Oral submucous fibrosis: A clinico-histopathological correlational study.

AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was to correlate the clinical staging (clinical severity) with the histopathological staging (histopathological changes) of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) patients, which would further assist the clinicians to formulate a definite treatment plan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 50 subjects who were clinically and histologically diagnosed as OSF. Detailed information was gathered in a pretested proforma with emphasis on the various addictions. The clinical findings were noted; punch biopsy was performed followed by histological examination. Clinical and histological staging were divided into four stages, as Stages I-IV according to Khanna and Andrade classification. RESULTS: The 50 subjects were in the age range of 18-70 years, of which 20 patients were in clinical Group III, 15 were in histopathological stage III, 2, 1, and 2 in Stage II, Stage I, and Stage IV, respectively, out of 5 patients in clinical Group IV, 4 were in histopathological staging IV and 1 was in Stage III, out of 5 patients in clinical Group I, 3 and 2 were in histologic Stages II and I, respectively. Statistical analysis with Chi-square test showed high significance with P < 0.001. CONCLUSION: The correlation of clinical and histopathological staging was found to be highly significant, thus suggesting that the subject with clinically advanced OSF had extensive fibrosis histologically.

Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Light Intensities and Curing Cycles of QTH, and LED Lights on Microleakage of Class V Composite Restorations.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of light intensity and curing cycles of QTH and LED lights on the microleakage of Class V composite restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty freshly extracted human maxillary premolars were used for this study. Standardized Class V cavities were prepared and they were restored with microhybrid resin composite. According to the curing protocol, the teeth were then divided into 4 groups (n=20): QTH curing (standard and soft start modes), and LED (standard and soft start modes) irradiations. Microleakage was evaluated by immersion of the samples in 50% silver nitrate solution. The samples were then sectioned, evaluated under a stereomicroscope, and scored for microleakage. RESULTS: The results of the present in-vitro study showed mean dye leakage scores of 1.9, 1.2, 1.45 and 0.90 for Group I (QTH-Standard mode), Group II (QTH-Soft Start mode), Group III (LED-Standard mode) and Group IV (LED-Soft Start mode) respectively. CONCLUSION: It was thus concluded that the soft start polymerization showed a highly significant difference as compared to the standard curing modes of QTH and LED lights, respectively.

Evaluation of the effect of water on three different light cured composite restorative materials stored in water: an in vitro study.

Objectives. The objective of this in vitro study was to investigate whether weight gain or loss in the three different composites occurs due to water absorption when they are stored in water. Methods. The composite restorative materials selected for this study included a microfine hybrid (Synergy) and two nanofilled composite restorative materials (Ceram X and Filtek Supreme Ultra). Twenty specimens of each material were fabricated of each composite material. Group A: Filtek Supreme Ultra, Group B: Synergy, Group C: Ceram X. Then all the specimens were stored in 10 ml Distilled water containing test tubes and placed in incubator at 37°C for six weeks. The weight changes of these specimens were measured daily for the first week and later once a week for next five weeks by using an electrical analytical balance. Results. The data was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Student's t test. All groups showed maximum amount of water absorption in the first week than gradual decrease in the water absorption from the second to the sixth week, as compared to the first week and there is no statistically significant difference between the groups tested. Conclusion. All the composite restorative material absorbs some amount of water. The water absorption of the composite may decrease the physical and mechanical properties of the composites; hence it is necessary to consider the type of the material before starting the treatment.

Evaluation of weight change in three different light cured composite restorative materials stored in water: An in vitro study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The objective of this in vitro study was to investigate whether weight gain in three different composites occurs due to water absorption, when stored in water. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The composite restorative materials selected for this study included a micro-fine hybrid (Synergy) and two nano-filled composites (CERAM X duo and FILTEK Z 350). Twenty specimens of each material were fabricated with each composite material.- Group A: Filtek Z 350, Group B: Synergy, and Group C: CERAM X Duo. Then all the specimens were stored in 10 ml distilled water in test tubes, and then placed in an incubator at 37oC for six weeks. The weight changes of these specimens were measured daily for the first week, and, later, once a week, for the next five weeks, by using an electrical analytical balance. RESULTS: The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Student 't' test. There was a tendency for the weight of the specimens to increase with the passage of time, when stored in water. All the groups showed maximum amount of water absorption in the first week; then there was a gradual decrease in the water absorption, from the second to the sixth week. Synergy showed the maximum amount of water absorption in the first week, as compared to FILTEK Z 350 and Ceram X Duo. However, FILTEK Z 350 showed the maximum amount of water absorption from the second week to the sixth week, as compared to Ceram X Duo and Synergy. CONCLUSION: All composite restorative materials absorb some amount of water. The water absorption of the composite may decrease the physical and mechanical properties of the composites; hence, it is necessary to consider the type of the material before starting treatment.