Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a case series.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a case series of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in a pediatric tertiary hospital. METHODS: Patients under the age of 18 years who met MIS-C criteria of the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MH) and/or the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) were included. A retrospective analysis was carried out by reviewing medical records and complementary exams. RESULTS: Six pediatric patients with mean age of 126 months were admitted with fever associated with multisystem involvement: all of them had abdominal pain and diarrhea and two underwent appendectomy; 100% had coagulopathy and increased inflammatory markers; 83% had cardiovascular impairment and 60% required vasoactive drugs; 83% had mucocutaneous symptoms and 50% required ventilatory support by invasive mechanical ventilation or non-invasive ventilation. One patient showed coronary artery dilation on echocardiogram. All patients received empiric antibiotic therapies. SARS-CoV-2 IgG testing was positive in five patients. Treatment was performed after excluding infectious causes: five patients (83%) received intravenous immunoglobulin, five patients (83%) pulse methylprednisolone therapy and one (16%) Tocilizumab. One patient died. The average length of stay in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) was seven days. CONCLUSIONS: These cases are added to the literature in construction of this emerging condition. Early diagnosis should be considered due to its potential severity.

Mortalidade na infância no Brasil e regiões no período de 2000 a 2011: o impacto da atenção básica / Infanta mortality in Brazil and regions from 2000 to 2011: the impact of primary care

OBJETIVOS: Analisar as tendências da mortalidade na infância no Brasil e regiões, no período de 2000 a 2011, e correlacionar as tendências de duas das mais prevalentes causas de óbito na infância, doença diarreica aguda e infecção respiratória aguda, com a cobertura da atenção básica no Brasil e regiões. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico que visa estimar o efeito da atenção básica na taxa de mortalidade na infância. Foram coletados dados de cobertura populacional do Programa Saúde da Família, indicadores de saúde e informações demográficas, obtidos no DATASUS, base de dados disponibilizada pelo Ministério da Saúde, no período de 2000 a 2011. RESULTADOS: No Brasil, a Taxa de Mortalidade na Infância vem apresentando tendência constante de queda, com uma redução de 41,1% no período analisado enquanto a cobertura nacional da atenção básica no período de 2000 a 2011 teve aumento de 36%. A mortalidade na infância por doença diarreica aguda apresentou redução de 78,98%; enquanto que a mortalidade na infância por infecção respiratória aguda reduziu em 48,40%. DISCUSSÃO: A tendência nacional é de queda global da mortalidade na infância no período analisado. Em 2000, a classificação nacional da taxa de mortalidade na infância era média (30,1/1000 NV), enquanto em 2011, baixa (17,7/1000 NV). A cobertura populacional realizada pela atenção básica foi maior nas regiões com as maiores TMI (Norte e Nordeste) as quais demonstraram maiores decréscimos. Os dados apontam que a expansão do PSF, juntamente com outras melhorias em condições socioeconômicas, está associada a reduções na mortalidade na infância.

OBJECTIVES: Analyze trends in infant mortality in Brazil and regions, from 2000 to 2011, and correlate trends from two of the most prevalent causes of death in childhood, acute diarrheal disease and acute respiratory infection, with the coverage of primary care in Brazil and regions. METHODS: It’s an epidemiological study to estimate the effect of primary care in the mortality rate in childhood. We collected population data coverage of the Family Health Program, health indicators and demographic information obtained in DATASUS database made available by the Department of Health, from 2000 to 2011. Results: In Brazil, the mortality rate in Childhood has been showing steady downward trend, with a reduction of 41.1% in the analyzed period while national coverage of primary care from 2000 to 2011 increased by 36%. The infant mortality from acute diarrheal disease decreased by 78.98%; while child mortality from acute respiratory infections fell by 48.40%. Discussion: The national trend is the global decline in infant mortality during the period. In 2000, the national classification of mortality in childhood was average (30.1 / 1,000 live births), while in 2011, low (17.7 / 1,000 live births). The population coverage by primary care was higher in regions with the highest IMR (North and Northeast) which showed greater decreases. The data indicate that the expansion of the PSF, along with other improvements in socioeconomic conditions, is associated with reductions in mortality in childhood.