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1.
Eur J Pediatr ; 182(12): 5465-5471, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37773295

RESUMO

The purpose of the study is to test whether NT-proBNP serves as a screening tool for low-risk patent ductus arteriosus and safely avoids routine early echocardiography. This is a prospective observational study in preterm infants ≤32 weeks of gestational age. Infants with ≥5100 pg/ml (positive screening) at 48-72 hours of life received comprehensive echocardiography and were treated according to shunt severity. Infants with NT-proBNP below 5100 pg/ml (negative screening) were managed expectantly. The main outcome was need for ductus treatment within the first 7 days of life. One hundred twenty-five infants were included; 82 had a negative NT-proBNP screening and 43 had a positive NT-proBNP screening. No infant (0%) with a negative screening was treated for ductus while 26 (60.4%) with a positive screening were treated (p < 0.001). NT-proBNP avoided a 65.6% of routine echocardiograms. NT-proBNP had an excellent performance to predict PDA treatment (AUC = 0.967).Conclusion: NT-proBNP at 48-72 hours of life has an excellent performance to detect low risk and avoids unnecessary echocardiograms. This may contribute to optimize PDA management in terms of resource utilization.


Assuntos
Permeabilidade do Canal Arterial , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Seguimentos , Biomarcadores , Peptídeo Natriurético Encefálico , Permeabilidade do Canal Arterial/diagnóstico por imagem
2.
Arch Microbiol ; 205(3): 81, 2023 Feb 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36738340

RESUMO

Streptomyces, the main source of antibiotics essential for human health, are widely distributed in nature among terrestrial, oceanic and atmospheric environments. New trends in antibiotic discovery are focused in the search for novel bioactive strains in unexplored habitats. We provide here evidence of the presence of diverse Streptomyces populations in wild bird feathers, such as the seagull, Larus michahellis, collected at Northern Spain; the sparrow, Passer domesticus, and the hoopoe, Upupa epops, both collected in Southern Spain. Taxonomic identification of fourteen bioactive strains, by sequencing their 16S rRNA gene and phylogenetic analyses, revealed that all of them are homologous to a total of 10 different Streptomyces. Strains from seagull samples are homologous to other antibiotic producers previously isolated from atmospheric, marine and terrestrial environments in the Cantabrian Sea region, Northern Spain. Isolates form Southern feather samples, from a house sparrow and a Eurasian hoopoe, are homologues to Streptomyces strains previously isolated mainly from soils along the Mediterranean region. The most relevant feature is that they are producers of diverse antibiotics with activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. We report here the successful activation of silent antibiotic biosynthetic pathways in response to changes in environmental conditions, such as incubation temperature and salinity of the culture medium, in agreement with the OSMAC approach, One Strain Many Compounds. The finding of bioactive Streptomyces in bird's plumage might be of relevance, not only in the ecology of Streptomyces-birds associations, but also in medicine and biotechnology since they can be regarded as a potential source for novel antibiotics.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Streptomyces , Animais , Humanos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/metabolismo , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Plumas , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/genética , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/genética , Aves
3.
Front Chem ; 10: 948795, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36405319

RESUMO

Actinobacteria, mostly Streptomyces species, are the main source of natural products essential in medicine. While the majority of producer microorganisms of secondary metabolite are reported from terrestrial or marine environments, there are limited reports of their isolation from atmospheric precipitations. Clouds are considered as atmospheric oases for microorganisms and there is a recent paradigm shift whereby atmospheric-derived Actinobacteria emerge as an alternative source for drug discovery. In this context, we studied a total of 18 bioactive Actinobacteria strains, isolated by sampling nine precipitation events with prevailing Northern winds in the Cantabrian Sea coast, Northern Spain. Backward trajectories meteorological analyses indicate that air masses were originated mostly in the Arctic Ocean, and their trajectory to downwind areas involved the Atlantic Ocean and also terrestrial sources from continental Europe, and in some events from Canada, Greenland, Mauritania and Canary Islands. Taxonomic identification of the isolates, by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, revealed that they are members of three Actinobacteria genera. Fifteen of the isolates are Streptomyces species, thus increasing the number of bioactive species of this genus in the atmosphere to a 6.8% of the total currently validated species. In addition, two of the strains belong to the genus Micromonospora and one to genus Nocardiopsis. These findings reinforce a previous atmospheric dispersal model, extended herein to the genus Micromonospora. Production of bioactive secondary metabolites was screened in ethyl acetate extracts of the strains by LC-UV-MS and a total of 94 secondary metabolites were detected after LC/MS dereplication. Comparative analyses with natural products databases allowed the identification of 69 structurally diverse natural products with contrasted biological activities, mostly as antibiotics and antitumor agents, but also anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antiparasitic, immunosuppressant and neuroprotective among others. The molecular formulae of the 25 remaining compounds were determined by HRMS. None of these molecules had been previously reported in natural product databases indicating potentially novel metabolites. As a proof of concept, a new metabolite caboxamycin B (1) was isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. A-177 and its structure was determined by various spectrometric methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first novel natural product obtained from an atmospheric Streptomyces, thus pointing out precipitations as an innovative source for discovering new pharmaceutical natural products.

4.
Front Microbiol ; 12: 773095, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34858379

RESUMO

Actinobacteria are the main producers of bioactive natural products essential for human health. Although their diversity in the atmosphere remains largely unexplored, using a multidisciplinary approach, we studied here 27 antibiotic producing Actinobacteria strains, isolated from 13 different precipitation events at three locations in Northern and Southern Spain. Rain samples were collected throughout 2013-2016, from events with prevailing Western winds. NOAA HYSPLIT meteorological analyses were used to estimate the sources and trajectories of the air-mass that caused the rainfall events. Five-day backward air masses trajectories of the diverse events reveals a main oceanic source from the North Atlantic Ocean, and in some events long range transport from the Pacific and the Arctic Oceans; terrestrial sources from continental North America and Western Europe were also estimated. Different strains were isolated depending on the precipitation event and the latitude of the sampling site. Taxonomic identification by 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed these strains to belong to two Actinobacteria genera. Most of the isolates belong to the genus Streptomyces, thus increasing the number of species of this genus isolated from the atmosphere. Furthermore, five strains belonging to the rare Actinobacterial genus Nocardiopsis were isolated in some events. These results reinforce our previous Streptomyces atmospheric dispersion model, which we extend herein to the genus Nocardiopsis. Production of bioactive secondary metabolites was analyzed by LC-UV-MS. Comparative analyses of Streptomyces and Nocardiopsis metabolites with natural product databases led to the identification of multiple, chemically diverse, compounds. Among bioactive natural products identified 55% are antibiotics, both antibacterial and antifungal, and 23% have antitumor or cytotoxic properties; also compounds with antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, antiviral, insecticidal, neuroprotective, anti-arthritic activities were found. Our findings suggest that over time, through samples collected from different precipitation events, and space, in different sampling places, we can have access to a great diversity of Actinobacteria producing an extraordinary reservoir of bioactive natural products, from remote and very distant origins, thus highlighting the atmosphere as a contrasted source for the discovery of novel compounds of relevance in medicine and biotechnology.

6.
Mar Drugs ; 17(2)2019 02 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30759848

RESUMO

The isolation and structural elucidation of a structurally new desertomycin, designated as desertomycin G (1), with strong antibiotic activity against several clinically relevant antibiotic resistant pathogens are described herein. This new natural product was obtained from cultures of the marine actinomycete Streptomyces althioticus MSM3, isolated from samples of the intertidal seaweed Ulva sp. collected in the Cantabrian Sea (Northeast Atlantic Ocean). Particularly interesting is its strong antibiotic activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates, resistant to antibiotics in clinical use. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on a member of the desertomycin family displaying such activity. Additionally, desertomycin G shows strong antibiotic activities against other relevant Gram-positive clinical pathogens such as Corynebacterium urealyticum, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, and Clostridium perfringens. Desertomycin G also displays moderate antibiotic activity against relevant Gram-negative clinical pathogens such as Bacteroides fragilis, Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis. In addition, the compound affects viability of tumor cell lines, such as human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and colon carcinoma (DLD-1), but not normal mammary fibroblasts.


Assuntos
Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antituberculosos/farmacologia , Macrolídeos/farmacologia , Microalgas/microbiologia , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/efeitos dos fármacos , Streptomyces/química , Produtos Biológicos/química , Produtos Biológicos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Feminino , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Microalgas/classificação , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
7.
Mar Drugs ; 16(10)2018 Oct 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30297652

RESUMO

Fractionation of the bioactive extract of a culture of the marine derived actinomycete Streptomyces cyaneofuscatus M-157 led to the isolation of the known 3-hydroxyquinaldic acid (4), its amide (5) and three new derivatives (1⁻3) containing different amino acid residues. The structures of the new molecules (1⁻3), including their absolute configuration, were determined by the analysis of their ESI-TOF MS and one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectra and advanced Marfey's analysis of their hydrolyzation products. Compound 3 spontaneously dimerized in solution to give the disulfide derivative 6. Unfortunately, none of the new compounds isolated confirmed the antimicrobial activity found in the bacterial extract, perhaps indicating that such antibacterial activity might be due to presence in the extract at the trace level of larger bioactive 3-hydroxyquinaldic acid derivatives from which compounds 1⁻3 are biosynthetic precursors. Cytotoxicity tests confirmed the moderate and weak IC50 values of 15.6 and 51.5 µM for compounds 5 and 1, respectively.


Assuntos
Actinobacteria/química , Antibacterianos/química , Organismos Aquáticos/química , Ácido Cinurênico/análogos & derivados , Streptomyces/química , Ácido Cinurênico/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/métodos
8.
Mar Drugs ; 16(11)2018 Oct 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30366404

RESUMO

The potent antimicrobial extract of a culture of the marine derived actinomycete Streptomyces cyaneofuscatus M-169 was fractionated by reversed phase flash chromatography and preparative HPLC to yield the new Gram-positive antibiotic, anthracimycin B (1), together with its congener, anthracimycin (2). The structure of the new compound was established by analysis of its ESI-TOF MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectra, and comparison with data published for anthracimycin and anthracimycin BII-2619 (3). Notably, anthracimycin seemed to be the major and almost unique component of the extract detected by HPLC-UV-MS, making our S. cyanofuscatus strain an excellent candidate for further biosynthetic studies of this potent antibiotic.


Assuntos
Bactérias Gram-Positivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Policetídeos/química , Policetídeos/farmacologia , Streptomyces/química , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Organismos Aquáticos/química , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Filogenia , Policetídeos/isolamento & purificação , Streptomyces/genética
9.
Front Microbiol ; 9: 773, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29740412

RESUMO

A cultivation-dependent approach revealed that highly diverse populations of Streptomyces were present in atmospheric precipitations from a hailstorm event sampled in February 2016 in the Cantabrian Sea coast, North of Spain. A total of 29 bioactive Streptomyces strains isolated from small samples of hailstone and rainwater, collected from this hailstorm event, were studied here. Taxonomic identification by 16S rRNA sequencing revealed more than 20 different Streptomyces species, with their closest homologs displaying mainly oceanic but also terrestrial origins. Backward trajectory analysis revealed that the air-mass sources of the hailstorm event, with North Western winds, were originated in the Arctic Ocean (West Greenland and North Iceland) and Canada (Labrador), depending on the altitude. After traveling across the North Atlantic Ocean during 4 days the air mass reached Europe and precipitated as hailstone and rain water at the sampling place in Spain. The finding of Streptomyces species able to survive and disperse through the atmosphere increases our knowledge of the biogeography of genus Streptomyces on Earth, and reinforces our previous dispersion model, suggesting a generalized feature for the genus which could have been essential in his evolution. This unique atmospheric-derived Streptomyces collection was screened for production of bioactive secondary metabolites. Analyses of isolates ethyl acetate extracts by LC-UV-MS and further database comparison revealed an extraordinary diversity of bioactive natural products. One hundred molecules were identified, mostly displaying contrasted antibiotic and antitumor/cytotoxic activities, but also antiparasitic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotector, and insecticide properties. More interestingly, 38 molecules not identified in natural products databases might represent new natural products. Our results revealed for the first time an extraordinary diversity of Streptomyces species in the atmosphere able to produce an extraordinary repertoire of bioactive molecules, thus providing a very promising source for the discovery of novel pharmaceutical natural products.

10.
Mar Drugs ; 15(9)2017 Aug 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28846627

RESUMO

The present article describes a structurally novel natural product of the paulomycin family, designated as paulomycin G (1), obtained from the marine strain Micromonospora matsumotoense M-412, isolated from Cantabrian Sea sediments collected at 2000 m depth during an oceanographic expedition to the submarine Avilés Canyon. Paulomycin G is structurally unique since-to our knowledge-it is the first member of the paulomycin family of antibiotics lacking the paulomycose moiety. It is also the smallest bioactive paulomycin reported. Its structure was determined using HRMS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. This novel natural product displays strong cytotoxic activities against different human tumour cell lines, such as pancreatic adenocarcinoma (MiaPaca_2), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). The compound did not show any significant bioactivity when tested against a panel of bacterial and fungal pathogens.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Cicloexenos/isolamento & purificação , Cicloexenos/farmacologia , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Micromonospora/química , Antibacterianos/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/química , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Cicloexenos/química , Dissacarídeos/química , Dissacarídeos/isolamento & purificação , Dissacarídeos/farmacologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Células MCF-7 , Biologia Marinha , Estrutura Molecular , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Oceanos e Mares , Filogenia , Streptomyces/metabolismo
11.
Mar Drugs ; 15(5)2017 May 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28534807

RESUMO

The present article describes the isolation of a new natural product of the lobophorin family, designated as lobophorin K (1), from cultures of the marine actinobacteria Streptomyces sp. M-207, previously isolated from the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa collected at 1800 m depth during an expedition to the submarine Avilés Canyon. Its structure was determined using a combination of spectroscopic techniques, mainly ESI-TOF MS and 1D and 2D NMR. This new natural product displayed cytotoxic activity against two human tumor cell lines, such as pancreatic carcinoma (MiaPaca-2) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7). Lobophorin K also displayed moderate and selective antibiotic activity against pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus.


Assuntos
Antozoários/microbiologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Macrolídeos/química , Macrolídeos/farmacologia , Streptomyces/metabolismo , Animais , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Macrolídeos/metabolismo , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estrutura Molecular , Filogenia , Streptomyces/genética
12.
J Nat Prod ; 80(2): 569-573, 2017 02 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28169531

RESUMO

Two new antibiotics, branimycins B (2) and C (3), were produced by fermentation of the abyssal actinobacterium Pseudonocardia carboxydivorans M-227, isolated from deep seawater of the Avilés submarine Canyon. Their structures were elucidated by HRMS and NMR analyses. These compounds exhibit antibacterial activities against a panel of Gram-positive bacteria, including Corynebacterium urealyticum, Clostridium perfringens, and Micrococcus luteus, and against the Gram-negative bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. Additionally, branimycin B displayed moderate antibacterial activity against other Gram-negative bacteria such as Bacteroides fragilis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Escherichia coli, and branimycin C against the Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis and methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Macrolídeos/isolamento & purificação , Macrolídeos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Enterococcus faecalis , Bactérias Gram-Negativas , Bactérias Gram-Positivas , Haemophilus influenzae , Macrolídeos/química , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estrutura Molecular , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular
13.
Microb Ecol ; 73(2): 338-352, 2017 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27614749

RESUMO

Marine Actinobacteria are emerging as an unexplored source for natural product discovery. Eighty-seven deep-sea coral reef invertebrates were collected during an oceanographic expedition at the submarine Avilés Canyon (Asturias, Spain) in a range of 1500 to 4700 m depth. From these, 18 cultivable bioactive Actinobacteria were isolated, mainly from corals, phylum Cnidaria, and some specimens of phyla Echinodermata, Porifera, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca and Sipuncula. As determined by 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, all isolates belong to the phylum Actinobacteria, mainly to the Streptomyces genus and also to Micromonospora, Pseudonocardia and Myceligenerans. Production of bioactive compounds of pharmacological interest was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques and subsequent database comparison. Results reveal that deep-sea isolated Actinobacteria display a wide repertoire of secondary metabolite production with a high chemical diversity. Most identified products (both diffusible and volatiles) are known by their contrasted antibiotic or antitumor activities. Bioassays with ethyl acetate extracts from isolates displayed strong antibiotic activities against a panel of important resistant clinical pathogens, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungi, all of them isolated at two main hospitals (HUCA and Cabueñes) from the same geographical region. The identity of the active extracts components of these producing Actinobacteria is currently being investigated, given its potential for the discovery of pharmaceuticals and other products of biotechnological interest.


Assuntos
Actinobacteria/química , Actinobacteria/classificação , Actinobacteria/isolamento & purificação , Antozoários/microbiologia , Produtos Biológicos/farmacologia , Filogenia , Actinobacteria/genética , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Sequência de Bases , Biodiversidade , Produtos Biológicos/química , Produtos Biológicos/isolamento & purificação , Bioprospecção , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Classificação , Recifes de Corais , DNA Bacteriano , Ecossistema , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Genes Bacterianos , Invertebrados/microbiologia , Biologia Marinha , Extratos Vegetais , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Água do Mar , Metabolismo Secundário , Espanha , Streptomyces/classificação , Streptomyces/isolamento & purificação
14.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 84(6): 331-336, jun. 2016. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-152166

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La inserción de catéteres venosos centrales (CVC) en neonatos y lactantes pequeños es una técnica difícil y de riesgo. La canalización guiada por ecografía (ECO) aumenta la tasa de éxito y reduce las complicaciones. El acceso más habitual es el de yugular interna; sin embargo, en neonatos y lactante pequeños es técnicamente más difícil que a otras edades. Presentamos nuestra experiencia preliminar con una nueva técnica de canalización venosa central aplicable a neonatos y lactantes pequeños: el acceso supraclavicular del tronco braquiocefálico (TBC) guiado por ECO. MÉTODOS: Serie de casos de neonatos y lactantes de peso inferior a 5kg en los que se ha intentado la canalización guiada por ECO del TBC mediante abordaje supraclavicular. Se utilizó un abordaje longitudinal en plano del TBC desde la fosa supraclavicular con un transductor lineal de 12Hz o microcónvex de 8Hz. Todas las canalizaciones fueron realizadas por el mismo operador, un pediatra con experiencia previa en la canalización guiada por ECO. RESULTADOS: Se incluyó a 6 pacientes con una mediana (rango) de peso de 2,1 (0,94-4,1) kg y edad de 1,9 (0,6-4) meses. En 2 casos se requirieron 2 intentos, canalizándose el TBC en un intento en los 4 restantes. No se observaron complicaciones relacionadas con el procedimiento ni con la permanencia del catéter, siendo los CVC retirados al cabo de 9 (6-15) días. CONCLUSIÓN: El acceso supraclavicular al TBC guiado por ecografía es una alternativa factible y segura en neonatos y lactantes muy pequeños. Son necesarios más estudios antes su utilización rutinaria en la práctica clínica


INTRODUCTION: Central venous catheter (CVC) insertion in neonates and small infants is a challenging and high risk procedure. Ultrasound (US) guided cannulation increases the success rate and reduces procedural-related complications. The internal jugular vein is the most frequent site for US-guided CVC insertion. However this approach is technically demanding in neonates and small infants. US-guided supraclavicular cannulation of the brachiocephalic vein (BCV) is a new approach that may be advantageous in case of difficult central venous catheterization. We present our preliminary experience with this technique in a case series of neonates and small infants. METHODS: Case series of neonates and small infants weighing less than 5kg, in whom US-guided supraclavicular cannulation of the BCV was attempted. A longitudinal 'in plane' supraclavicular approach to the BCV was performed using a 12Hz linear or a 8Hz microconvex transducer. All cannulations were performed by the same operator, a pediatrician with previous experience in US-guided central venous catheterization. RESULTS: the study included 6 patients with a median (range) weight of 2.1 (0.94-4.1) kg and age of 1.9 (0.6-4) months. Two cases required 2 punctures, while cannulation was achieved at the first attempt in the remaining 4 cases. There were no procedural or catheter-related complications. CVCs were withdrawn after 9 (6-15) days. CONCLUSIONS: The US-guided supraclavicular approach to the BCV is a feasible and safe alternative in neonates and very small infants. More studies are needed to define the role of this new venous access before its routine application in daily practice


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Ablação por Cateter/métodos , Biópsia Guiada por Imagem/instrumentação , Biópsia Guiada por Imagem/métodos , Transtornos Hemorrágicos/complicações , Transtornos Hemorrágicos/terapia , Tronco Braquiocefálico , Ultrassonografia/instrumentação , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Ultrassonografia , Pneumotórax/complicações
15.
Ecol Evol ; 6(10): 3380-404, 2016 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27127607

RESUMO

The clam Ruditapes decussatus is commercially important in southwestern Europe, suffering from population decline and hybridization with exotic Manila clam (R. philippinarum). Previous studies with intronic markers showed a genetic subdivision of the species in three races (Atlantic, West Mediterranean, and Adriatic-Aegean). However, detailed population genetic studies to help management of the main production areas in the southwest of Europe are missing. We have analyzed eight Atlantic and two Mediterranean populations from the Spanish coasts using 14 microsatellites and six intronic markers. Microsatellites confirmed the Atlantic and West Mediterranean races detected with introns and showed that genetic variability was higher in Mediterranean than in Atlantic populations. Both marker types showed that genetic differentiation of Atlantic populations was low and indicated that populations could be managed at the regional level in the case of Cantabrian and Gulf of Cadiz areas, but not in the case of Rias Baixas and the Mediterranean. This study shows the interest of including different types of markers in studies of genetic population structure of marine organisms.

16.
Microb Ecol ; 71(2): 375-86, 2016 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26224165

RESUMO

Members of the Streptomyces albidoflavus clade, identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, are widespread among predominant terrestrial lichens (Flavoparmelia caperata and Xanthoria parietina) and diverse intertidal and subtidal marine macroalgae, brown red and green (Phylum Heterokontophyta, Rhodophyta, and Chlorophyta) from the Cantabrian Cornice. In addition to these terrestrial and coastal temperate habitats, similar strains were also found to colonize deep-sea ecosystems and were isolated mainly from gorgonian and solitary corals and other invertebrates (Phylum Cnidaria, Annelida, Echinodermata, Arthropoda, and Porifera) living up to 4700-m depth and at a temperature of 2-4 °C in the submarine Avilés Canyon. Similar strains have been also repeatedly isolated from atmospheric precipitations (rain drops, snow, and hailstone) collected in the same area throughout a year observation time. These ubiquitous strains were found to be halotolerant, psychrotolerant, and barotolerant. Bioactive compounds with diverse antibiotic and cytotoxic activities produced by these strains were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and database comparison. These include antibacterials (paulomycins A and B), antifungals (maltophilins), antifungals displaying also cytotoxic activities (antimycins and 6-epialteramides), and the antitumor compound fredericamycin. A hypothetical dispersion model is here proposed to explain the biogeographical distribution of S. albidoflavus strains in terrestrial, marine, and atmospheric environments.


Assuntos
Invertebrados/microbiologia , Água do Mar/microbiologia , Streptomyces/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Fatores Biológicos/química , Fatores Biológicos/metabolismo , Invertebrados/classificação , Líquens/microbiologia , Streptomyces/química , Streptomyces/genética , Streptomyces/metabolismo
17.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 84(6): 331-6, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25979387

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Central venous catheter (CVC) insertion in neonates and small infants is a challenging and high risk procedure. Ultrasound (US) guided cannulation increases the success rate and reduces procedural-related complications. The internal jugular vein is the most frequent site for US-guided CVC insertion. However this approach is technically demanding in neonates and small infants. US-guided supraclavicular cannulation of the brachiocephalic vein (BCV) is a new approach that may be advantageous in case of difficult central venous catheterization. We present our preliminary experience with this technique in a case series of neonates and small infants. METHODS: Case series of neonates and small infants weighing less than 5kg, in whom US-guided supraclavicular cannulation of the BCV was attempted. A longitudinal "in plane" supraclavicular approach to the BCV was performed using a 12Hz linear or a 8Hz microconvex transducer. All cannulations were performed by the same operator, a pediatrician with previous experience in US-guided central venous catheterization. RESULTS: The study included 6 patients with a median (range) weight of 2.1 (0.94-4.1) kg and age of 1.9 (0.6-4) months. Two cases required 2 punctures, while cannulation was achieved at the first attempt in the remaining 4 cases. There were no procedural or catheter-related complications. CVCs were withdrawn after 9 (6-15) days. CONCLUSIONS: The US-guided supraclavicular approach to the BCV is a feasible and safe alternative in neonates and very small infants. More studies are needed to define the role of this new venous access before its routine application in daily practice.


Assuntos
Veias Braquiocefálicas , Cateterismo Venoso Central/métodos , Ultrassonografia de Intervenção , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido
18.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol ; 65(Pt 4): 1328-1334, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25667397

RESUMO

An actinobacterium strain (M-201(T)) was isolated from a deep-sea scleractinian coral (Fam. Caryophillidae) collected at 1500 m depth in the Avilés Canyon in the Cantabrian Sea, Asturias, Spain. Strain M-201(T) grew at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum pH 7.0), between 4 and 37 °C (optimum 28 °C) and at salinities of 0.5-10.5% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0.5-3.0%). The peptidoglycan contained the amino acids Lys, Ala, Thr, Glu and one unknown amino acid component, and belonged to type A4α, and the cell-wall sugars are glucose, mannose and galactose. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, an unknown phosphoglycolipid and seven unknown glycolipids. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H6). Major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C(15 : 0), iso-C(15 : 0) and anteiso-C(17 : 0). The genomic DNA G+C content was 72.4 mol%. The chemotaxonomic properties supported the affiliation of strain M-201(T) to the genus Myceligenerans . Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the organism was most closely related to Myceligenerans crystallogenes CD12E2-27(T) (98.2% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). However, it had a relatively low DNA-DNA relatedness value with the above strain (48%). The isolate showed antibiotic activity against Escherichia coli , Micrococcus luteus ATCC 14452 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. carlsbergensis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of antibiotic production in the genus Myceligenerans . The differences in phenotypic, metabolic, ecological and phylogenetic characteristics justify the proposal of a novel species of the genus Myceligenerans , Myceligenerans cantabricum sp. nov., with M-201(T) ( = CECT 8512(T) = DSM 28392(T)) as the type strain.


Assuntos
Actinomycetales/classificação , Antozoários/microbiologia , Filogenia , Actinomycetales/genética , Actinomycetales/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Composição de Bases , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Ácidos Graxos/química , Glicolipídeos/química , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Hibridização de Ácido Nucleico , Peptidoglicano/química , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Espanha , Vitamina K 2/análogos & derivados , Vitamina K 2/química
19.
Microb Ecol ; 69(3): 512-24, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25319239

RESUMO

Streptomycetes are widely distributed in the marine environment, although only a few studies on their associations to algae and coral ecosystems have been reported. Using a culture-dependent approach, we have isolated antibiotic-active Streptomyces species associated to diverse intertidal marine macroalgae (Phyllum Heterokontophyta, Rhodophyta, and Chlorophyta), from the central Cantabrian Sea. Two strains, with diverse antibiotic and cytotoxic activities, were found to inhabit these coastal environments, being widespread and persistent over a 3-year observation time frame. Based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis, the strains were identified as Streptomyces cyaneofuscatus M-27 and Streptomyces carnosus M-40. Similar isolates to these two strains were also associated to corals and other invertebrates from deep-sea coral reef ecosystem (Phyllum Cnidaria, Echinodermata, Arthropoda, Sipuncula, and Anelida) living up to 4.700-m depth in the submarine Avilés Canyon, thus revealing their barotolerant feature. These two strains were also found to colonize terrestrial lichens and have been repeatedly isolated from precipitations from tropospheric clouds. Compounds with antibiotic and cytotoxic activities produced by these strains were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and database comparison. Antitumor compounds with antibacterial activities and members of the anthracycline family (daunomycin, cosmomycin B, galtamycin B), antifungals (maltophilins), anti-inflamatory molecules also with antituberculosis properties (lobophorins) were identified in this work. Many other compounds produced by the studied strains still remain unidentified, suggesting that Streptomyces associated to algae and coral ecosystems might represent an underexplored promising source for pharmaceutical drug discovery.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/efeitos adversos , Anti-Inflamatórios/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Invertebrados/microbiologia , Alga Marinha/microbiologia , Streptomyces/fisiologia , Animais , Oceano Atlântico , Bioprospecção , Recifes de Corais , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Bacteriano/metabolismo , Dados de Sequência Molecular , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , RNA Ribossômico 16S/metabolismo , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Espanha , Streptomyces/genética , Streptomyces/isolamento & purificação , Simbiose
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