RESUMO
ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the effect of pupil dilation on intraocular pressure in preterm and term newborns. Methods: This prospective study involved 55 eyes of 28 preterm infants and 38 eyes of 20 term infants. The infants were divided into two groups according to their gestational ages at birth as follows: preterm group, <37 weeks and term group, ≥37 weeks. Pupil dilation was attained with tropicamide 0.5% and phenylephrine 2.5%. Intraocular pressure measurements were performed with Icare PRO (Icare Finland Oy, Helsinki, Finland) before and after pupil dilation. A paired t test was used to compare the measurements before and after pupil dilation. Results: The mean intraocular pressure change was -1.04 ± 3.03 mmHg (6.20/-11.40 mmHg) in the preterm group and -0.39 ± 2.81 mmHg (4.60/-9.70 mmHg) in the term group. A statistically significant difference in intraocular pressure was observed only in the preterm group after pupil dilation (p=0.01). Conclusion: An unexpected alteration in intraocular pressure in newborns may occur after pupil dilation, especially in preterm infants.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da dilatação da pupila sobre a pressão intraocular em recém-nascidos pré-termo e a termo. Métodos: Este estudo prospectivo envolveu 55 olhos de 28 bebês pré-termo e 38 olhos de 20 bebês a termo. Os bebês foram divididos em dois grupos, pré-termo e a termo, de acordo com a idade gestacional ao nascimento: grupo pré-termo <37 semanas; grupo a termo ≥37 semanas. A dilatação da pupila foi feita com tropicamida 0,5% e fenilefrina 2,5%. As medições da pressão intraocular foram realizadas com Icare PRO (Icare Finland Oy, Helsinki, Finlândia) antes e depois da dilatação da pupila. O teste t pareado foi usado para comparar as medidas antes e depois da dilatação da pupila. Resultados: A alteração média da pressão intraocular foi de -1,04 ± 3,03 mmHg (+6,20/-11,40 mmHg) no grupo pré-termo e -0,39 ± 2,81 mmHg (+4,60/-9,70 mmHg) no grupo a termo. Uma diferença estatisticamente significativa na pressão intraocular foi observada apenas no grupo pré-termo após a dilatação da pupila (p=0,01). Conclusão: Após a dilatação da pupila, pode ocorrer alteração inesperada da pressão intraocular em recém-nascidos, principalmente em bebês pré-termo.
RESUMO
Objectives: To determine whether treatment time of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) has any effect on refractive amblyopia risk factors (ARFs). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study and it was conducted in the Pediatric Ophthalmology Department at Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital. The ages of 174 patients who underwent probing were obtained from electronic medical charts and used to divide the patients into two groups: an early-probing group (<24 months old) and a late-probing group (≥24 months old). After inclusion criteria were applied, a pediatric ophthalmologist examined 189 eyes of the 174 patients. The groups were evaluated and compared for cycloplegic refractive errors. Results: The median age of patients who underwent probing was 30 months (ranging from 11-44 months). A total of 40 of 189 eyes (21.2%) examined had refractive ARFs, which were significantly more prevalent in the late-probing group (p=0.044). The ARFs associated with astigmatism were greater in the late- versus the early-probing group (p=0.037), whereas no other refractive ARFs or anisometropia differed between the groups (p=0.887 for myopia, p=0.364 for hyperopia, and p=0.672 for anisometropia). Astigmatic ARFs were significantly higher in the late-treatment group. Conclusion: Astigmatic ARFs were significantly higher in the late-treatment group. Therefore, ophthalmologists should regularly monitor the refractive status of children with CNLDO, especially those treated after 24 months old.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of pupil dilation on intraocular pressure in preterm and term newborns. METHODS: This prospective study involved 55 eyes of 28 preterm infants and 38 eyes of 20 term infants. The infants were divided into two groups according to their gestational ages at birth as follows: preterm group, <37 weeks and term group, ≥37 weeks. Pupil dilation was attained with tropicamide 0.5% and phenylephrine 2.5%. Intraocular pressure measurements were performed with Icare PRO (Icare Finland Oy, Helsinki, Finland) before and after pupil dilation. A paired t test was used to compare the measurements before and after pupil dilation. RESULTS: The mean intraocular pressure change was -1.04 ± 3.03 mmHg (6.20/-11.40 mmHg) in the preterm group and -0.39 ± 2.81 mmHg (4.60/-9.70 mmHg) in the term group. A statistically significant difference in intraocular pressure was observed only in the preterm group after pupil dilation (p=0.01). CONCLUSION: An unexpected alteration in intraocular pressure in newborns may occur after pupil dilation, especially in preterm infants.
