[Cardiovascular pathology in old patients with fatal malignant tumours].

The matter under analyses were clinical and pathomorphological peculiarities of the cardiovascular pathology in old patients with fatal malignant tumours. All patients had been treated in hospital, but notwithstanding died with causal of the malignant tumours. Pathomorphological investigation revealed lesser expressiveness of the atherosclerosis in aorta, arteries of braining foundation, coronaric arteries in patients with fatal malignant tumours as compared with patients, who died with causal of the cardiovascular pathology. On the other hand, influence of the oncological pathology to the clinical expressiveness of cardiovascular diseases with causal of the atherosclerosis has been negative. This fact as regards to patients with tumours of the gastric and intestinal tract and the lung is especially outstanding. Authors of the article recommend inspecting old patients with rapid progressing in the clinical expressiveness of the cardiovascular pathology, in order to diagnose of malignant tumours.

[The specific features of diagnosis of breast diseases accompanied by the retracted nipple syndrome].

By examining 201 patents by currently available radiation (X-ray, ultrasound, and radionuclide) and pathomorphological techniques, the authors consider that benign diseases (nonspecific mastitis, focal fibrosclerosis, pathological secretion appearing as ductal cysts or papillomas, fibroadenomas, gynecomastia, oleogranulomas) and different histological forms of breast cancer (Paget's disease, infiltrating ductal carcinoma, infiltrating and non-infiltrating lobular carcinoma) result in the retracted nipple syndrome. The sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity of various diagnostic techniques used alone or in combination have been calculated. A monitoring system and indications for surgical treatment have been developed. The pathomorphological mechanisms of nipple retraction have been defined.

[Effect of low concentration of asbestos-containing dust]. / K voprosu o deistvii nizkikh kontsentratsii asbestosoderzhashchikh pylei.

Dust, particularly fibrous, in atmosphere of Asbest town was characterized. Pulmonary cancer mortality in Asbest town and towns of nearby area were compared and no significant difference was found. Overall pulmonary cancer mortality was higher in the region than in Asbest. Obtained data served as a basis for discussion on the action threshold of asbestos-containing dust. MAC for asbestos fibers in atmosphere is reported to be 0.06 respirable fibers per ml.

[Improved classification of x-ray images of the breast parenchyma]. / Usovershenstvovanie klassifikatsii rentgenograficheskikh izobrazhenii parenkhimi molochnykh zhelez.

Classification after J. Wolfe is the most popular classification of mammographic images of the breast to date. It distinguishes four (N1, P1, P2 and DY) types of breast parenchyma according to size of a shadow observed. P2 (subtotal) and DY (total involvement) types imply the highest risk of cancer. The study showed that criteria of the types distinguished are indistinct making it difficult to identify true high risk conditions. It is suggested that J. Wolfe's classification be detailed further, viz. conditions with and without nodular structures (N+ and N0) should be distinguished as well as types with homogeneous and nonhomogeneous non-nodular structures (P1a, P1b, P2a, P2b, etc.). The analysis of 167 mammograms of verified cancer and precancer showed the modified classification to more clearly identify various types of breast parenchyma and to more reliably define those carrying the highest risk for cancer.

[Breast cancer at present and 30 years ago]. / Rak molochnoi zhelezy v nastoiashchee vremia i 30 let nazad.

Comparison of the data on pathomorphosis of breast cancer and parameters of reproductive function of patients for 1983-1986 and 1953-1956 failed to establish increased aggressiveness of tumor during 30 years; however, the profile of factors influencing tumor development changed. At present, breast cancer is provoked by a longer and stronger estrogen stimulation; its duration has increased by 4.1 years which is an equivalent of more than 100 ovulatory cycles.

[Organization of the health care of patients with breast cancer]. / Organizatsiia pomoshchi bol'nym opukholiami molochnykh zhelez.

The paper discusses the 5-year experience of operation of cancer control service provided at a hospital department with a capacity of 50 beds as well as the results of two out-patient mammological screenings conducted by the Dispensary staff. Coordination of this work yielded a unified approach to the diagnosis and treatment of precancer and cancer of the breast. It also ensured continuity in application of procedures of therapy and prophylactic medical examination in the entire cancer control service of the Region. As a result, early diagnoses of breast cancer have become more reliable and treatment of precancerous lesions has improved.

[Experience in organizing the registration of oncological patients]. / Opyt organizatsii ucheta onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

The inaccuracy of cancer registries at oncological dispensaries is due to the incomplete and delayed supply of statistical data on cancer patients and deaths from neoplasms by the district oncological service authorities, treated cancer patients and consultations given--by general clinical hospitals and diagnoses of cancer established post-mortem or shortly before death--by the local authorities of general medical services. As a result of the efforts made by the staff of the Cancer Control Department of the Sverdlovsk Regional Oncological Dispensary to obviate this difficulty, cancer registry coverage rose from 59.8% in 1960 to 100% in 1980.

[Experience with the organization of prophylactic oncological examinations]. / Opyt organizatsii profilakticheskikh onkologicheskikh osmotrov.

Mass prophylactic examinations among the population to early recognize oncological diseases may be perfected in the following way: by making them less time-consuming, regular and actually total. To this end they should be available for everybody referring to therapeutic specialists during a year, an appointment with the doctor is to be proceeded by a fluorographic check, while in females--by a visit to the women's diagnostic department. For this examinations to be really total as well as to exclude the cases of double examination the record of each person should be kept.