The common bile duct: size, course, relations.

The common bile duct may present a number of anatomical peculiarities regarding its size, course and relations, which should be taken into consideration by the anatomists and by the surgeons as well, during the surgery of the gallbladder, pancreas and duodenum. In the present study, we have analyzed the anatomical peculiarities of the common bile duct in 150 adult corpses of both sexes from the Anatomy Department and 22 human fetuses from the Pathology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca.

[Choroidal melanoma associated with intracerebral meningioma]. / Melanom malign coroidian asociat cu meningiom intracerebral - caz clinic-.

The authors present the case of a female patient with intraocular malignant melanoma associated with intracerebral meningioma, diagnosed by the preoperative evaluation.

[Refractive surgery of the lens in severe myopia]. / Chirurgia refractiva a cristalinului în miopia forte.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the visual outcomes in high myopic eyes undergoing clear lens extraction with intra ocular implant. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 33 high myopic eyes (range: -10 to -25 D) underwent clear corneal lens extraction and implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lens. RESULTS: 84,84 % myopic eyes had postoperative corrected visual acuity > 0,3. In 1 case we had a posterior capsular rupture during the insertion of IOL, requiring a sulcus fixation of the IOL. In 3 eyes we had opacification of the posterior capsule. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Clear lens extraction with PC-IOL performed in high myopic eye at adults older than 45 years is a safe and effective refractive procedure. 2. Preoperative patient education and counseling regarding visual is critical in maximizing patient satisfaction. 3. The functional results depend on the chorioretinal myopic lesions.

[Correction of refractive errors in children with contact lenses]. / Corectia vicilor de refractie cu lentile de contact la copii.

PURPOSE: To appreciate the indications, complications and visual outcomes in the correction of refractive errors with contact lenses at children. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied 15 eyes from nine kids. The times prescription included: history (motivation of wearing contact lenses), ocular refraction (with cycloplegia), best corrected visual acuity, keratometry, the corneal diameter, slit lamp examination, the selection of contact lens and follow up. RESULTS: The age of patients varied between several months to twelve years. The refractive errors in which we used contact lenses were: aphakia--6 eyes, myopia--6 eyes, hyperopia--3 eyes. The types of contact lenses were for permanent use--8 eyes and discontinuity use--7 eyes. We didn't have any major complication. The best corrected visual acuity with contact lenses was: 0.1-0.3 at 4 eyes, 0.4-0.6 at 2 eyes and one at 7 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Contact lenses represent the optimal correction of anisometropia after congenital or traumatic cataract operation in children. (2) The quality of vision obtained with contact lenses represents an important factor in the prevention and treatment of amblyopia.

[Explantation and replacement of intraocular lenses]. / Explantarea si înlocuirea cristalinelor artificiale.

PURPOSE: to evaluate the reasons for explantation of different types of intraocular lenses. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied 27 eyes operated previously for cataract and which developed in postoperative period intraocular induced complication, demanding explantation. RESULTS: In 51.85% cases we explanted anterior chamber IOL, in 40.74% eyes posterior chamber IOL and in the rest pupillary IOL. Reasons of explantation were according to the artificial lens: in 4 cases for edematous keratopathy, chronic uveitis in 2 eyes and descentration in 8 eyes. Reimplantation was performed at 19 eyes, in 10 cases with standard posterior chamber IOL and in 9 cases with scleral sutured posterior chamber IOL. CONCLUSIONS: The main reason for explantation in anterior chamber IOL is the edematous keratopathy and malpositions for posterior chamber IOL.

The influence of intracerebroventricular administration of (+/-) propranolol and (+/-) verapamil on experimental myocardial ischemia and necrosis in rats.

In albino rats, infarctoid myocardial lesions were produced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of isoproterenol (75 mg/kg, during 3 days). In other groups, the descending anterior left coronary artery was ligated. In both experimental settings, the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of (+/-) propranolol (100-200-300 microg/animal/day, during 7 days) or (+/-) verapamil (40-80-160 microg/animal/day, during 7 days) afforded a significant protection (with the exception of the lowest dose) on the investigated parameters: arrhythmias, ischemic zone (in coronary ligated rats), lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase activity of the serum, focal necrosis (in isoproterenol treated rats). This protective activity is lower than that afforded by i.p. administered (+/-) propranolol (5 mg/kg, during seven days) or (+/-) verapamil (5 mg/kg, during seven days). From these data it may be concluded that (+/-) propranolol and (+/-) verapamil have a protective action on the experimental myocardial ischemia and necrosis in rats, not only when the drugs come in direct contact with the heart, but also acting upon the central nervous system.