Efficacy and safety of submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection for multiple submucosal tumors of upper gastrointestinal tract / 中华消化内镜杂志

In order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) for the treatment of multiple submucosal tumors (SMT) in the upper gastrointestinal tract, data of 24 cases with upper gastrointestinal SMT (including 56 SMT lesions) treated at Taizhou Municipal Hospital and Shanghai East Hospital from January 2016 to June 2021 were collected for retrospective observation. The treatment effect, occurrence of major adverse events and follow-up results were analyzed. The results showed that 19 cases (79.2%) underwent tumor resection through one tunnel, and 5 cases (20.8%) underwent tumor resection through two tunnels. The length of the tunnel was 3-12 cm, with an average of 6.2 cm. The surgical time ranged from 19 to 130 minutes, with an average of 55.6 minutes. The overall resection rate was 89.29% (50/56). The hospitalization time was 2-7 days, with an average of 3.5 days. Major adverse events occurred in 2 cases (8.3%), all of which were mucosal injuries, and were cured with titanium clips and self expanding metal sealing stents. During a follow-up period of 6-64 months, with an average of 32.0 months, there was no residual tumor, tumor implantation tunnel, local recurrence, distant metastasis or death. To sum up, STER is safe and feasible for the treatment of multiple SMT in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The main resection method is single tunnel, and double tunnel is required for multiple SMT far apart.

Relationship between intestinal flora and location and nature of diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome in Traditional Chinese Medicine / 国际中医中药杂志

Irritable bowel syndrome is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder, among which diarrhea-type irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is the main type in China, which is seriously affecting the quality of life for patients. The pathogenesis of IBS-D is still unclear. It has been found that Intestinal flora disorder is an important pathogenesis of IBS-D. There is a close relationship between intestinal flora and IBS-D TCM syndrome types, and there are differences in intestinal flora of different TCM syndrome types of IBS-D. However, TCM syndrome types are a complex and multi-factor combination. Therefore, based on the TCM theory of nature and location of disease, this article proposed the following conclusions through analyzing previous studies on intestinal flora of different TCM syndromes of IBS-D, including that the intestinal flora of different TCM syndromes have different characteristics and there are differences in the functions of flora, deficiency and excess of disease are associated with the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora, cold and heat of disease are related to the proportion of beneficial bacteria and opportunistic pathogens, and the characteristics of intestinal flora are the microcosmic manifestation of the disease position of TCM. In addition, this article also proposed the application of fecal bacteria transplantation based on the theory of nature and location of disease. Based on this theory, the study on intestinal flora of IBS-D can provide help for objectification of TCM syndrome types, and also provide TCM research ideas for revealing the pathogenesis of IBS-D.

Epidemiological analysis of human brucellosis in Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2016 to 2020 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To analyze the epidemic status and characteristics of human brucellosis in Ordos City, and to provide basis for formulating perfect prevention and control countermeasures of brucellosis.Methods:The data of reported human brucellosis cases in Ordos City from 2016 to 2020 were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the distributions of time, region and population.Results:Totally 2 861 cases of human brucellosis were reported in Ordos City from 2016 to 2020. The average annual incidence rate was 27.68/100 000 and no deaths. The incidence rate of human brucellosis decreased year by year from 2016 to 2018 (24.11/100 000, 20.82/100 000, 20.11/100 000). But the incidence rate began to pick up in 2019 (24.59/100 000) and rose to 48.53/100 000 in 2020. The incidence peak was from March to August (1 882 cases). The cases had been reported in all over 9 banners (districts) of the city. The cumulative number of reported cases from more to less was Hangjin Banner, Dalat Banner, Otog Front Banner, Jungar Banner, Otog Banner, Dongsheng District, Wushen County, Ejin Horo Banner and Kangbashi District. The cases were predominantly male, and the sex ratio of male to female was 2.23∶1.00 (1 974 ∶ 887). The onset was mainly young and middle-aged adults, and the age was mainly 30-69 years old (2 541 cases). Farmers accounted for 65.26% (1 867 cases) in all reported cases, followed by herdsmen, accounting for 18.98% (543 cases).Conclusions:There is an obvious upward trend of human brucellosis in Ordos City in recent years, mainly among young and middle-aged male farmers. Health education for key populations should be strengthened, as well as personal protection during high-risk operations.

Research progresses in roles of LncRNA and its relationships with breast cancer.

Some progresses have been made in research of long non-coding RNA (hereunder referred to as LncRNA) related to breast cancer. Lots of data about LncRNA transcription concerning breast cancer have been obtained from large-scale omics research (e.g. transcriptomes and chips). Some LncRNAs would become indices for detecting breast cancer and judging its development and prognosis. LncRNAs may affect genesis and development of breast cancer in multiple ways. Perhaps they could develop into potential targets for treating breast cancer if they are carcinogenic. Like those from other studies of breast cancer, many data gained from omics research remain to be validated by much experimental work. For instance, it is still necessary to demonstrate reliability of LncRNAs as indices for diagnosing breast cancer and judging its prognosis (particularly for various subtypes of breast cancer), effectiveness and feasibility of these genes for treating breast cancer as targets. In this paper, recent years' literatures about LncRNAs which are related to breast cancer are summarized and sorted out to review the research progresses in relationships between LncRNAs and breast cancer.

Roles of MALAT1 in development and migration of triple negative and Her-2 positive breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: As a type of new targets for prognosis of malignancies, long non-coding RNA MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcription 1) is associated with proliferation and metastatic abilities of several malignancies. However, its relations to development and migration of triple negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2) positive breast cancers haven't been reported. OBJECTIVES: In this paper, we aimed to discuss how MALAT1 is connected with and affects proliferation and invasion abilities of cells in Her-2 positive and triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). METHODS: The expression of MALAT1 in clinical samples with TNBC and Her-2 positive breast cancers was tested by qRT-PCR. The statistical analysis was performed to unveil the potential relationships between the expression of MALAT1 and prognostic factors of breast cancer such as OS (overall survival), RFS (relapse-free survival), number of metastatic lymph nodes and pTNM staging in patients with TNBC or Her-2 positive breast cancer. MALAT1 and XBP1 were knockdown respectively in Her-2 positive cell line MDA-MB-231, and MALAT1 and Her-2 were knockdown respectively in TNBC cell line MDA-MD-435 using siRNA. The alterations of expressions of MALAT1 and related genes were detected by qRT-PCR in two breast cancer cell lines. The changes of proliferation abilities in two cell lines were observed using CCK8 assays. Furthermore, transwell assays were performed to detect changes to invasion abilities of the cells. RESULTS: The expression of MALAT1 in triple negative and Her-2 positive breast cancers was positively correlated to the number of metastatic lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer. MALAT1 promotes proliferation and invasion abilities of breast cancer cells through XBP1 (X-box binding protein 1)-HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor)-1α pathway in MDA-MB-231 and through Her-2 pathway in MDA-MD-435. Moreover, MALAT1 could possibly be involved in regulation of MYC gene and CD47 (an immune checkpoint gene) in both cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggested that MALAT1 is a core signaling molecule for promoting development and migration of triple negative and Her-2 positive breast cancers. It would be employed as common markers for prognosis of the two types of breast cancer mentioned above and potential targets for treating them.

Relationship between lumbar multifidus muscles and degeneration of facet joint with MRI / 实用医学杂志

Objectives To investigate the relationship between the degeneration of lumbar multifidus mus-cles and facet joint osteoarthritis(FJOA)by MRI. Methods This retrospective study included 248 patients with low back and leg pain,aged from 55 to 70.MRI was used to measure TCSA,FCSA,fCSA and FI% of the L4~5and L5~S1segments on the both sides of their multifidus muscle in the cross section in T2weighted image.All the cases were divided into three grades:grade 0~1,grade 2 and grade 3 according to their FJOA grades. The relationship between the FJOA grades at the same level and TCSA,FCSA and FI% of both sides was analyzed retrospectively. Results There were significant differences of the FI% of the multifidus muscle between both sides of the two seg-ments(P < 0.05);The TCSA,FCSA and fCSA of the left and right multifidus muscle all showed an increasing trend from L4~5to L5~S1segment and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the FI% of two sides of multifidus muscle was negatively correlated with the right FJOA grade at L5~S1segment(P<0.05).There was a re-lationship between females and right FJOA grade at L5~S1segment(all P < 0.05). Whereas,no significant differ-ence was found in other parameters(all P>0.05).Conclusions There is no relationship between the cross-sec-tional area of the multifidus muscle and the FJOA grade. The higher FI% degree of multifidus muscle in the L5~S1 segment is accompanied with a lower grade of FJOA.The degeneration of multifidus muscle occurs earlier than the degeneration of articular process joints,so the earlier exercise of lumbar muscle is recommended.

Preventive and therapeutic strategies of breast cancer-related lymphedema / 中华全科医师杂志

Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is one of the common complications after surgery.The pathogenesis of BCRL is unclear,and there is no definitely effective treatment for it.In this article we review the pathogenesis,risk factors and treatment of BCRL,propose the comprehensive strategies for prevention and treatment of BCRL.

Pharmacokinetics of Qingfengteng cataplasma transdermal delivery by electroporation / 中草药

Objective To study the effects on electroporation of Qingfengteng cataplasma transdermal absorption and describe the characteristics of animal pharmacokinetics of it.Methods Two-chamber diffusion cell was used and the plasma drug concentration was determined by HPLC.The application of AIC theory to analysis of the compartmentally based model of sinomenine transdermal delivery by electroporation.Results The Cmax,Ka,and AUC0→∞ of electroporation was larger than those of passive diffusion;t1/2(Ka)and tmax of electroporation were reduced compared with passive diffusion.The drug concentration-curve equation were C=2.884?(e-0.056 t-e-0.232 t)and C=2.512?(e-0.058 t-e-0.149 t)for electroporation and passive diffusion,respectively.Conclusion The change of in vivo drug concentration of Qingfengteng calaplasma transdermal absorption by electroporation could be analized in accordance with mammillary one-compartment open model.The etrectroporation technology could sharply enhance the bioavalibility compared with the passive diffusion.