RESUMO
BACKGROUND: In developed countries, hepatitis E is a porcine zoonosis caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3. In developing countries, hepatitis E is mainly caused by genotype 1, and causes increased mortality in patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease (CLD). AIM: To determine the role of HEV in patients with decompensated CLD. METHODS: Prospective HEV testing of 343 patients with decompensated CLD at three UK centres and Toulouse France, with follow-up for 6 months or death. IgG seroprevalence was compared with 911 controls. RESULTS: 11/343 patients (3.2%) had acute hepatitis E infection, and three died. There were no differences in mortality (27% vs. 26%, OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.28-4.1), age (P = 0.9), bilirubin (P = 0.5), alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.06) albumin (P = 0.5) or international normalised ratio (P = 0.6) in patients with and without hepatitis E infection. Five cases were polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive (genotype 3). Hepatitis E was more common in Toulouse (7.9%) compared to the UK cohort (1.2%, P = 0.003). HEV IgG seroprevalence was higher in Toulouse (OR 17, 95% CI 9.2-30) and Truro (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4-4.6) than in Glasgow, but lower in cases, compared to controls (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.41-0.86). CONCLUSIONS: Hepatitis E occurs in a minority of patients with decompensated chronic liver disease. The mortality is no different to the mortality in patients without hepatitis E infection. The diagnosis can only be established by a combination of serology and PCR, the yield and utility of which vary by geographical location.
Assuntos
Doença Hepática Terminal/virologia , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Adulto , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Bilirrubina/sangue , Doença Hepática Terminal/epidemiologia , Feminino , França/epidemiologia , Genótipo , Hepatite E/diagnóstico , Vírus da Hepatite E/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Reino Unido/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Acute pancreatitis is a sudden swelling and inflammation of the pancreas. The two most common causes are alcohol use and biliary stones. Drug-induced acute pancreatitis are rare (1.4-2%). In this present study, we present a case of recurrent acute pancreatitis induced by a specific magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) contrast agent called gadobenate dimeglumine.
