aimed to identify the types of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) most practiced and their association with active behavior in other domains and the sociodemographic aspects in Brazilian adults (≥ 18 years old). It was a cross-sectional study, using data from a population-based system (Vigitel, 2017). Binary logistic regression was used. In the 29,323 LTPA practitioners (51.3% men), the five types of activities most performed were: walking (36.6%), weight training (17.7%), soccer (11.7%), jogging (8.3%), and aerobics (6.7%). The LTPA that had the greatest associations with sociodemographic variables were soccer, walking, and aerobics, all with p-value ≤ 0.01. When considering the other domains of physical activity, participants who reported doing household physical activity were more likely to walk and less likely to practice weight training, soccer and aerobics. Those who did active commuting had more of a chance to walking and less of a chance to weight train, while individuals who practiced occupational physical activity were less likely to walk and more likely to play soccer. Important differences in sociodemographic aspects and active behavior in the other domains were found according to the LTPA type.

Leisure-time physical activities and their association with active behavior in other domains and sociodemographic aspects: a population-based study with adults residing in the Brazilian state capitals and the Federal District / Atividades físicas no tempo de lazer e sua associação com comportamentos ativos em outros domínios e com aspectos sociodemográficos: um estudo de base populacional com adultos residentes nas capitais dos estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal

Abstract This study aimed to identify the types of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) most practiced and their association with active behavior in other domains and the sociodemographic aspects in Brazilian adults (≥ 18 years old). It was a cross-sectional study, using data from a population-based system (Vigitel, 2017). Binary logistic regression was used. In the 29,323 LTPA practitioners (51.3% men), the five types of activities most performed were: walking (36.6%), weight training (17.7%), soccer (11.7%), jogging (8.3%), and aerobics (6.7%). The LTPA that had the greatest associations with sociodemographic variables were soccer, walking, and aerobics, all with p-value ≤ 0.01. When considering the other domains of physical activity, participants who reported doing household physical activity were more likely to walk and less likely to practice weight training, soccer and aerobics. Those who did active commuting had more of a chance to walking and less of a chance to weight train, while individuals who practiced occupational physical activity were less likely to walk and more likely to play soccer. Important differences in sociodemographic aspects and active behavior in the other domains were found according to the LTPA type.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os tipos de atividade física de lazer (AFL) mais praticados e sua associação com o comportamento ativo em outros domínios e aspectos sociodemográficos em adultos brasileiros (≥ 18 anos). Foi um estudo transversal, com dados de um sistema de base populacional (Vigitel, 2017). Utilizou-se regressão logística binária. Nos 29.323 praticantes de AFL (51,3% homens), os cinco tipos de atividades mais realizadas foram: caminhada (36,6%), musculação (17,7%), futebol (11,7%), corrida (8,3%) e ginástica (6,7%). As atividades que tiveram maiores associações com as variáveis sociodemográficas foram o futebol, a caminhada e a ginástica, todas com valor p ≤ 0,01. Ao considerar os demais domínios de atividade física, os participantes que relataram fazer atividade física doméstica tiveram mais chance de realizar a caminhada e menos chance de praticar musculação, futebol e ginástica. Aqueles que faziam deslocamentos ativos tiveram mais chance de caminhada e menos chance de musculação, enquanto os indivíduos que realizavam atividade física no trabalho apresentaram menos chance para a caminhada e mais chance para o futebol. Diferenças importantes nos aspectos sociodemográficos e no comportamento ativo nos demais domínios foram encontradas de acordo com o tipo de AFL.

Motivos de adesão, aderência e desistência de adultos com obesidade em um programa de exercícios físicos / Reasons for adhesion, adherence and dropout of obese adults in a exercise program

O estudo teve como objetivo determinar os motivos de adesão, aderência e desistência de adultos com obesidade em um programa de intervenção de exercícios físicos. Trata-se de uma estudo descritivo com 69 adultos com obesidade, os quais estiveram envolvidos em um ensaio clínico controlado. Nos grupos de exercícios físicos, as sessões continham treinamento aeróbio e de força, totalizando 60 minutos, durante 16 semanas. Os motivos de adesão, aderência e desistência foram determinados por questionário e uma análise descritiva (quanti-qualitativa) foi realizada, de acordo com a frequência em que os motivos foram relatados pelos participantes. Verificou-se baixa aderência ao treinamento, bem como altos índices de desistência. A saúde, a qualidade de vida e a estética foram os principais motivos de adesão. Para a aderência, os aspectos mais prevalentes foram a saúde, o comprometimento e à motivação. Contudo, para a desistência, trabalho e a desmotivação foram mais relatados. É importante a intervenção profissional no campo da atividade física e saúde considere estes diferentes motivos e as mudanças neles durante o processo e direcione ações a fim de aumentar a adesão e a aderência e reduzir as desistências

The study aimed to determine the reasons for adherence, adherence and dropout of adults with obesity in a physical exercise intervention program. This is a descriptive study with 69 adults with obesity, who were involved in a controlled clinical trial. In the physical exercise groups, the sessions contained aerobic and strength training, totaling 60 minutes, during 16 weeks. The reasons for adhesion, adherence and dropout were determined by questionnaire and a descriptive analysis (quantitative and qualitative) was carried out, according to the frequency with which the reasons were reported by the participants. There was low adher-ence to training, as well as high dropout rates. Health, quality of life and aesthetics were the main reasons for adhesion. For adherence, the most prevalent aspects were health, commitment and motivation. However, for dropout, work and lack of motivation were more reported. It is important for professional intervention in the field of physical activity and health to consider these different reasons and the changes in them during the process and direct actions in order to increase adhesion and adherence and reduce dropouts

Sex differences in the association between educational level and specific domains of physical activity: a Brazilian cross-national survey.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the association between educational level and physical activity (PA) in specific domains according to sex, among residents of 26 Brazilian state capitals and the Federal District. METHODS: This is a cross-national survey, with data obtained from the Telephone-based Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases (VIGITEL), in 2017, conducted with individuals ≥ 18 years old (n = 53,034). The education level (classified as ≤ 4 years, 5 to 8 years, 9 to 11 years, and ≥ 12 years of education) and PA of participants (meeting PA recommendations and performing this active behaviour) in the commuting, domestic, leisure, and work domains were self-reported. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the data obtained from the survey. RESULTS: Males and females with higher education were less likely to meet PA recommendations (males: OR = 0.68 [95% CI 0.52-0.91]; females: OR = 0.41 [0.34-0.48]) and perform the active behaviour (males: OR = 0.73 [0.57-0.93]; females: OR = 0.27 [0.23-0.32]) in the domestic domain. In the work domain, the two outcomes were associated with education only for males, indicating that those with more years of education had less chance of meeting PA recommendations (OR9 to 11 years = 0.61 [0.46-0.83]; OR≥12 years = 0.21 [0.15-0.30]) and performing it (OR9 to 11 years = 0.64 [0.49-0.84]; OR≥12 years = 0.25 [0.18-0.34]). However, more years of education seemed to positively influence meeting PA recommendations (males: OR9-11 years = 2.26 [1.79-2.87]; OR≥12 years = 2.91 [2.28-3.72]; females: OR5-8 years = 1.26 [1.04-1.54]; OR9-11 years = 1.81 [1.52-2.16]; OR≥12 years = 2.69 [2.25-3.22]) and practicing this behaviour (males: OR5-8 years = 1.29 [1.01-1.63]; OR9-11 years = 2.54 [2.04-3.17]; OR≥12 years = 3.31 [2.64-4.16]; females: OR5-8 years = 1.23 [1.03-1.46]; OR9-11 years = 1.75 [1.51-2.01]; OR≥12 years = 2.94 [2.53-3.40]) in leisure time for both sexes. CONCLUSION: Education level appears to be an important determinant in the relationship with PA in its different domains, especially in the leisure and domestic domains, for both sexes.

RéSUMé: OBJECTIF: Identifier l'association entre le statut éducatif et l'activité physique (AP) dans des domaines spécifiques, selon le sexe, chez les résidents des capitales du Brésil et du District Fédéral. MéTHODES: Il s'agit d'une enquête transnationale dérivée de la surveillance téléphonique des facteurs de risque et de protection pour les maladies chroniques (VIGITEL), menée en 2017, auprès de personnes âgées de ≥ 18 ans (n = 53 034). Le niveau d'éducation (≤ 4 ans, 5 à 8, 9 à 11 et ≥ 12 ans d'étude) et l'AP des participants (respecter les recommandations d'activité physique et adopter ce comportement actif) dans les domaines des déplacements domicile-travail, domestique, des loisirs et du travail ont été autodéclarés. Une régression logistique binaire a été utilisée. RéSULTATS: Les hommes et les femmes ayant fait des études supérieures étaient moins susceptibles de respecter les recommandations de l'AP (hommes : RC = 0,68 [IC95% 0,52­0,91]; femmes : RC = 0,41 [0,34­0,48]) et d'adopter un comportement actif (hommes : RC = 0,73 [0,57­0,93]; femmes : RC = 0,27 [0,23­0,32]) dans le domaine domestique. Dans le domaine du travail, les deux résultats n'étaient associés à l'éducation que pour les hommes, indiquant que ceux qui avaient plus d'années d'éducation avaient moins de chances de respecter les recommandations de l'AP (RC9 a 11 ans = 0,61 [0,46­0,83]; RC≥12 ans = 0,21 [0,15­0,30]) et de les exécuter (RC9 a 11 ans = 0,64 [0,49­0,84]; RC≥12 ans = 0,25 [0,18­0,34]). Cependant, plus d'années d'éducation semblent influencer positivement le respect des recommandations de l'AP (hommes : RC9 a 11 ans = 2,26 [1,79­2,87]; RC≥12 ans = 2,91 [2,28­3,72]; femmes : RC5 a 8 ans = 1,26 [1,04­1,54]; RC9 a 11 ans = 1,81 [1,52­2,16]; RC≥12 ans = 2,69 [2,25­3,22]) et la pratique de ce comportement (hommes : RC5 a 8 years = 1,29 [1,01­1,63]; RC9 a 11 ans = 2,54 [2,04­3,17]; RC≥12 ans = 3,31 [2,64­4,16]; femmes : RC5 a 8 ans = 1,23 [1,03­1,46]; RC9 a 11 ans = 1,75 [1,51­2,01]; RC≥12 ans = 2,94 [2,53­3,40]) pendant les loisirs pour les deux sexes. CONCLUSION: Le niveau d'éducation semble un déterminant important de la relation avec l'AP dans ses différents domaines, notamment dans les domaines des loisirs et domestique, pour les deux sexes.

Combined relationship of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour with the prevalence of noncommunicable chronic diseases: data from 52,675 Brazilian adults and elderly.

This paper aims to verify the association between the combined relationship of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour (SB) at leisure-time and the prevalence of noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in Brazilian adults and elderly. This is a cross-sectional study, derived from the VIGITEL system, with individuals ≥18 years old (n = 52,675). The presence of NCDs (diabetes, hypertension, and obesity) and the independent variables were defined by self-report. Binary logistic regression was used. While adults with the presence of, at least, one risky behaviour had a higher odds to have obesity (OR active + high SB: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.01;1.54; OR inactive + low SB: 1.47; 95%CI: 1.25;1.73; OR inactive + high SB: 1.77; 95%CI: 1.47;2.12), the elderly had an increased risk for this outcome only when classified as inactive (OR inactive + low SB: 1.43; 95%CI: 1.17;1.75; OR inactive + high SB: 1.87; 95%CI: 1.47;2.38). Inactive adults with low SB were more likely to have diabetes (OR inactive + low SB: 1.31; 95%CI: 1.00;1.71) and hypertension (OR inactive + low SB: 1.26; 95%CI: 1.08;1.46), while physical inactivity was again more strongly associated with these outcomes in the elderly, for diabetes (OR inactive + low SB: 1.23; 95%CI: 1.02;1.48; OR inactive + high SB: 1.75; 95%CI: 1.39;2.19), and hypertension (OR inactive + low SB: 1.22; 95%CI: 1.05;1.41; OR inactive + high SB: 1.60; 95%CI: 1.33;1.94) Both leisure-time behaviours carry a high risk of the prevalence of different NCDs, however, physical inactivity, isolated or combined, showed a greater association with the evaluated outcomes.HighlightsThis cross-national survey included representative sample of people ≥18 years old.Adults with at least one evident risky behavior had a higher chance of obesity.Inactive adults with low sedentary behavior had higher chances for diabetes and hypertension.Physical inactivity was more strongly associated with all diseases in the elderly.

Attitudes towards body weight dissatisfaction associated with adolescents' perceived health and sleep (PeNSE 2015).

This study aimed to investigate whether attitudes towards body weight dissatisfaction is associated with perceived health and impairments in sleep among a national population-based sample of Brazilian adolescents. This is a cross-sectional data from the 2015 National School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE). A total of 100.182 students (70.8% were between 14 to 15) in ninth-grade, enrolled in public and private schools were eligible for data analysis. Variables were measured using a questionnaire and binary logistic regression was used. There was association between attitudes towards body weight dissatisfaction and perceived health (not controlling weight = OR: 2.19, 95%CI: 2.00-2.40; trying to lose = OR: 1.90, 95%CI: 1.75-2.05; gain = OR: 2.22, 95%CI: 2.01-2.46; maintain = OR: 1.81, 95%CI: 1.54-2.14). Adolescents were also more likely to present impairments in sleep (not controlling weight = OR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.11-1.32; trying to lose = OR: 1.16, 95%CI: 1.08-1.25; gain = OR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.28-1.61; maintain = OR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.22-2.68). Dissatisfaction is an additional concern in the daily life of adolescents, which is associated to depreciation of the quality of sleep and decrement of psychological well-being.

Attitudes towards body weight dissatisfaction associated with adolescents' perceived health and sleep (PeNSE 2015) / Insatisfação e atitudes relativas ao peso corporal associada à percepção de saúde e ao sono em adolescentes (PeNSE 2015)

Abstract This study aimed to investigate whether attitudes towards body weight dissatisfaction is associated with perceived health and impairments in sleep among a national population-based sample of Brazilian adolescents. This is a cross-sectional data from the 2015 National School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE). A total of 100.182 students (70.8% were between 14 to 15) in ninth-grade, enrolled in public and private schools were eligible for data analysis. Variables were measured using a questionnaire and binary logistic regression was used. There was association between attitudes towards body weight dissatisfaction and perceived health (not controlling weight = OR: 2.19, 95%CI: 2.00-2.40; trying to lose = OR: 1.90, 95%CI: 1.75-2.05; gain = OR: 2.22, 95%CI: 2.01-2.46; maintain = OR: 1.81, 95%CI: 1.54-2.14). Adolescents were also more likely to present impairments in sleep (not controlling weight = OR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.11-1.32; trying to lose = OR: 1.16, 95%CI: 1.08-1.25; gain = OR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.28-1.61; maintain = OR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.22-2.68). Dissatisfaction is an additional concern in the daily life of adolescents, which is associated to depreciation of the quality of sleep and decrement of psychological well-being.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar se as atitudes em relação à insatisfação com o peso corporal (PC) estão associadas à saúde percebida e ao comprometimento do sono em uma amostra de base populacional de estudantes brasileiros. A Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar possui delineamento transversal e foram elegíveis para as análises 100.182 estudantes do nono ano. Foi utilizado regressão logística binária para analisar a associação entre as variáveis investigadas, obtidas por meio de questionário. Houve associação entre as atitudes em relação à insatisfação com o PC e a saúde percebida, indicando que aqueles insatisfeitos com o PC apresentaram maior OR para a percepção negativa de saúde (não controlando o peso = OR: 2,19, IC95%: 2,00-2,40, tentando perder = OR: 1,90, IC95%: 1,75-2,05; ganhar = OR: 2,22, IC95%: 2,01-2,46; manter = OR: 1,81, IC95%: 1,54-2,14) e para o comprometimento do sono (não controlando o peso = OR: 1,21, IC95%: 1,11-1,32; tentando perder = OR: 1,16, IC95%: 1,08-1,25; ganhar = OR: 1,43,95 % CI: 1,28-1,61; manter = OR: 1,43, IC95%: 1,22-1,68) em relação àqueles satisfeitos com o PC. A insatisfação é uma preocupação adicional na vida diária dos adolescentes, que está associada à depreciação da qualidade do sono e à diminuição do bem-estar psicológico.

Preference for leisure activities among adolescents in southern Brazil: What changed after a decade? / Preferencia para las actividades de ocio entre adolescentes en el sur de brasil: ¿Qué cambió después de una década? / Preferência por atividades de lazer em adolescentes do sul do brasil: o que mudou após uma década?

The preference for a specific activity during leisure time can directly influence its practice, both for active and sedentary behaviors. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify changes after a decade in the preference for leisure activities according to gender and age group between two generations of adolescents from southern Brazil. It was a repeated cross-sectional study (2001-2011). Representative samples of high school students (aged 15-19 years) from public schools in the state of Santa Catarina were evaluated in 2001 (n = 5028) and 2011 (n = 6529). Students answered one question on the preferred leisure activity, organized into six groups of activities. Comparisons between surveys were based on the relative frequency and 95% condence intervals (95% CI). After a decade, there were signicant reductions (95% CI did not overlap) in the preference for practicing physical activities, cultural activities and other activities, while the preference for watching TV, playing video games and using computer increased over time. These trends were similar between boys and girls and between younger (15-16 years-old) and older (17-19 years-old) students. The magnitude of changes was bigger in the proportion of preference for using computer and for practicing physical activities. There was an increase in the preference for leisure activities that involve screen time use, but the preference for other leisure activities (e.g., physical and cultural activities) reduced after a decade. Reasons underlying the change in leisure preferences need to be examined to support future interventions

La preferencia por una actividad especíca en el ocio puede influir directamente en su práctica, tanto para los comportamientos activos como los sedentarios. Así, el objetivo de este estudio fue identicar cambios tras una década en la preferencia por actividades de ocio de acuerdo con el género y con la franja etaria entre dos generaciones de adolescentes del sur de Brasil. Para ello, se realizó un estudio transversal de repetición en 2001 y 2011. Se evaluaron muestras representativas de estudiantes de secundaria (15-19 años) de escuelas públicas del estado de Santa Catarina en 2001 (n = 5028) y 2011 (n= 6529). Los alumnos contestaron a una pregunta sobre la actividad de ocio preferida, organizada en seis grupos de actividades. Las comparaciones entre las encuestas se basaron en la frecuencia relativa y en los intervalos de conanza del 95% (IC95%). Después de una década, hubo reducciones significativas (IC95% no se solapó) en la preferencia por la practica de actividades físicas, actividades culturales y otras actividades, mientras que la preferencia por ver la televisión, jugar a los videojuegos y usar las computadoras aumentó con el paso del tiempo. Estas tendencias fueron similares entre niños y niñas y entre estudiantes más jóvenes (15-16 años) y mayores (17-19 años). La magnitud de los cambios fue mayor en la proporción de preferencia por el uso de las computadoras y por la práctica de actividades físicas. En conclusión, se observó un aumento en la preferencia por actividades de ocio que involucran el uso del tiempo de pantalla, pero la preferencia por otras actividades de ocio (por ejemplo, actividades físicas y culturales) se redujo tras una década. Las razones subyacentes al cambio en las preferencias de ocio deben ser examinadas para apoyar a futuras intervenciones

A preferência por uma atividade específica no lazer pode influenciar diretamente sua prática, tanto para comportamentos ativos quanto sedentários. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar mudanças após uma década na preferência por atividades de lazer de acordo com o gênero e a faixa etária entre duas gerações de adolescentes do sul do Brasil. Para isso, um estudo transversal de repetição foi realizado em 2001 e 2011. Amostras representativas de estudantes do ensino médio (15-19 años) de escolas públicas do estado de Santa Catarina foram avaliadas em 2001 (n = 5028) e 2011 (n = 6529). Os alunos responderam a uma pergunta sobre a atividade de lazer preferida, organizada em seis grupos de atividades. As comparações entre as pesquisas foram baseadas na frequência relativa e nos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Apósuma década, houve reduções significativas (IC95% não se sobrepôs) na preferência por praticar atividades físicas, atividades culturais e outras ativnidades, enquanto a preferência por assistir TV, jogar videogames e usar computador aumentou com o tempo. Essas tendências foram semelhantes entre rapazes e moças e entre estudantes mais jovens (15-16 anos) emais velhos (17-19 anos). A magnitude das mudanças foi maior na proporção de preferência pelo uso do computador e pela prática de atividades físicas. Como conclusão, houve um aumento na preferência por atividades de lazer que envolvem o uso do tempo de tela, mas a preferência por outras atividades de lazer (como atividades físicas e culturais) diminuiu após uma década. As razões subjacentes à mudança nas preferências de lazer precisam ser examinadas para apoiar futuras intervenções

Tipos e quantidades de atividades físicas praticadas por adolescentes do sul do Brasil / Types and quantities of physical activities practiced by adolescents from southern brazil / Tipos y cantidades de las actividades físicas practicadas por los adolescentes en el sur de brasil

Objetivou-se estimar as prevalências dos tipos e quantidades de atividade física (AF) no tempo de lazer em adolescentes, por sexo e idade. Estudantes (15-19 anos; n=6.529) de escolas estaduais de Santa Catarina responderam a um questionário validado sobre tipos de AF praticadas semanalmente no tempo de lazer. Medidas apresentadas em frequência relativa e intervalos de confiança de 95% indicaram que, ao comparar os sexos, rapazes apresentaram maior prevalência de prática de futebol, musculação e ciclismo, enquanto moças apresentaram maior prevalência de caminhada, dança e ginástica. Prevalência de caminhada foi maior nos adolescentes de 17 anos, em relação aos de 18 anos. Conclui-se que tipos de AF diferem de acordo com sexo e idade, enquanto a quantidade de AF diferiu entre sexos.

The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of types and quantity of physical activity (PA) performed during leisure time by adolescents, according to sex and age. Students (15-19 years; n=6,529) from public schools of Santa Catarina answered a validated questionnaire about types of PA weekly performed during leisure time. Data presented in relative frequency and 95% confidence interval showed that, when comparing sex, higher prevalence of practice in soccer, weight lifting, and cycling was observed among boys, while walking, dance and gymnastics were more prevalent among girls. The proportion of walking was higher in adolescents aged 17 years old, compared with those aged 18 years old. It is concluded that types of PA differ according to sex and age, whereas the amount of PA differs only by sex.

Se objetivó estimar las prevalencias de los tipos y cantidades de actividad física (AF) en el tiempo libre en adolescentes, por sexo y edad. Los estudiantes (15-19 años, n = 6.529) de escuelas estatales de Santa Catarina respondieron a un cuestionario validado sobre tipos de AF practicadas en el tiempo libre. Medidas presentadas en frecuencia relativa e intervalos de confianza del 95% indicaron que los niños presentaron mayor prevalencia de práctica de fútbol, musculación y ciclismo, mientras que las niñas practican más la caminata, la danza y la gimnasia. La prevalencia de caminata fue mayor en los adolescentes de 17 años, en relación a los de 18 años. Se concluye que los tipos de AF difieren según el sexo y la edad, mientras que la cantidad de AF se diferenció entre los sexos.

Orientações para utilização de acelerômetros no Brasil / Instructions for accelerometer use in Brazil

O objetivo do presente estudo foi apresentar um conjunto de orientações para a utilização de acelerômetros no Brasil. O método consistiu na revisão e síntese de artigos que utilizaram acelerômetros como instrumento de medida objetiva da atividade física. Com base nesses estudos, buscou-se apresentar orientações para as fases pré-coleta (seleção do acelerômetro; testagem da calibração dos acelerômetros, atualização de firmware; estudo piloto; e definição de protocolo), coleta (distribuição dos acelerômetros; contato com participantes; e devolução dos acelerômetros) e pós-coleta (processamento; transformação e interpretação dos dados; e comparabilidade dos dados) do uso de acelerômetros. São descritos procedimentos para facilitar as tomadas de decisões relacionadas ao uso desses dispositivos, bem como para obtenção de dados de acelerometria válidos e reprodutíveis. As orientações são uma iniciativa de pesquisadores da área a fim de proporcionar um avanço metodológico nas medidas objetivas da atividade física. A adoção das orientações pode facilitar a padronização dos procedimentos empregados e a comparabilidade de resultados entre estudos com acelerômetros no Brasil.

The aim of this study was to develop instructions for using accelerometers to measure physical activity in Brazil. This manuscript is a review and synthesis of scientific papers that have used accelerometers for objective physical activity assessment in different age groups as well as studies providing directions for using activity monitors in large-scale studies. In this study, we present instructions for the pre-data collection (selection of monitor; unit calibration, firmware update, pilot study, protocol definition), data collection (monitor distribution, contacting participants, monitor return) and post-data collection (data processing, transformation and interpretation) phases. We describe procedures for facilitating decision making related to using accelerometers, as well as for obtaining valid and reliable accelerometer physical activity data. This set of instructions is an initiative of a group of physical activity researchers with the purpose of contributing to methodologically advance the field of objective physical activity measurement in Brazil. The current set of instructions intend to facilitate the standardization of procedures for collecting physical activity data with accelerometers in Brazil and, thus, for ascertaining future comparability of data collected in different studies.

Sociodemographic differences in walking for leisure and for commuting in Brazilian workers

Walking is a great health promotion strategy due to its beneficial effects. Objetive: To identify the prevalence of walking for leisure and for commuting to work and its association with sociodemographic factors among 47,477 Brazilian workers. Walking and sociodemographic factors were obtained from a self-reported questionnaire. Poisson regression was used. Among men, walking for leisure was more frequent in those who were older, live with a partner, had a higher level of education and income, and worked in the Southeastern region of Brazil. When commuting, it was more prevalent among single men, who had a lower level of education and income and worked in the Southern region of this country. Among women, walking for leisure was more common in those who lived with a partner, had no children, and worked in the Southern region. There was an association between the outcome and age, education and family income. Regarding commuting, it was more prevalent among older individuals, without a partner, with a lower level of education and income, and working in the Southern region. Walking was associated with sociodemographic characteristics, with differences between sexes

Formação profissional em Educação Física e Fisioterapia: ressonâncias de um projeto de ensino sobre questões socioambientais / Vocational training in Physical Therapy and Physical Education: resonance about of draft environmental issues in education / La formación profesional en Educación Física y Fisioterapia: resultados de un proyecto de enseñanza sobre cuestiones socioambientales

Este estudo apresenta as ressonâncias da participação da comissão organizadora de um projeto de ensino sobre questões socioambientais, desenvolvido em uma universidade pública de Santa Catarina, no contexto de cursos de Educação Física e Fisioterapia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa dos dados. Ao final do projeto, 13 participantes responderam a um questionário misto. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva e da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicam, dentre outras questões, que os participantes perceberam contribuições do projeto para aprender mais sobre o tema ambiente e para vislumbrar novas possibilidades para sua atuação profissional. Além disso, perceberam frequentemente a manifestação de competências profissionais.

This study presents resonances of the participation from an organizing committee of a school project on environmental issues, developed in a public university of Santa Catarina, in context of courses in Physical Education and Physiotherapy. This is a descriptive research with quantitative and qualitative approaches. At the end of this project, 13 participants answered a questionnaire mixed up. The data were analyzed using a descriptive statistics and content analysis. The results indicate, among other issues, that the participants felt contributions of the project to learn more about the environment issue and to envision new possibilities for their professional performance. In addition, they've noticed the manifestation of skills.

Este estudio presenta los resultados de la participación del comité organizador de un proyecto de enseñanza sobre cuestiones socioambientales, desarrollado en una universidad pública de la provincia de Santa Catarina, en el contexto de los cursos de Educación Física y Fisioterapia. Es una investigación descriptiva con los enfoques cuantitativos y cualitativos. Al final del proyecto, 13 participantes contestaron a un cuestionario mixto. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando estadística descriptiva y análisis de contenido. Los resultados indican que, entre otras cuestiones, los participantes perciben contribuciones del proyecto para aprender más sobre el tema del medio ambiente y para imaginar nuevas posibilidades de acción profesional. Además, ellos perciben a menudo la manifestación de competencias.

Physical activity associated with urban environmental characteristics: a correlational study of active women of high socioeconomic status from brazilian cities of santa catarina / Atividade física associada com caracteristicas do ambiente urbano: estudo correlacional com mulheres ativas e nível econômico alto de cidades brasileiras de santa catarina / Actividad física asociada con medio urbano características: estudio correlaciónale vivir con mujeres y nivel económico de alta de ciudades brasileñas de santa catarina

The study aimed to identify urban environmental characteristics, which may be associated with the physical activity (PA) level of women from Brazilian cities of Santa Catarina. The sample was composed of 2047 women aged 20 to 59 from six Santa Catarina cities: Blumenau, Chapecó, Criciúma, Florianópolis, Itajaí, and São José. The PA was evaluated through the IPAQ (short version), and the NEWS to environmental variables. An inferential and descriptive statistic was used: Chi-squared test, ANOVA with post hoc, and raw and adjusted multinomial regression analysis (p < .05). The participants from São José presented greater chances to PA practice when they reside close to appropriated areas, sidewalks, fitness centers, well-lit streets, and when invited by relatives to the practice. The PA Program for the community enables greater chances of practice for women in Florianópolis, São José, Criciúma and Blumenau. As a conclusion, some environmental factors appeared to influence PA practice positively in Catarinense women. Besides that, the fact of belonging to the high economic status could increasingly enable practice, since they seem broader access to gyms and PA private professionals.

O estudo buscou identificar características do ambiente urbano que podem estar associadas ao nível de atividade física (AF) de mulheres de cidades catarinenses. A amostra foi composta por 2047 mulheres de 20 a 59 anos de seis cidades catarinenses: Blumenau, Chapecó, Criciúma, Florianópolis, Itajaí e São José. A AF foi avaliada por meio do International Physical Activity Questionnaire (versão curta) e o Neighborhood Environmental Walkability Scale para variáveis ambientais. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial: Teste do Qui quadrado, ANOVA acompanhada de post hoc e análise de regressão multinomial bruta e ajustada (p < 0,05). As mulheres da cidade de São José apresentaram maiores chances para prática de AF quando residem próximas a locais apropriados, calçadas, academias, ruas iluminadas e quando recebem convites de parentes para prática. A existência de Programa de AF para comunidade possibilitou maiores chances de prática para mulheres de Florianópolis, São José, Criciúma e Blumenau. Nas cidades de Florianópolis e Chapecó, os fatores influenciáveis foram respectivamente, beira mar∕orla marítima e o convite de parentes para a caminhada. Alguns fatores do ambiente pareceram influenciar positivamente a prática de AF das mulheres catarinenses. Além disso, o fato de pertencerem ao estrato econômico alto pode aumentar a prática, uma vez que as mesmas parecem ter maior acesso as academias e profissionais particulares.

El estudio trató de identificar las características del entorno urbano que puede estar asociado con el nivel de actividad física (AF) de las mujeres catarinenses. Muestra de 2.047 mujeres de 20-59 años de seis ciudades Catarinenses: Blumenau, Chapecó, Criciúma, Florianópolis, Itajaí y São José. AF se evaluó con IPAQ (versión corta) y NEWS a las variables ambientales. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial: pruebas Chi cuadrado, ANOVA y análisis post hoc de crudo y ajustado (p <0,05) de regresión multinomial. Las mujeres de São José eran más propensos a practicar cuando AF residen cerca de los lugares, aceras, gimnasios, calles iluminadas apropiadas y por recibir invitaciones de los familiares. La existencia del programa de AF de la comunidad condujo a mayores posibilidades de práctica para las mujeres de Florianópolis, São José, Criciúma y Blumenau. Algunos factores ambientales parecen influir positivamente en la práctica de las mujeres de la AF de Santa Catarina. Además, el facto de pertenecer a los estratos económicos altos puede aumentar la práctica, ya que las mismas parecen tener un mayor acceso a los gimnasios y los profesionales privados de AF.

Association between unhealthy behavior and sleep quality and duration in adolescents / Associação entre comportamento não saudável e qualidade e duração do sono em adolescentes

Abstract Inadequate sleep has been associated with unhealthy behavior in adolescence. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of negative sleep indicators (perceived poor-quality sleep and insufficient sleep duration) among students and to identify unhealthy behaviors associated with this outcome. This study is part of a school-based, cross-sectional survey conducted in 2011 in adolescents from Santa Catarina State, Brazil. High school students aged 15 to 19 years (n = 6,529) and enrolled in state public schools participated in the study. The students responded to a questionnaire on the number of hours slept (insufficient: < 8 h, sufficient: ≥ 8 h); perceived sleep quality (good or poor); and behavioral variables. Multinomial logistic regression was performed using reports of positive sleep indicators, and negative reports of one or two sleep indicators. Approximately 30% of adolescents reported a negative perception of sleep, indicating poor quality and insufficient duration. The use of computers/videogames (≥ 4 h/d) and excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, salty snacks or sweets were associated with negative sleep indicators. A high number of young people displayed one or two negative sleep indicators, and it was found an association between these indicators and a number of unhealthy behaviors.

Resumo O sono inadequado tem sido associado com o comportamento não saudável na adolescência. Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência de indicadores negativos do sono (percepção da má qualidade e duração insuficiente do sono) entre os alunos e identificar comportamentos não saudáveis associados a este resultado. Este estudo é parte de uma pesquisa de base escolar, transversal, realizada em 2011, em adolescentes do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Estudantes do ensino médio com idades entre 15 a 19 anos (n = 6.529) e matriculados em escolas públicas estaduais participaram do estudo. Os alunos responderam a um questionário sobre o número de horas dormidas (insuficiente: <8 h, suficiente: ≥ 8 h); qualidade do sono percebida (boa ou má); e variáveis comportamentais. Regressão logística multinomial foi realizada, utilizando os relatos de indicadores positivos do sono e relatos negativos de um ou dois indicadores do sono. Cerca de 30% dos adolescentes relataram uma percepção negativa do sono, indicando má qualidade e duração insuficiente. O uso de computadores / videogames (≥ 4 h/d) e consumo excessivo de bebidas alcoólicas, salgadinhos ou doces foram associados a indicadores negativos do sono. Um elevado número de jovens apresentou um ou dois indicadores negativos do sono, e verificou-se uma associação entre estes indicadores e uma série de comportamentos não saudáveis.

Factors associated to usual physical activity in women / Fatores associados à prática de atividade física habitual em mulheres / Factores asociados con la práctica de actividad física habitual en mujeres

INTRODUCTION: attention has been focused on investigating the prevalence of physical activity PA in different populations. OBJECTIVE: to analyze factors associated with the usual practice of PA in women from areas of Santa Catarina, Brazil. METHODS: the cross-sectional study enrolled a sample of 2750 women with a mean age of 32.97±10.9 years. PA was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire IPAQ. The sample was divided into six groups: Southern Region; Itajaí Valley; Northern Region; Western Region; Highlands Region and the Greater Florianópolis Region, SC, Brazil. Statistical analysis was descriptive and inferential. RESULTS: approximately 68.3% of women were considered sufficiently active active + very active, in particular the Greater Florianópolis Region, SC, Brazil. In the practice of moderate and moderate + vigorous activity, the women of Western Region presented the highest averages 65±64 min/d; 105±102 min/d, respectively, and those in the range of 20-32 years old showed 61% chance of being considered active compared with women in the range of 46-59 years old. As for the body mass index BMI, women with normal weight of the South Region and Itajaí Valley regions had 2.24 95% CI;1.15-4.35 and 1.76 95% CI; 1.14-2.73 times more chances to be active when compared to the overweight women. CONCLUSION: women in the regions of Santa Catarina were considered sufficiently active. Moderate + vigorous PA was the most prevalent in the six regions studied. .

INTRODUÇÃO: a atenção tem se concentrado na investigação da prevalência de atividade física AF em diferentes populações. OBJETIVO: analisar os fatores associados à prática de AF habitual em mulheres em regiões de Santa Catarina, Brasil. MÉTODOS: o estudo transversal obteve amostra de 2750 mulheres, com média de idade de 32,97 ± 10,9 anos. A AF foi avaliada pelo Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física IPAQ. A amostra foi dividida em seis grupos: Região Sul; Região do Vale do Itajaí; Região Norte; Região Oeste; Região Serrana e Região da Grande Florianópolis, SC, Brasil. A análise estatística foi descritiva e inferencial. RESULTADOS: aproximadamente 68,3% das mulheres foram consideradas suficientemente ativas ativas + muito ativas, destacando-se as da Região da Grande Florianópolis. Na prática de atividade moderada e moderada + vigorosa, as mulheres da Região Oeste apresentaram as maiores médias 65 ± 64; 105 ± 102 min/dia, respectivamente, e as de 20 a 32 anos apresentaram 61% de chance de serem consideradas ativas com relação às mulheres de 46 a 59 anos. Quanto ao índice de massa corporal IMC, as mulheres com peso normal das Regiões Sul e Vale do Itajaí, apresentaram 2,24 IC 95% = 1,15-4,35 e 1,76 IC 95% =1,14-2,73 vezes mais chances de serem ativas quando comparadas às mulheres acima do peso. CONCLUSÃO: as mulheres das regiões de Santa Catarina foram consideradas suficientemente ativas. A AF moderada + vigorosa foi a mais prevalente nas seis regiões estudadas. .

INTRODUCCIÓN: los estudios han sido dirigidos a investigar la prevalencia de actividad física AF en diferentes poblaciones. OBJETIVO: Analizar los factores asociados con la práctica habitual de actividad física en las mujeres de regiones de Santa Catarina, Brasil. MÉTODOS: este estudio transversal obtuvo muestra de 2750 mujeres con edad promedio de 32,97 ± 10,9 años. La AF se evaluó mediante el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física IPAQ. La muestra fue dividida en seis grupos: Región Sur; Valle de Itajaí; Región Norte; Región Occidental; Región Montañosa y Gran Florianópolis. El análisis estadístico fue descriptivo e inferencial. RESULTADOS: aproximadamente el 68,3% de las mujeres se consideraron suficientemente activas activa + muy activa, destacando la región de la Gran Florianópolis, SC, Brasil. En la práctica de actividad moderada y moderada + vigorosa, las mujeres de la Región Occidental presentaron los promedios más altos 65 ± 64; 105 ±102 min./día, respectivamente, y las de 20 a 32 años tenían 61% de probabilidad de ser consideradas activas en comparación con las mujeres de 46 a 59 años. En cuanto el índice de masa corporal IMC, las mujeres con peso normal de las Región Sur y del Valle de Itajaí, presentaron 2,24 IC del 95%; 1,15-4,35 y 1,76 IC del 95%; 1,14-2,73 veces más probabilidades de ser activas en comparación con las mujeres con sobrepeso. CONCLUSIÓN: las mujeres en las regiones de Santa Catarina se consideraron suficientemente activas. La actividad física moderada + vigorosa fue la más prevaleciente en las seis regiones estudiadas. .