[Participation of various bacterial species in translocation in intestines of rats subjected to stress]. / Udzial poszczególnych gatunków bakterii w translokacji jelitowej u szczurów poddanych stresowi.

In the rats, which were treated with impairing factors such as: malnutrition, cooling down and ischaemia, translocation was studied. Aerobes as well as anaerobes which penetrated beyond the intestine into the mesenterium, liver, spleen and kidneys were sought. Bacteria in peripheral blood were not found. The results show that the type of bacterium undergoing translocation does not depend on the factor impairing "intestinal barrier" and translocation mechanisms are most probably the same for all the bacteria found.

[The effect of new diagnostic and treatment methods on the course and prognosis of pancreatic pseudocysts]. / Wplyw nowych metod diagnostycznych i leczniczych na przebieg i rokowanie w rzekomych torbielach trzustki.

We performed a retrospective analysis of 672 patients treated because of acute pancreatitis (AP) in the years 1962-1996. In 95 of them (14%) pancreatic pseudocysts (PP) were diagnosed. Two patient groups were compared: Ist (1962-1985), which consisted of 320 patients with acute pancreatitis, including 20 PP with IInd (1986-1996), comprising 322 patients with AP, including 75 PP. Pancreatic pseudocysts are diagnosed much more frequently nowadays (6-23%), especially in men with AP of alcohol etiology. Ultrasound CAT guided percutaneous drainage of PP proved to be an effective method of treatment in 64% of patients. Indications and complications of this method were discussed. Thirty-three patients underwent primary operative treatment. The indications were complications of PP and pathologic ER CP findings in pancreatic ducts. Secondary operative treatment was indicated in patients, where percutaneous procedure failed. Pancreatic pseudocysts produce complications much less frequently and the death rate decreased from initial 35 to 5% nowadays. It is mainly due to early diagnosis, monitoring and treatment after introduction of ultrasound and CAT.

[Usefulness of enteral feeding in surgery]. / Przydatnosc zywienia dojelitowego w chirurgii.

Eighty malnourished patients with neoplasms, enteric fistulae, multiorgan trauma and septic complications administered food by means of enteral feeding (EF). It was found that EF prevents weight loss and even causes weight gain in patients, increases total protein and albumin concentrations and decreases urea and creatinine levels in blood which is a proof of catabolism fall. Patient condition improvement and healing of the majority of enteric fistulae was achieved after EF. Factory diet intolerance affected 5% of patients and diarrhoea-6%. Investigations prove that enteral feeding is a good alternative to parenteral nutrition. If enteral feeding follows proper indications, technique and route of administration are chosen the right way, it allows the surgeon to perform operation, decreases the number of complications and enables the patient's organism fight septic syndrome. Enteral feeding is a state of the art method of severely ill patient nutrition.

[Results of abdominal operations in patients with liver cirrhosis]. / Wyniki operacji brzusznych u chorych z marskoscia watroby.

A retrospective analysis was done of 45 patients with cirrhosis who were operated on for abdominal diseases and their complications, mainly cholelithiasis. Out of seven studied risk factors, of greatest importance were serum albumin deficiency which appeared in 45% of patients and was fraught with 100% mortality, prothrombin time (in 40%-89% mortality), and jaundice (25%-82% mortality). Postoperative complications occurred in 71% of patients with cirrhosis, mainly hepatic coma (22%), sepsis (35%), haemorrhage (18%), and eventration (22%). Postoperative mortality was 64.5%, including 76% after emergency operations, and 54% after elective surgery. After operations on the bile ducts 55% patients died. So the operations should not be performed in asymptomatic cholelithiasis during cirrhosis since there is no evidence that it deteriorates the patients' condition, and the mortality is very high. The causes are discussed of poor prognosis after surgery in cirrhosis, as well as the principles of management which may contribute to reduction of the number of complications and to a drop in mortality.

[Preliminary results of studies of the incidence, causes and effects of occupational accidents in the Belchatow Industrial District. I. Direct causes of occupational accidents]. / Wstepne wyniki badan nad czestoscia przyczynami i skutkami wypadków przy pracy w Belchatowskim Okreegu Przemyslowym. Czesc I. Bezposrednie przyczyny wypadków Przy pracy.

The work has been aimed at an analysis of accidents at work occurring throughout 1981-1982 at the Belchatów Industrial District. The most common causes of accidents at work have been direct factors resulting mainly from workers' inadvertence or recklessness, improper performance of occupational tasks, lack of appropriate tools, and settlement of private affairs at work. The incidence of accidents at work might be reduced by compliance with safety-and-hygiene-of-work rules, better supervision, work organization and efficient working tools.

[Preliminary results of studies on the incidence, causes and effects of accidents at work in the Belchatów Industrial District. II. Indirect causes of accidents at work]. / Wstepne wyniki badan nad czestoscia, przyczynami i skutkami wypadków prazy pracy w Belchatowskim Okregu Przemyslowym. II. Posrednie przyczyny wypadków przy pracy.

The work is a continuation of studies of accidents at work at the Belchatów Industrial District. Analysed have been indirect factors causing accidents at work. Those factors were found to cause accidents much more often than the direct ones. They are particularly significant for young workers. The season, month, day of month, consecutive working hour and climate did not significantly affect the frequency of accidents.

[Preliminary results of studies on the incidence, causes and effects of occupational accidents in the Belchatów Industrial Region. III. Health effects of occupational accidents]. / Wstepne wyniki badan nad czestoscia, przyczynami i skutkami wypadków przy pracy w Belchatowskim Okregu Przemyslowym. Czesc III. Medyczne skutki wypadków przy pracy.

Health effects of accidents at work at the Belchatów Industrial District have been investigated. Most injuries due to accidents have been bruises, wounds and bone fractures of upper and lower limbs. Much less frequent, as compared to other industrial plants, are injuries of head, chest and abdomen. The causes of those injuries have been discussed. In addition, the activities of occupational health services have been analysed.