[The influence of genetic factors on the effectiveness of eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection in children].

Efficacy of sequential eradication therapy for H. pylori was studied in 176 adolescents (mean age 14.3 years) with different PPI metabolism types. Group I consisted from the patients received omeprazole as PPI in combined treatment with amoxycilline, clarithromycine and tinidazole, Group II--patients treated with rabeprazole in the combination with the same antibacterial drugs. In all the patients, CYP2C19 genotype was identified as a control rate of PPI metabolism (extensive, intermediate and poor metabolizers). Sequential therapy in the children with intermediate and poor metabolic activity demonstrated a high eradication rate irrespective of PPI type (> 80%). In the patients with extensive metabolism taking omeprazole, eradication standard turned out to be lower (63.4%) than in the rabeprazole group (82.3%) (p = 0.026). Results of our survey confirmed a potential advantage of rabeprazole-based treatment compared with omeprazole-containing regimen in the sequential treatment of H. pylori infection in childhood.

[Identification of the causative agent of echinococcosis in the population of the South Urals].

The topicality of the problem associated with echinococcosis granulosus in the South Urals is determined by its wide spread and a considerable economic damage made to this region by this invasion. The study was undertaken to reveal the intraspecific affiliation of Echinococcus granulosus that induces hydatid disease in the population of the South Urals. Samples for studies were taken from the fertile larval cysts obtained during intraoperative intervention in patients with hydatid disease. As morphological criteria for differentiation, the authors examined the proboscis uncuses of protoscolexes. For E. granulosus genomic typing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of DNA synthesis was used, as described by Gasser (1998). As a DNA marker, the authors used a fragment of the mitochondrial gene encoding for the first subunit of cytochome-C-oxidase. The DNA fragments obtained by PCR from 9 isolated underwent the direct enzyme dideoxy-sequencing test (Senger, 1977). As a result, the causative agent of echinococcosis granulosis was first identified in the patient of the South Urals. In children and adults, the clinical form of the disease is caused by E. granulosus with the genotype G - common, that of domestic sheep. Comparative analysis of molecular data revealed the presence of genotype G1 variations circulating in the South Urals homologous to the sequences recorded in the GenBank under numbers U50464 and DQ109036.