[Factors influencing the cosmetic outcome in early breast cancer patients following salvage surgery and radioisotope teletherapy]. / Faktori, vliiaeshti v'rkhu kozmetichnite rezultati pri patsientki s ranen rak na mlechnata zhleza sled konservativna khirurgiia i telegamaterapiia.

It is the purpose of the report to analyze the factors exerting effect on the cosmetic outcome in breast cancer patients (I-II clinical stage), following organ-salvaging operation in conjunction with telegammatherapy. Assessment of the cosmetic results in 100 female patients with early mammary gland cancer is done 5 years after complex treatment (conservative surgery, postoperative radiotherapy, and chemo- and/or hormonotherapy when indicated). The influence of eight factors on the cosmetic outcome attained is evaluated through correlative statistical analysis, namely: breast size, scope of the surgical intervention, number of lymph nodes dissected, type of operative cicatrix, dose exposure of the entire mamma, homogeneity of radiation dose distribution in tre entire mammary gland, dose exposure of the tumor bed and adjuvant therapy. The analysis performed points to the important practical implications of three of the factors: size of operative intervention (axillary dissection range), breast volume and homogeneity of the irradiation dose in the entire breast.

[Importance of humoral resistance factors in pig breeding]. / Znachenie na khumuralnite faktori na rezistentnostta pri otglezhdaneto na praseta.

Studied was the age-associated dynamic of gamma globulins and of the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of the blood serum in 30 pigs on a swine-breeding complex. It was found that the bactericidal activity was well manifested in 1- to 3-day-old pigs: 58.2-67.5 per cent. In newborn pigs prior to sucking no bactericidal and lysozyme activity was found. By the tenth to 20th day the bactericidal activity sharply dropped, and later on it slowly rose. Lysozyme activity showed a rising trend from birth up to the 30th day. No gamma-globulins were found in newborns prior to sucking. Their level proved highest in 1- to 3-day-old pigs, and lowest-in 20-day-old ones. Digestive disorders up to the 5th day following birth prevented the utilization of gamma-globulins in colostrum 50 per cent and more.

[Zoohygienic study of the wastes from commercial pig farm complexes]. / Zookhigieno prouchvane na otpadutsite ot promishlenite svinekompleksi.

A year-round study was carried out by seasons at a swine breeding complex for 3,500 fattened pigs. It was found that the concentration of dry matter in the compost is influenced by the way of cleaning in summer and autumn. It was found to be higher in autumn and winter. In winter and spring the device retaining the deposited sediment captured 15-20 per cent of the dry matter, about 32 per cent nitrate nitrogen, 20-44 per cent organic matter, 2-12 per cent ammonia nitrogen, and 3-20 per cent phosphates. In summer and autumn the deposited sediment contained 3-10 per cent dry matter, 3-31 per cent nitrate nitrogen, 2-5 per cent ammonia nitrogen, and 6-10 per cent organic matter. The amount of organisms in the air on the premises varied within a wide range, in TP-6 type building it being 2.5 X 10(6), on an average, and in BC-70 type buildings--1.4 X 10(6) per 1 m3. The choice of building spots should be associated with considerations concerning the amount and type of wastes.

[Conditions for rodent invasion and habitation of swine farm complexes]. / Prouchvane na usloviiata za pronikvane i obitavane na grizachi v svinekompleksite.

Observations were carried out in three breeding complexes to study the conditions under which rodents invaded the premises of pigs. The species composition of the rodents was determined through making use of biometric data. The number of rodents was established via the method of the 'trap-per-24 hr periods', the inquiry-visual method, and the method of the powdered plots. With the use of the 'visual' method at 4 hr intervals the rhythm was found of the activity of rodents as well as the habitats preferred by them. It was established that in all three swine breeding complexes the most active movement at night was at 22.00. The canalization and shafts were shown to be one of the basic ways for rodents to invade the barns, storage-houses, and halls. The wide slits of the grates and fans without nets also contributed to rodent invasion. The conclusion was drawn that with the building patterns used in the swine breeding complexes there were conditions that rendered possible the establishment of habitats in them. Suggested is the working out of normative parameters concerning the rat invasion.

[Populations of harmful rodents on commercial swine-breeding farms and their effect on the technology of swine feeding]. / Vurkhu plutnostta na vrednite grizachi v promishlenite svinekompleksi i vliianieto i ot tekhnologiiata na khranene na svinete.

The effect was studied of the swine-feeding technology in five industrial complexes on the population density of the harmful rodents in them. This made it necessary to estimate the population density of the rodents in each productional section of the swine-breeding complexes, and to work out their technologic characteristic on the nutrition principle. It was established that the population density of rodents correlated positively with their access to feeds. In sections where rated, mechanical, and protected feeding was prectised the number of rodents were considerably lower than in sections with unrated feeding of pigs. It is believed that the rat invasion of the buildings in the industrial swine-breeding complexes is a factor that contributes to the rise of populations of harmful rodents, while the vast access to feeds is of greater importance chiefly for their further development.

[Preventive measures in the use of chicken bedding in lamb fattening]. / Izsledvane profilaktichnite problemi pri izkhranvane na pticha torova postelia na agneta za ugoiavane.

Investigations were carried out on the composition and some properties of the manure bedding from poultry-dressing combines as well as of the complete ration offered together with some beding. High variability of the indices was established so far as the nutrient value and the contamination with occasionally pathogenic bacteria (coli, proteus, and others) and moulds were concerned. No obligatorily pathogenic bacteria and mycotoxins were established. The reasons for illness and culling of lambs fattened with such feed were shown to be associated with the status of the urinary system in the first place. The presence of fungi and bacteria in meals of deep bedding from poultry houses and the occasional presence of chemical compounds in the meat of the fattened animals have made necessary further profound studies aimed at completely elucidating their effect on the health of ruminant animals and the quality of the meat obtained.

[Thermal stability of paneled swine-breeding structures]. / Prouchvane na termostabilnostta na panelni svinevudni sgradi.

Veterinary and hygienic evaluation was made of the thermal stability of panel buildings of the standard BS-70 for the breeding and fattening of pigs. A low correlation was established between the temperature amplitude in- and out-doors, i.e., the thermal stability of the ethologic totality of the buildings was considerable. The correlation between the temperature outdoors and the temperature difference (deltat) as regards the temperature indoors was high and negative, i.e., at lower outdoor temperature the gradient deltat rose, and vice versa. Buildings without heating, having a BS-70 construction retained an optimal temperature regime in the sections for breeding sows, which was within the range of -15 degrees C up to +26 degrees C and in those for fattening--from -21 degrees C up to +24 degrees C. Summer droughts constitute a technologic and technical problem.