Los colirios antibióticos acortan la duración de las conjuntivitis infecciosas en niños / Antibiotic eye drops shorten the duration of infectious conjunctivitis in children

Conclusiones de los autores del estudio: el tratamiento de la conjuntivitis infecciosa aguda en niños con antibióticos tópicos se asoció con una duración significativamente menor de la sintomatología conjuntival. Comentario de los revisores: el uso de antibiótico tópico, aunque de forma modesta, beneficia al paciente, acortando la curación clínica en las conjuntivitis agudas. No obstante, dado el curso autolimitado de esta patología y la falta de estudios de coste-efectividad en este ámbito, no parece justificada su indicación generalizada desde Atención Primaria. Se necesitarían realizar dichos estudios para evaluar el impacto global en la sociedad del tratamiento en estos pacientes. (AU)

Authors´ conclusions: topical antibiotics were associated with significantly shorter durations of conjunctival symptoms in children with acute infective conjunctivitis. Reviewers´ commentary: the use of topical antibiotics modestly benefits the patient, shortening the clinical cure in acute conjunctivitis. However, given the self-limited course of this pathology and the lack of cost-effectiveness studies in this area, its generalized prescription in primary care does not seem justified. Such studies should be carried out to assess the overall impact on society of the treatment of these patients. (AU)

Cierre quirúrgico del ductus arterioso persistente del prematuro: ¿influye la técnica quirúrgica en los resultados? / Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in premature neonates: Does the surgical technique affect the outcome?

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cierre quirúrgico del ductus arterioso persistente en el prematuro es una técnica agresiva y no exenta de complicaciones. Diseñamos un estudio con el objetivo de describir nuestra experiencia con una técnica menos invasiva, el abordaje extrapleural vía minitoracotomía posterior, y de comparar sus resultados con los del abordaje clásico transpleural. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo de los neonatos prematuros a los que se les realizó cierre quirúrgico del ductus en un periodo de 10 años (marzo de 2005-marzo de 2015). Se compararon las complicaciones agudas, los resultados al alta y en el seguimiento entre los grupos de abordaje extrapleural y abordaje clásico transpleural. Se incluyó a 48 pacientes, 30 en el grupo de abordaje clásico y 18 en el grupo extrapleural. RESULTADOS: Las características demográficas y preoperatorias fueron similares en ambos grupos. No se encontraron diferencias entre los 2 grupos en la incidencia de complicaciones postoperatorias agudas (56,6 vs. 44,4%), en la dependencia de oxígeno a las 36 semanas (33,3 vs. 55,5%), ni en la mortalidad hospitalaria (10 vs. 16,6%). En la evolución a corto plazo, el grupo extrapleural precisó menos días hasta la retirada del oxígeno suplementario (36,3 vs. 28,9) y hasta el alta hospitalaria (67,5 vs. 53,2), aunque solo el tiempo hasta la extubación alcanzó una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (11,5 vs. 2,7, p = 0,03). CONCLUSIONES: El abordaje extrapleural por minitoracotomía posterior para el cierre quirúrgico del ductus en el prematuro es factible y podría conllevar algunos beneficios clínicos a corto plazo

INTRODUCTION: Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in premature neonates is an aggressive technique and is not free of complications. A study was designed with the aim of describing our experience with a less invasive technique, the extra-pleural approach via a posterior minithoracotomy, and to compare the results with the classic transpleural approach. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on premature neonates on whom surgical closure of the ductus was performed during a ten-year period (March 2005 to March 2015). A comparison was made of the acute complications, the outcomes on discharge, and follow-up, between the extra-pleural approach and the classic transpleural approach. The study included 48 patients, 30 in the classical approach and 18 in the extra-pleural group. RESULTS: The demographic and pre-operative characteristics were similar in both groups. No differences were found between the 2 groups in the incidence of acute post-operative complications (56.6 vs. 44.4%), on the dependence on oxygen at 36 weeks (33.3 vs. 55.5%), or in hospital mortality (10 vs. 16.6%). As regards the short-term progress, the extra-pleural group required fewer days until the withdrawal of supplementary oxygen (36.3 vs. 28.9) and until hospital discharge (67.5 vs. 53.2), although only the time until extubation achieved a statistically significant difference (11.5 vs. 2.7, P=.03). CONCLUSIONS: The extra-plural approach by posterior minithoracotomy for the surgical closure of ductus in the premature infant is viable and could bring some clinical benefits in the short-term

[Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in premature neonates: Does the surgical technique affect the outcome?] / Cierre quirúrgico del ductus arterioso persistente del prematuro: ¿influye la técnica quirúrgica en los resultados?

INTRODUCTION: Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in premature neonates is an aggressive technique and is not free of complications. A study was designed with the aim of describing our experience with a less invasive technique, the extra-pleural approach via a posterior minithoracotomy, and to compare the results with the classic transpleural approach. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on premature neonates on whom surgical closure of the ductus was performed during a ten-year period (March 2005 to March 2015). A comparison was made of the acute complications, the outcomes on discharge, and follow-up, between the extra-pleural approach and the classic transpleural approach. The study included 48 patients, 30 in the classical approach and 18 in the extra-pleural group. RESULTS: The demographic and pre-operative characteristics were similar in both groups. No differences were found between the 2 groups in the incidence of acute post-operative complications (56.6 vs. 44.4%), on the dependence on oxygen at 36 weeks (33.3 vs. 55.5%), or in hospital mortality (10 vs. 16.6%). As regards the short-term progress, the extra-pleural group required fewer days until the withdrawal of supplementary oxygen (36.3 vs. 28.9) and until hospital discharge (67.5 vs. 53.2), although only the time until extubation achieved a statistically significant difference (11.5 vs. 2.7, P=.03). CONCLUSIONS: The extra-plural approach by posterior minithoracotomy for the surgical closure of ductus in the premature infant is viable and could bring some clinical benefits in the short-term.