[Changes of lipid metabolism in cardiac failure patients with rheumatic heart disease]. / Izmenenie lipidnogo obmena pri serdechnoi nedostatochnosti u bol'nykh s revmaticheskimi prokami serdtsa.

AIM: The study of lipid metabolism parameters involved in lipid mechanisms of damage and elucidation of their role in disorders of central hemodynamics (CH), microcirculation (MC) and oxygenation (OG) of peripheral tissues in cardiac failures (CF) in rheumatic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 55 patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) with CF measurements were made of serum characteristics of peroxidation-antioxidant balance, activity of phospholipase A2, concentration of nonesterifized fatty acids, total lipids, total phospholipids, total, ether-bound and free cholesterol, skin OG and MC. Tetrapolar chest rheography was followed by calculation CH parameters. RESULTS: CF aggravation occurred in parallel with progression of generalized activation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and phospholipase A2. LPO activation contributes to inhibition of antioxidant activity and to decline of hypercholetsrolemia. Negative correlation exists between primary LPO products, dienic conjugates and CH. CONCLUSION: LPO and phospholipase A2 activation are essential in the onset and progression of CF in RHD patients. This should be considered in therapy of such patients.

[The epidemiology of osteoporotic fractures in the population of the city of Yaroslavl]. / Epidemiologiia osteoporoticheskikh perelomov v populiatsii goroda Iaroslavlia.

Prevalence and types of hip and spinal fractures were studied in Yaroslavl citizens aged > 50 years. In 1985 prevalence of hip fractures was 36.41 per 100000, in 1993-145, 84 per 100000. Maximal number of the fractures occurred in patients aged over 70 years. Fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine were registered in 15.00 per 100000 with an increase in 1994. Osteoporotic hip fractures in the population sample occurred less frequently than fractures of the non-typical sites.

[The risk factors for unfavorable outcomes in rheumatism]. / Faktory riska neblagopriiatnykh iskhodov revmatizma.

A prospective study was made of environmental factors effects on unfavorable cardial and cerebral outcomes of rheumatic fever (RF) assessed functionally, biochemically and psychologically. Some of RF predisposing factors (female sex, frequent nasopharyngeal infections, poor housing and occupational conditions) negatively affect outcomes of primary RF and contribute to emergence of valvular disease. The initial attack of activity I or III degree, pronounced carditis, active rheumatic process at discharge, recurrences, absence of year-round prophylaxis allow prognostication of valvular heart disease. The majority of the factors promoting valvular and circulatory disorders also contribute to the onset of psychic abnormalities, astheno-organic syndrome, in particular.

[Epidemiology of hip fractures in age groups at high risk for osteoporosis]. / Epidemiologiia perelomov bedra v vozrastnykh gruppakh povyshennogo riska po osteoporozu.

In accordance with the program on osteoporosis epidemiology in subjects over 50, a retrospective study of hip fracture incidence in populations of two Russian towns (Elektrostal and Yaroslavl) was performed. The total population of Elektrostal and Yaroslavl is above 100000 and 600000, respectively. The analysis of medical records of the traumatological departments of the central city hospitals where patients with hip fractures have been admitted and files from outpatient traumatological stations was performed for 1986-1991 and 1982-1991. The towns' administration provided statistical data on relevant population number and age distribution. Hip fracture has been defined as a fracture of the femoral neck or intertrochanteric region fracture (ICD 9 code 820.0 and 820.2). The incidence of hip fracture for the examined period for the town of Elektrostal made up 61/100000 person-years (32 males and 77 females) and for the town of Yaroslavl 61/100000 person-years (45 males and 70 females). Male/female ratio was 1:2 and 1:15, respectively. The occurrence of hip fractures was maximal in subjects over 75 years old. More recent data showed no significant differences in the incidence of hip fractures in the two towns, except a significant rise in hip fracture incidence in female residents of Yaroslavl. Compared to European countries, the incidence of hip fractures in the above towns was significantly lower. The reasons of these differences are unclear and need further investigation.

[The prevalence of and risk factors for osteoarthrosis in workers in tire manufacture]. / Rasprostranennost' i faktory riska osteoartroza u rabochikh shinnogo proizvodstva.

The data of epidemiological studies of rheumatic diseases, carried out at the Yaroslavl tire factory among 2508 workers are provided. Overall 845 subjects afflicted with different rheumatic diseases were identified. The prevalence of osteoarthrosis of the peripheral joints was 12.68 +/- 0.66%. The main industrial risk factors of osteoarthrosis were distinguished: occupational hazard (physical overloads), work record in the main specialty over 5 years, functional and static-dynamic loads of the bones and joints, elevated temperature and air humidity in industrial premises. As to the other factors, age, defects of the skeleton, hereditary load, foci of chronic infection, primary education, female sex, and the character of feeding turned out significant for the development of osteoarthrosis. The authors have worked out the tables of risk for osteoarthrosis of the peripheral joints, the use of which allows predicting the morbidity of every worker and distinguishing risk groups with a purpose of carrying out early treatment and prophylactic measures.