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1.
Rev. int. sci. méd. (Abidj.) ; 16(4): 229-232, 2014.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1269153

RESUMO

Introduction. L'extravasation d'un produit de contraste injecte par voie intraveineuse est rare en pratique clinique courante. Son incidence est relativement faible. Cas clinique. Nous rapportons ici l'observation d'un adulte jeune de 40 ans; obese; qui a la suite d'une extravasation de 50 ml de produit de contraste iode dans l'avant-bras droit; a presente des reactions locoregionales immediates accompagnees d'une insuffisance renale aigue. Un traitement symptomatique institue sur la base d'une rehydratation adaptee a ameliore les signes cliniques apres 48 heures avec secondairement normalisation de la fonction renale. Conclusion. La toxicite des produits de contraste iode est connue et liee a leur osmolarite elevee et a l'importance de la quantite extravasee dans le tissu sous cutane


Assuntos
Relatos de Casos , Meios de Contraste , Extravasamento de Materiais Terapêuticos e Diagnósticos , Obesidade , Insuficiência Renal
2.
Rev. int. sci. méd. (Abidj.) ; 16(4): 229-232, 2014.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1269155

RESUMO

Introduction. L'extravasation d'un produit de contraste injecte par voie intraveineuse est rare en pratique clinique courante. Son incidence est relativement faible. Cas clinique. Nous rapportons ici l'observation d'un adulte jeune de 40 ans; obese; qui a la suite d'une extravasation de 50 ml de produit de contraste iode dans l'avant-bras droit; a presente des reactions locoregionales immediates accompagnees d'une insuffisance renale aigue. Un traitement symptomatique institue sur la base d'une rehydratation adaptee a ameliore les signes cliniques apres 48 heures avec secondairement normalisation de la fonction renale. Conclusion. La toxicite des produits de contraste iode est connue et liee a leur osmolarite elevee et a l'importance de la quantite extravasee dans le tissu sous cutane


Assuntos
Meios de Contraste , Nefropatias Diabéticas , Extravasamento de Materiais Terapêuticos e Diagnósticos , Obesidade , Insuficiência Renal
3.
Rev Med Interne ; 32(5): 275-82, 2011 May.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21112131

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Immunosenescence embraces the whole of age-induced changes observed in the immunomodulatory functions of a living organism, and is mostly characterized by a decrease in cell-mediated immunity and important modifications of the immunological repertoire. The impact of the pathology on ageing immunity is poorly understood and few data are available on the immunological status of old polypathological patients. METHODS: We report the results of a prospective study aiming at characterizing several established immunological parameters in patients of 75 years old or more, and admitted for diverse pathologies in a unit of acute geriatric ward. RESULTS: Among the 51 included patients (35 women and 16 men), 90% displayed poly-pathologies. We found a prevalence of 86% of immunological abnormalities, with lymphopenia among 41% of the patients (<1500/mm(3)) and abnormal lymphocytes phenotypes among 95% of the oldest patients (>85 years). A strong skewing towards memory T lymphocytes (CD45RO+) over naive T lymphocytes (CD45RA+) was found in 80% of the cases and inverted CD4/CD8 T cells ratio was observed in 12% of our patients. Vitamin D insufficiency (<30ng/ml), which is frequent among the patients (94%), is a predictive factor for T and B cell lymphopenia. CONCLUSION: Immunological abnormalities are frequent in this frail population and lymphopenia, in particular, could constitute a reinforcing factor of fragility. Vitamin D deficiency could also affect elderly patients' immunity.


Assuntos
Envelhecimento/imunologia , Linfopenia/epidemiologia , Linfopenia/imunologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/imunologia , Feminino , Idoso Fragilizado , França/epidemiologia , Humanos , Linfócitos/imunologia , Masculino , Fenótipo , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Cuidados Intermitentes/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Risco , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Deficiência de Vitamina D/complicações
4.
Mali Med ; 25(1): 37-41, 2010.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21441082

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of antiretroviral treatment in elderly people followed at the Unit for Infectious and Tropical Diseases at the University Hospital in Abidjan. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective descriptive study of the files of people aged at least 60 years, infected by HIV who were treated and followed-up in the Unit between 1 January 1999 and 31 December 2006. We analysed sociodemographic (age, sex), clinical (weight, Karnofsky scale, CDC, opportunistic infections), biological (HIV, CD4, haemogram, glycaemia, creatininaemia, transaminasaemia) and therapeutic (antiretroviral regimens, evolution, side-effects) parameters. The efficacy of treatment was evaluated as the percentage of patients with < 200 CD4/ml, and its safety was based on deleterious effects. RESULTS: We studied 62 patients (44 men, 18 women), of whom 13 had been treated (21%), 46 had not been treated (74.2%) and 48 (77.4%) were undergoing chemoprophy-laxis with cotrimoxazole. Most were infected with HIV1 (93.6%), 3.2% with HIV2 and 3.2% with both HIV1 and HIV2. The majority (93.3%) was symptomatic, and 67.8% had AIDS. During 34 months of follow-up, 48 patients (77.4%) received first-line treatment, 13 (21%) received second-line and only one patient (1.6%) had third-line treatment. The percentage of patients with more than 200 CD4/ml increased from 20% at baseline to 36% at 6 months and 39% at 12 months. The main clinical side-effect was peripheral neuropathy (30.5%), and the main biological effect was hypertransaminasaemia > 2N (32.3%). The median rate of loss to follow-up was 17.7%, and two patients (3.2%) died. CONCLUSION: Antiretroviral treatment is effective in the elderly, with few biological disorders. A prospective study of a larger sample would elucidate the differences from younger people in the efficacy of such treatment.


Assuntos
Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , HIV-1 , HIV-2 , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/epidemiologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fármacos Anti-HIV/efeitos adversos , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/epidemiologia , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/etiologia , Côte d'Ivoire/epidemiologia , Bases de Dados Factuais , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Seguimentos , Gastroenteropatias/induzido quimicamente , Gastroenteropatias/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Hospitais Universitários/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/induzido quimicamente , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
5.
Mali méd. (En ligne) ; 25(1): 37-41, 2010.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1265619

RESUMO

Objectif : Evaluer l'efficacite du traitement antiretroviral chez les sujets ages suivis dans le service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales a Abidjan. Materiel et Methodes : Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective; descriptive et portant sur l'analyse des dossiers de sujets ages d'au moins 60 ans; infectes par le VIH; traites et suivis dans le service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales entre le 1er janvier 1999 et le 31 decembre 2006. L'analyse a porte sur les parametres sociodemographiques (age; sexe); cliniques ARV; (poids; score Karnofsky; stade CDC; affections opportunistes); biologiques (type de VIH; CD4; hemogramme; glycemie; creatininemie; transaminasemie) et therapeutiques (regimesA RV; evolution; effets secondaires). L'efficacite du traitement etait basee sur le pourcentage de patients ayant un taux de CD4 200 / ml et la tolerance basee sur les effets deleteres. Resultats : L'etude a concerne 62 sujets ages (44 hommes / 18 femmes); dont 13 pretraites (21); 46 naifs (74;20) et 48 (77;42) sous chimioprophylaxie au cotrimoxazole. La majorite de l'effectif etait infectee par le VIH1 (93;60) contre 3;20pour le VIH2 et 3;20pour le VIH 1+2. Ils etaient symptomatiques a 93;3avec 67;8au stade SIDA. En trente quatre mois de suivi; 48 patients ont recu un regime de premiere ligne (77;4) ; 13 de deuxieme ligne (20;96) et un seul patient avait un regime de troisieme ligne (1;6). L'analyse des resultats a montre que le pourcentage des patients ayant un taux des CD4 200 etait croissant; passant de 20a M0 a 36a M6 puis 39a M12. Quant aux effets secondaires; ils etaient cliniquement domines par les neuropathies peripheriques (30;5) et biologiquement par l'hypertransaminasemie 2N (32;3). Le taux median de perdus de vue etait de 17;7; et 2 patients (3;22) sont decedes. Conclusion : Le traitement ARV est efficace chez les personnes agees avec peu d'anomalies biologiques; aussi; une etude prospective sur un plus grand echantillonnage permettrait-elle de mieux percevoir les differences avec le sujet jeune


Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida , Idoso , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Infecções por HIV
6.
Med Trop (Mars) ; 66(2): 162-6, 2006 Apr.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16775940

RESUMO

At the beginning of the HIV epidemic, the incidence of the complications considered as emergencies was high in developed countries but with the advent of new therapeutic strategies the frequency of such complications and the associated need for emergency treatment decreased drastically. In developing countries where management resources remain limited, HIV/AIDS patients are still exposed to the risk of serious complications. However few studies have documented exact implication of HIV/AIDS in medical emergencies hospitals in developing countries. The purpose of this prospective study was to describe medical emergencies related to HIV infection in adult patients admitted at Treichvilie University Hospital Center. Evaluation of prevalence was carried out in the infections disease and internal medicine emergency units between May 1999 and January 2000. All patients over the age of 15 years were included after informed consent to undergo pre-testing and HIV serology. A total of 400 patients were recruited including 312 that were HIV positive (78%). Mean patient age of patients was 35 years. The male-to-female sex ratio was 1. The most frequent motives for emergency consultation were deterioration of general condition (62%), diarrhea (39.1%) and cough (20.5%). Illness was chronic in 54% of cases. Physical signs were severe weight lost (84%), fever (50%), pale conjunctivas (29%), respiratory signs (19.2%) and dehydration (19%). The most frequent organic involvement causing admission was digestive (39.7%), neurological (24.4%) and pulmonary (20.5%). No deaths were observed. Most medical emergencies related to the HIV infection in the adult involved opportunistic diseases. They pose a challenge for therapeutic management.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/diagnóstico , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Côte d'Ivoire/epidemiologia , Emergências , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Medicina Tropical
7.
Rev. int. sci. méd. (Abidj.) ; 8(1): 55-60, 2006. tab
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1269184

RESUMO

Contexte : Le diabète sucré, notamment le type 2 est responsable de complications dégénératives en particulier la neuropathie. L'atteinte vésicale neuropathique qui est la cystopathie est l'objet de notre travail. Objectif : Décrire les facteurs de risque pouvant influencer l'apparition de la cystopathie. Matériel et méthodes : Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale prospective à visée descriptive qui s'est déroutée du 19 juin au 19 juillet 2005 au centre antidiabétique d'Abidjan (CADA). Elle a porté sur une population de 74 diabétiques régulièrement suivis au CADA. Résultats : Il en ressort une prédominance du diabète de type 2 avec 89,2%, un âge moyen de 50 ans et prédominance du sexe masculin avec un sex-ratio de 2,7. Les données cliniques sont caractérisées par une prévalence des troubles urinaires estimée à 20,3%, une prédominance de la dysurie soit 66,7% par rapport à l'ensemble des troubles urinaires. Les facteurs de risque cardio-vasculaires existent dans cette population de diabétique, avec 31% d'hypertension artérielle, 24,3% de dyslipidémie et 17,6% d'obésité. Nos patients ont un mauvais équilibre glycémique avec une valeur moyenne de l'hémoglobine glyquée à 8,3% .La glycémie joue un rôle essentiel dans l'apparition de la cystopathie. Conclusion : Les facteurs cardiovasculaire (hypertension, dyslipidémie et obésité) existent dans notre série mais n'influencent pas l'apparition de la cystopathie. C'est le mauvais équilibre glycémique qui joue un rôle essentiel. La réalisation d'une échographie suspubienne à travers la mesure des volumes pré et post mictionnel est d'un apport utile au diagnostic


Assuntos
Côte d'Ivoire , /complicações , Neuropatias Diabéticas
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