[Humoral antibodies to structural proteins of murine mammary tumor virus as a potential immunologic marker of human breast cancer]. / Gumoral'nye antitela k strukturnym belkam virusa raka molochnykh zhelez myshei (MMTV) kak vozmozhnyi immunologicheskii marker raka molochnoi zhelezy cheloveka.

The presence of humoral antibodies specifically recognizing structural proteins of murine mammary tumor virus was studied in indirect immuno-enzymatic reaction, in 79 patients with suspected tumors of the breast. Diagnosis was verified after surgery by histological procedures. Said antibodies were detected in 13% of patients with benign tumors, lymphomas and mammary lymphosarcomas. However, in the breast cancer group including patients with T1-2N0M0 and T1N1M0, antibodies were identified in 85.7% of sera. It is suggested that patients with breast tumors who have antibodies to murine mammary tumor virus develop a specific nosological type of tumor which arises at reproductive age and is capable of high-rate growth and low-level metastatic spreading. Feasibility of application of said procedure for early detection of breast cancer is discussed.

[Immunocyte subpopulations in histologic sections of breast tumors]. / Subpopuliatsii immunotsitov v gistologicheskikh srezakh raka molochnoi zhelezy.

A study of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes was carried out on cryostat sections of breast tumors in 27 patients using 24 monoclonal antibodies. Two types of infiltration--stromal and intraparenchymal--were identified. Certain correlations characteristic of subpopulation levels of immunocompetent cells identifiable by monoclonal antibody clusters CD8, CD22, CD38 and CD7; CD74 and CD4; CD11b and CD22, CD37 were established. The study also established a correlation between levels of immunocompetent cells infiltration (CD4+, CD7+, CD8+ and CD11b+) and tumor size and regional lymph node involvement.

[The expression of leukocytic and related antigens on the cells of human breast cancer cells]. / Ekspressiia leikotsitarnykh i rodstvennykh im antigenov na kletkakh raka molochnoi zhelezy cheloveka.

Certain expression regularities of different markers in human breast cancer cells are demonstrated. Monomorphic determinants of HLA class II antigen are detected only in case of HLA class I expression and cancer-embryonal antigen (CEA); the latter is combined with HLA class I and ICO-84 antigens at a significantly higher rate. The expression effect of CEA and HLA-DR on the metastatic spreading rate of regional lymph nodes is marked. A heterogeneity of the single tumour and in patients with malignant breast cancer is determined by the presence of the "leucocytic" antigens and CEA. In parallel studies monoclonal antibodies (MAB) HMFG-1 and a common epithelial antigen are assayed. The antigen interacting with MAB HEA-125 is characterized by the monomorphic expression.

[Cytotoxicity of effector cells of the peripheral blood, lymph nodes and spleen in Hodgkin's disease]. / Tsitotoksichnost' kletok-éffektorov perifericheskoi krovi, limfaticheskikh uzlov i selezenki pri bolezni Khodzhkina.

The mononuclear cells and T-lymphocytes of the blood, spleen and lymph nodes from 83 patients with Hodgkin's disease and 50 healthy donors were tested in assays for lectin-dependent (LD) and natural killer (NK) cytotoxic activity (CTA). On an average, peripheral blood T cell LD-CTA of patients did not differ from that of the donors. However, the CTA appeared to be dependent on the stage of the disease; in the IVth stage LD-CTA was decreased 2-fold. The LD-CTA was also dependent on the histological type of disease and the lowest level of LD-CTA (50% of the control level) was associated with the "lymphocyte depletion" type. The CTA of T-lymphocytes from the affected areas of the patients' spleen was more marked than that of the unaffected areas. Spleen cell CTA showed no other correlations. The CTA of lymphocytes from the affected lymph nodes was drastically lower than CTA of blood and spleen lymphocytes. The NK activity of the patients' blood and spleen lymphocytes was twice as less as the control level (healthy donors) and did not correlate with a stage and/or a histological type of the disease. It was assumed that in Hodgkin's disease the specific antitumor immunity remains mostly within normal and is decreased only in the last, terminal stage of the disease.

[Cytolytic activity of mononuclear cells, T-lymphocytes and monocytes of the peripheral blood in patients with lung cancer]. / Tsitoliticheskaia aktivnost' mononuklearnykh kletok, T-limfotsitov i monotsitov perifericheskoi krovi bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

A comparative analysis of cytotoxic activity of mononuclear cells (MNC) from peripheral blood, T-lymphocytes and monocytes from patients with lung cancer has been performed. It has been shown that in 27% of cases MNC, T-lymphocytes and monocytes lyse freshly isolated autologous and allogenic tumor cells. In all the patients examined the effector cells were active in respect to culture cell line of lung adenocarcinoma (ACL). The decrease in NK activity of the cell population enriched by T-lymphocytes in comparison to the control group (p less than 0.05) was noticed. MNC and T-lymphocytes, in contrast to monocytes, had high killer activity identified by lectin-dependent cytotoxicity technique. The activity of the effector cells does not depend on the morphological structure of the tumor, but decreases with the disease progression. The results of the experiments show that in patients with lung cancer peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes are essential, independently functioning effectors involved in antitumor defense.

[Specific antitumor cytotoxicity of blood platelets from the peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer]. / Spetsificheskaia protivoopukholevaia tsitotoksichnost' trombotsitov perifericheskoi krovi bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

The analysis of cytotoxic activity of platelets from patients with lung cancer is presented. It has been shown that these platelets lyse fresh isolated autological and allogenic tumor cells in 38.5% of cases and lyse the cells in the culture of lung adenocarcinoma cell line in 82.4% of cases, while platelets from healthy donors do not lyse fresh isolated and cultured cells of lung cancer. Cytotoxicity of platelets from patients and control subjects against HeLa and K 562 was identical and did not exceed 10%. The platelets from healthy controls, unlike platelets from patients with lung cancer, lysed tumor cells of melanoma cultured cell line Mel 1. Thus, it has been shown for the first time that platelets from the peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer have specific antitumor activity.

[Radiation exposure of the patient and personnel during punctures controlled by roentgenotelevision and computed tomography]. / Luchevaia nagruzka na patienta i personal pri vypolnenii punktsii pod kontrolem rentgenotelevideniia i komp'iuternoi tomografii.

Determined by means of thermoluminescent dosimetry radiation exposure to a patient from punctures controlled by two-projection x-ray and TV was, on an average, 0.0176 Gy +/- 18%, and when controlled by CT it was 0.048 Gy +/- 22% which was comparable with dose exposure of 2 x-ray films in the first case and of 5 x-ray films in the second case. Assessment of radiation exposure to a physician was based on the ratio of single and maximum permissible annual equivalent doses. This ratio of doses to the gonads limited the permissible number of punctures controlled by two-projection x-ray and TV up to 80 per year and that of punctures controlled by CT up to 150 per year. Individual dosimetric control is obligatory for physicians regularly engaged in this type of investigations.

[Standardization of ICO-1 monoclonal antibodies against monomorphic Ia-like (Dr) antigens]. / Standartizatsiia monoklonal'nykh antitel IKO-1 protiv monomorfnykh Ia-podobnykh (Dr) antigenov.

ICO-1 Mab were obtained following BALB/c mouse immunization with 24-week human fetal thymocytes. Cloning for two times by the method of limited dilutions led to a hybridoma with a stable production of G3 isotype Mab. ICO-1 Mab have immunoprecipitated an antigen consisting of two polypeptide chains with molecular weight 29 and 34 kDal. The antigen expression was enhanced following PHA or alloantigen activation of blood mononuclear cells. ICO-1 Mab inhibited the alloantigenic response of blood mononuclear cells. Mab detected 29% of antigen-positive cells in the peripheral blood of healthy adults. When the reaction of ICO-1 Mab was compared with that of Mab against monomorphic Ia-like antigens OKLa, anti-Ia-BRL, BMA-021 and HLA-Dr on blood cells from healthy donors and patients with leukemia proved to be identical.

[Labeling index in colonic cancer, polyps and polyposis and nonspecific colitis]. / Indeks metki pri rake, polipakh, polipoze tolstoi kishki i nespetsificheskikh kolitakh.

Thymidine historadiography was employed to study labelling index in tumors and grossly-unaltered mucosa of large bowel in 34 cases of colorectal cancer and 67 patients with single polyps, polyposis and villous tumors of large bowel and suffering from nonspecific colitis. Mean labelling index in tumor tissue was established at 5.49, in normal mucosa of large bowel of healthy subjects--1.19, and in colitis, polyps and villous tumors--2.32, 4.24 and 5.84%, respectively. Labelling index increased with the degree of pathologic changes in mucosal epithelium of large bowel. Thymidine historadiography should be used in formation of groups at risk for large bowel cancer.

[Isolation and characteristics of IKO-GM-1 monoclonal antibodies]. / Poluchenie i kharakteristika monoklonal'nykh antitel IKO-GM-1.

The hybridoma clone IKO-GM-1 was obtained as a result of fusion of P3X63Ag8.653 cells with splenocytes of BALB/c mice with the aid of 50% polyethyleneglycol. Antigen demonstrated by antibodies IKO-GM-1 expressed on 100% polymorphonuclear neutrophils, 54.4 +/- 3.1% monocytes, 25.9 +/- 2.4% mononuclears of healthy subjects' blood, on 11.1 +/- 1.0% T lymphocytes, on 14.6 +/- 1.6% T lymphocytes bearing Fc-receptor for IgG, on 49.3 +/- 8.2% enriched population of B lymphocytes and O cells. The treatment of healthy donors' mononuclears with antibodies IKO-GM-1 and complement blocked EK cellular activity against Molt-2 cells but not against K-562 cells. Antigen demonstrated by MAT IKO-GM-1 did not express on the colony-forming granulocyte or macrophagal cells. Antigen expressed on blast cells of patients with AMonoL, on those in part of patients with AML and AMML, on leukocytes of patients with chronic ML, on monocytes of a patient with chronic MonoL. Antigen was absent from blast cells of patients with ALL, LSA, on lymphocytes of patients with ChLL.

[Transplantation of human embryonal tissues in athymic mice]. / Transplantatsiia émbrional'nykh chelovecheskikh tkanei bestimusnym mysham.

Various tissues of 8-10-week-old human embryos and 5-8-month-old fetuses were transplanted to nude mice. Liver, stomach, colon and musculocutaneous tissues were used for transplantation. Embryonal tissue transplants showed much more rapid growth than tissues of human fetuses.

[Human colonic cancer lines transplanted in athymic mice and rats]. / Shtammy raka tolstoi kishki cheloveka, transplantiruemye na bestimusnykh myshakh i krysakh.

A number of human colonic cancer strains from operative specimens transplanted to nude mice and rats are described. Histologic characteristics of the strains completely correspond with those of the primary tumor. The strains contain mainly human cells, which is proved by 5 peaks of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes detected at electrophoresis in agar gel.

[Monoclonal antibodies in the radioimmunological diagnosis of malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and ovaries]. / Monoklonal'nye antitela v radioimmunologicheskoi diagnostike zlokachestvennykh opukholei zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta i iaichnikov.

The report deals with the clinical significance of application of two procedures of radioimmunologic assay of levels of monoclonal CA-19-9 and CA-125 antigens in diagnosing gastrointestinal and ovarian malignancies. The CA-19-9 antigen test appeared to be ineffective at the early stages of development of malignant tumors of the stomach, rectum and colon. The level of the antigen showed an increase in 37% of cases of hepatic metastases only. However, the test may be instrumental in differentiating between inflammatory processes and malignancies in the pancreatohepatoduodenal area. CA-125 antigen serves as a discriminating marker for tumor involvement of the ovaries. However, its specificity in differentiating between benign and malignant tumors of this organ is under 63%.