[Biochemical and ultrastructural changes in the periodontium during the chronic administration of pro-oxidant xenobiotics]. / Biokhimicheskie i ul'trastrukturnye izmeneniia v parodonte pri khronicheskom vvedenii ksenobiotikov-prooksidantov.

Effects of chronic administration of xenobiotics pro-oxidants on the state of periodontal tissues, level of free-radical oxidation of lipids, and antioxidant provision were studied. Diphenin and delagil were found to promote biochemical and morphological changes similar to the manifestations observed in periodontitis. A conclusion is made about an important role of nonenzymatic free-radical oxidation of lipids and biopolymers in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The principal stages of contribution of autooxidation to the parodontogenesis are presented.

[Experimental and clinical bases for the use of antioxidants as agents for treating and preventing periodontitis]. / Eksperimental'nye i klinicheskie osnovy primeneniia antioksidantov kak sredstv lecheniia i profilaktiki parodontita.

The contribution of free-radical lipid and biopolymer oxidation to the pathogenesis of periodontitis is analyzed as reflected in published Russian and foreign literature. Enhanced autooxidation in periodontal tissue is shown to represent one of the mechanisms of the disease genesis, this prompting the use of antioxidants in the treatment an prophylaxis of periodontitis. Antioxidant effects on the course of the disease have been demonstrated experimentally and clinically. Criteria of antioxidants use as a means of treatment and prevention of periodontitis are offered.

[Free radical processes in the pathogenesis of alloxan diabetes]. / Svobodnoradikal'nye protsessy v patogeneze alloksanovogo diabeta.

Presents the results of studies of carbohydrate and peroxide metabolism, of antioxidant content in rats with alloxan diabetes under various levels of alimentary antioxidant consumption. Alloxan administration was found to result in biochemical and morphologic shifts characteristic of diabetes mellitus. The development of these changes runs against the background of enhanced free-radical processes. Simulation of alloxan diabetes in deficiency of alimentary antioxidants is conducive to the development of alloxan diabetes. The authors discuss the contribution of free-radical processes to the pathogenesis of alloxan diabetes and come to a conclusion on the usefulness of including antioxidant drugs in to a complex of therapeutic measures in this condition.

[Lipid free-radical oxidation in rats with alimentary hypercholesterolemia and its correction with ceruloplasmin]. / Sostoianie svobodnoradikal'nogo okisleniia lipidov u krys s alimentarnoi giperkholesterinemiei i ego korrektsiia tseruloplazminom.

The antioxidant enzyme ceruloplasmin effect on the state of lipid and peroxide metabolism in rats with alimentary hypercholesterolemia was studied. Ceruloplasmin was found to inhibit the development of hyperlipoproteinemia, to decrease the level of free-radical oxidation of lipids and to increase the antioxidant demands of tissues. The observed effects could be explained by the antioxidant properties of ceruloplasmin.

[Effect of antioxidants on the indices of free-radical lipid oxidation in the testes of rats of different ages and on the reproductive capacity in chronic multiple antioxidant deficiency]. / Vliianie antioksidantov na pokazateli svobodnoradikal'nogo okisleniia lipidov v semennikakh krys raznogo vozrasta i reproduktivnuiu sposobnost' pri khronicheskoi poliantioksidantnoi nedostatochnosti.

The free-radical oxidation level of lipids in the rat's testicles of different age under the conditions of chronic and multiple antioxidant insufficiency has been studied, as well as the reproductive ability of male rats, kept at the nonantioxidant ration. The increase of free radical oxidation lipids in the testicles of animals with chronic multiple antioxidant insufficiency and the decrease of their reproductive ability has been observed. The antioxidant complex in such conditions had a defensive effect. The obtained results serve as the basis of the antioxidant use as the means of normalising the reproductive functions in males during period of low receipt and high expense of alimentary oxidants.

[Antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of cerebral arteriosclerosis]. / Antioksidanty v profilaktike i terapii tserebra'lnogo ateroskleroza.

In animals with peroxide model of atherosclerosis and patients with cerebral atherosclerosis, the protecting effects of antioxidants were studied. These were shown to inhibit both humoral and local manifestations of experimental atherosclerosis. In the patients, lipid levels were lowered with peroxidation indices returning to normal levels and clinical state simultaneously improving.

[Free-radical lipid oxidation in rabbits with the alimentary peroxidation syndrome]. / Svobodonoradikal'noe okislenie lipidov u krolikov s alimentarnym sindromom peroksidatsii.

The results are presented of the study of free radical oxidation of lipids in rabbits with alimentary peroxidation syndrome. A long-term feeding of the animals with a ration devoid of alimentary antioxidants reproduces the main biochemical changes in the blood and tissues characteristic of old animals. It has been revealed that the intensity of EPR signals of lyophilized tissues increased proportionally to the animals' age and to the duration of their maintenance on the ration devoid of antioxidants. A conclusion has been made that the deprivation of the rabbits of alimentary antioxidants accelerates aging.

[Ultrastructure of the inner surface of the aorta of mature and old animals]. / Rel'ef vnutrennei poverkhnosti aorty u zrelykh i starykh zhivotnykh.

In the experiments, performed on 12 white rats and 8 rabbits, by means of scanning electron microscopy of the native preparations and in a number of cases with use of silver nitrate impregnation, the internal surface structure has been studied in the aortal membrane of mature and old animals. At ageing the integrity and continuity of the endothelial monolayer is preserved, on the surface local intimal pits, craters and microdefects appear, adhesiveness of endothelium to leucocytes increases. Orientation of the intimal folds is disturbed. The type of the senescent remodeling in the endothelial layer revealed predisposes to development of atherosclerosis.

[Lipid free-radical oxidation in cerebral arteriosclerosis patients in relation to the stage of the disease]. / Sostoianie svobodnoradikal'nogo okisleniia lipidov u bol'nykh tserebral'nym aterosklerozom v zavisimosti ot stadii zabolevaniia.

Patients with cerebral atherosclerosis were examined for the parameters of lipid and peroxidation metabolism and their correlation with the gravity of the disease. The findings obtained included the development of moderate hyperlipidemia and intensification of lipid free radical oxidation. The levels of hyperlipidemia showed no significant variations in patients with cerebral atherosclerosis of varying severity whereas the levels of free radical oxidation of lipids directly correlated with the severity of the disease. The processes of free radical oxidation play a significant role in the pathogenesis of cerebral atherosclerosis.

[The role of free radical oxidation processes in the morphogenesis of axons of regenerating nerves]. / Rol' protsessov svobodnoradikal'nogo okisleniia v morfogeneze aksonov regeneriruiushchego nerva.

Patterns of lipid peroxidation as well as morphogenesis and differentiation of newly formed axons in regenerating nerve were studied in guinea pigs with experimental syndrome of peroxidation which developed after local gamma-irradiation of right hind legs of the animals maintained on the diet containing no antioxidants. The diet without antioxidants increased the inhibitory and impairing effects of the radiation on differentiation of the regenerating nerve and also caused similar effects in control experiments without the irradiation.

[Postradiation disorders of peripheral nerve regeneration and role of free-radical oxidation products in their origin]. / Postradiatsionnye narusheniia regeneratsii perifericheskogo nerva i rol' produktov svobodnoradikal'nogo okisleniia v ikh vozniknovenii.

Long-term keeping of guinea pigs on antioxidant-free diet was shown to increase the rate of free-radical oxidation processes after local exposure to 20 Gy gamma-radiation. Alimentary antioxidant deficiency enhanced new formation and growth of young axons, inhibited myelinization both in the exposed and contralateral nonirradiated nerves being regenerated after ligating thereof.

[Effect of complete fasting on the coagulative and antioxidative properties of blood]. / Vliianie polnogo golodaniia na koaguliatsionnye i antiokislitel'nye svoistva krovi.

The effect of 3- and 5-day fasting on coagulation blood properties, antioxidant system activity, and the content of oxidized hemoglobin was studied in 2 series of observations over 22 normal volunteers. Fasting was discovered to lead to the reduction of blood plasma and red cell coagulation, to the deterioration of platelet aggregation, rise in the oxidized hemoglobin content, and to the increase in red cell resistance to peroxide hemolysis. The changes revealed were shown to favour the maintenance of the blood in a liquid state, to lower the risk of intravascular coagulation and thrombus formation.

[Changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in an experimental peroxidation syndrome in the rabbit]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti antioksidantnykh fermentov pri éksperimental'nom sindrome peroksidatsii u krolikov.

Activity of the antioxidant enzymes under conditions of experimental syndrome of peroxidation was studied in rabbits maintained at a diet deprived of antioxidants. Peroxidation of lipids was increased in the animals; at the same time, content of the vitamin-antioxidants was decreased in their tissues. Activity of the antioxidant enzymes was distinctly increased within the first steps of the experiment after which it was decreased. The data obtained suggest that deficiency of the vitamin-antioxidants may be transitory compensated by an increase in activity of the antioxidant enzymes; long-term deprivation of bioantioxidants led, however, to inhibition of biosynthesis of the antioxidant enzymes.