Protagonistas na sociedade civil: redes e centralidades de organizações civis em São Paulo / Leading actors within civil society: networks and centralities of civil organizations in São Paulo

Using network analysis, this article identifies the main leading collective actors within civil society, and especially their different logics of performance and the dynamics of interaction amongst them. The findings of a survey of 202 civil organizations in the city of São Paulo showed that NGOs, coordinating bodies and social movements form the group of actors with the greatest capacity for action within the universe of civil organizations. Analyzed in a relational perspective, the three types of actors manifested themselves as the most central and characterized by an accumulation of structural advantages within the universe researched. The article shows that their centrality results from different factors, as well as that they fulfill different roles and differ in importance for other civil organizations which are peripheral or have an intermediate centrality in the network.

Dans cet article, on cherche à repérer les principaux acteurs de la société civile de la ville de São Paulo, Brésil, et surtout leurs différentes logiques d'action et leurs dynamiques internes d'interaction. À partir des résultats d'un survey effectué dans la ville de São Paulo auprès de 202 organisations civiles, on a trouvé que des organisations non-gouvernementales - des ONGs, de fonction, pratiquement délaissées par la littérature - et des mouvements sociaux cumulent plusieurs avantages structurels dans le réseau et constituent les grands acteurs de l'univers des organisations civiles étudié. Pourtant, pour des raisons qu'on expose dans cet article, ces organisations sont centrales à plusieurs titres, jouent des rôles divers dans le réseau et ont une importance inégale par rapport à d'autres types d'entités civiles périphériques ou de centralité intermédiaire.

Estado e empreiteiras II: permeabilidade e políticas urbanas em Säo Paulo (1978-98) / State and contractors II: permeability and urban policies in Säo Paulo (1978-98)

This article discusses the patterns in relations between the public and private sector in the development of a public policy. We study the relationship between the state and private companies in urban infrastructure policies in São Paulo from 1978 to 1998. The article conducts an intense dialogue with a previous study on basic sanitation policy in Rio de Janeiro, as presented by Marques (1999a and 2000). As we discuss the conditioning factors for winning bids in public tenders, we highlight the importance of relations among individuals, groups, and organizations in the engineering community by analytically constructing the category "permeability" and utilizing social network analysis as our method.