RESUMO
La neuropsicología está desarrollándose y migrando a otras áreas tales como la judicial, en donde el neuropsicólogo forense ayuda al juez a tomar decisiones ecuánimes e imparciales, sin embargo, nace como problemática el fenómeno de la simulación de déficits neurocognitivos con el propósito de obtener ganancias secundarias. Este artículo tiene como objetivo abordar dicho fenómeno mediante una sistematización bibliográfica, estableciendo un marco teórico-comprensivo del fenómeno, así como también identificando las principales herramientas para su detección. Se esquematizan apartados que forman un hilo conductor que arrojan como resultado que la detección de la simulación de déficits neurocognitivos es una tarea compleja, multidimensional y que debería tener un enfoque holístico, por lo tanto, es necesario seguir investigando al respecto para perfeccionar sus métodos de identificación.
Neuropsychology is developing and migrating to other areas such as the judicial, where the forensic neuropsychologist helps the judge to make fair and impartial decisions, however, the phenomenon of the simulation of neurocognitive deficits with the purpose of obtaining secondary gains is born as a problem. This article aims to address this phenomenon through a bibliographic systematization, establishing a theoretical-comprehensive framework of the phenomenon, as well as identifying the main tools for its detection. Thus, sections are outlined that form a common thread that show as a result that the detection of the simulation of neurocognitive deficits is a complex, multidimensional task and that it should have a holistic approach, therefore, it is necessary to continue researching in this regard. to perfect its results identification methods.
Assuntos
Humanos , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/diagnóstico , Simulação de Doença , Testes NeuropsicológicosRESUMO
The main pathogenic process underlying dialysis-related amyloidosis is the accumulation of ß-2-microglobulin (ß2m) as amyloid fibrils in the musculoskeletal system, and some evidence suggests that Cu(II) may play a role in ß2m amyloid formation. Cu(II)-induced ß2m fibril formation is preceded by the formation of discrete, oligomeric intermediates, including dimers, tetramers, and hexamers. In this work, we use selective covalent labeling reactions combined with mass spectrometry to investigate the amino acids responsible for mediating tetramer formation in wild-type ß2m. By comparing the labeling patterns of the monomer, dimer, and tetramer, we find evidence that the tetramer interface is formed by the interaction of D strands from one dimer unit and G strands from another dimer unit. These covalent labeling data along with molecular dynamics calculations allow the construction of a tetramer model that indicates how the protein might proceed to form even higher-order oligomers.
Assuntos
Amiloide/química , Precursores de Proteínas/química , Microglobulina beta-2/química , Animais , Bovinos , Galinhas , Cobre/química , Cristalografia por Raios X , Cavalos , Humanos , Luz , Multimerização Proteica , Espalhamento de Radiação , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray , Coloração e Rotulagem , Espectrometria de Massas em TandemRESUMO
Beta-2-microglobulin (beta2m) self-associates into fibrillar amyloid deposits in the musculoskeletal system of patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. Previous studies have shown that stoichiometric amounts of Cu(II) at near physiological conditions can cause beta2m to organize into native-like dimers prior to forming amyloid fibrils. Here, we report the results from selective covalent labeling reactions combined with mass spectrometry that provide insight into the amino acid residues that mediate dimer formation in the wild-type protein. Using three complementary covalent labeling reagents, we find that the dimer interface is formed by the antiparallel stacking of ABED beta-sheets from two beta2m monomers. In addition, our data clearly indicate that a dimer interface involving the interactions of D-D strands from separate protein units as seen in the recent crystal structures of two mutant beta2m oligomers is unlikely.
Assuntos
Amiloide/biossíntese , Amiloide/química , Mapeamento de Interação de Proteínas , Multimerização Proteica , Microglobulina beta-2/biossíntese , Microglobulina beta-2/química , Aminoácidos/química , Animais , Bovinos , Galinhas , Cobre/metabolismo , Cavalos , Humanos , Mapeamento de Interação de Proteínas/instrumentação , Mapeamento de Interação de Proteínas/métodos , Estrutura Secundária de Proteína , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray , Coloração e Rotulagem , Propriedades de Superfície , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Microglobulina beta-2/metabolismoRESUMO
We have performed equilibrium and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to study how microwave (MW)-heated zeolite systems relax to thermal equilibrium. We have simulated the relaxation of both ionic and dipolar phases in FAU-type zeolites, finding biexponential relaxation in all cases studied. Fast-decay times were uniformly below 1 ps, while slow-decay times were found to be as long as 14 ps. Fast-decay times increase with an increase in the initial temperature difference between MW-heated ions/dipoles and the equilibrium system. Slow-decay times were found to be relatively insensitive to the details of the MW-heated nonequilibrium state. Velocity, force, and orientational correlation functions, calculated at equilibrium to explore the natural dynamics of energy transfer, decay well before 1 ps and show little evidence of biexponential decay. In contrast, kinetic energy correlation functions show strong biexponential behavior with slow-decay times as long as 14 ps. We suggest a two-step mechanism involving initial, efficient energy transfer mediated by strongly anharmonic zeolite-guest forces, followed by a slower process mediated by weakly anharmonic couplings among normal modes of the zeolite framework. In addition to elucidating relaxation from MW-heated states, we expect that these studies will shed light on energy transfer in other contexts, such as adsorption and reaction in zeolites, which often involve significant heat release.
RESUMO
According to the literature, a significant number of patients present with mental-status changes following total joint arthroplasty. It has been postulated that mental-status changes would be increased in patients undergoing bilateral joint arthroplasty. To assess the mental status of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), a validated test was performed in a prospective fashion. Thirty patients underwent unilateral TKA, and 30 underwent sequential simultaneous bilateral TKA. The Folstein Mini Mental Status examination was performed before and after surgery. No significant changes were noted in this patient population after surgery. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the unilateral and the bilateral groups.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho/psicologia , Entrevista Psiquiátrica Padronizada , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Análise de Variância , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations show that steady-state systems obtained by microwave heating are qualitatively different from those at thermal equilibrium. This difference arises because energy transfer from hotter to colder species is not efficient enough to equilibrate the distribution of energy. Under nonequilibrium conditions, we found that microwave radiation can selectively heat methanol in a binary mixture of methanol-benzene adsorbed in faujasite zeolite. The difference in steady-state temperatures follows the trend Tmethanol > Tbenzene > Tzeolite, which is qualitatively consistent with recent experimental results.
RESUMO
La cinecoronariografía es un tecnica diagnostica en la cual se introduce un cateter de radio opaco a traves de las arterias humeral y femoral derecha e inzquierda, este cateter se lleva hasta la aorta ascendente donde se manipula, para que quede en la arteria coronaria, que se pretende estudiar por control fluoroscopico. Esta tecnica requiere del personal de enfermeria conocimientos sobre complicaciones y los cuidados oportunos que demandan, sobretodo las 12 primeras horas a su realizacion[AU]
Assuntos
Humanos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/enfermagem , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/normas , Unidades de Cuidados CoronarianosRESUMO
La cinecoronariografía es un tecnica diagnostica en la cual se introduce un cateter de radio opaco a traves de las arterias humeral y femoral derecha e inzquierda, este cateter se lleva hasta la aorta ascendente donde se manipula, para que quede en la arteria coronaria, que se pretende estudiar por control fluoroscopico. Esta tecnica requiere del personal de enfermeria conocimientos sobre complicaciones y los cuidados oportunos que demandan, sobretodo las 12 primeras horas a su realizacion[AU]
Assuntos
Humanos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/enfermagem , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/normas , Unidades de Cuidados CoronarianosRESUMO
La cinecoronariografía es un tecnica diagnostica en la cual se introduce un cateter de radio opaco a traves de las arterias humeral y femoral derecha e inzquierda, este cateter se lleva hasta la aorta ascendente donde se manipula, para que quede en la arteria coronaria, que se pretende estudiar por control fluoroscopico. Esta tecnica requiere del personal de enfermeria conocimientos sobre complicaciones y los cuidados oportunos que demandan, sobretodo las 12 primeras horas a su realizacion
