[Effects of biorhythm regulator melatonin on DNA synthesis in short-term cultures of human malignant tumors]. / Deistvie reguliatora bioritmov melatonina na sintez DNK v kratkosrochnykh kul'turakh zlokachestvennykh opukholei cheloveka.

The cytotoxic action of melatonin on DNA synthesis was studied in short-term human tumor tissue cultures. Twenty tumors (ovarian, renal, colorectal, gastric, skin, testicular, thyroid, adrenal gland, endometrial, cervical uterus ones, and melanoma) were isolated from patients at surgery. The effect of melatonin (concentrations of 5 x 10(-5) M to 5 x 10(-13) M on the level of 3H-thymidine incorporation into tumor tissue DNA (4-hour exposure) was evaluated. After exposure, 3H-thymidine was added to the medium for an hour. The quantity of DNA was determined in the hydrolysate by spectrometry; the level of 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA was radiometrically evaluated by a scintillation counter. The quantity corresponding to 3H-thymidine incorporation per unit of DNA was determined. The control group and the melatonin-treated groups were compared by ANOVA. Melatonin inhibited DNA synthesis in 11 (55%) of the 20 tumors and was ineffective in 9 (45%) of the 20 ones. Melatonin-sensitive tumors were as follows: endometrial CA (33% vs 75% inhibition, p < 0.01), gastric CA (71% inhibition, p < 0.05), adrenal gland CA (38% inhibition, p < 0.01). Ovarian, cervical, skin CA and melanoma were unresponsive to melatonin. Renal cell CA, colonic and rectal CA were sensitive in some cases. In sensitive tumors, melatonin was effective even at concentrations of 5 x 10(-13) M to 5 x 10(-7) M. Thus, melatonin has an oncostatic effect on some human tumors in vitro occasionally at physiological concentrations.

[The effect of a Rhodiola rosea extract on the incidence of recurrences of a superficial bladder cancer (experimental clinical research)]. / Vliianie ékstrakta Rhodiola rosea na chastotu retsidivov poverkhnostnogo raka mochevogo puzyria (éksperimental'no-klinicheskoe issledovanie).

Oral administration of Rhodiola rosea extract to a small group of patents (n = 12) with superficial bladder carcinoma (T1G1-2) improved the characteristics of the urothelial tissue integration, parameters of leukocyte integrins and T-cell immunity. The average frequency of relapses for these patients has been found to fall twice, though statistical differences were not significant.

[The carcinogen urethane induces high-amplitudes circaseptan variations in target tissues and disrupts the rhythm of cell count in lymphoid organs]. / Kantserogen uretan indutsiruet vysokoamplitudnye tsirkaseptannye kolebaniia v tkani-misheni i narushaet ritmiku chislennosti kletok v limfoidnykh organakh.

The presence of tumor is accompanied by biological rhythms disturbance both in damaged (target) organ, and in nondamaged systems. As discoordination of biorhythms is sometimes one of the causes of pathologic states, we have investigated, which changes in system of about 7-day duration (circaseptan) biorhythms preceded the tumor appearance. The model of lung carcinogenesis, induced by single dose (0.25 mg/g of body weight) of carcinogen urethan in A mice, was used. Characteristics of both target organ, and other organs was studied at the stage, preceding the tumor appearance. The data obtained were compared with the analogous characteristics of the control group, once injected with noncarcinogenic analog of urethan, methylcarbamate. The presence of about 7-day rhythms in several organs, nonsensitive to carcinogenic action of urethan, was demonstrated in the control group. The periods of oscillations were: in bone marrow (the number of nuclear cells)--5.2 days; in thymus (mass; the number of nuclear cells)--7.8, 8.2 days; in liver (mass)--6.2 days; in kidney) mass)--8.9 days; in blood (the number of leukocytes)--10.6 and 4.0 days, ect. In the control lungs low-amplitude rhythm of tissue mechanical characteristics (T = 3.5 days), was revealed (these characteristics indicate the extent to which cells are integrated into tissue). Single carcinogen injection resulted in statistically significant decrease (1.4-1.8 fold) of the periods of the main garmonic in the resistant organs. In lungs (target organ) powerful high-amplitude circaseptan oscillations, not inherent to the lungs of control mice, arise in this tissue after the carcinogen injection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Changes in the mechanical integration of transitional epithelial cells and in the immune status of patients with bladder tumors]. / Izmenenie mekhanicheskoi integratsii kletok perekhodnogo épiteliia i immunnogo statusa bol'nykh s opukholiami mochevogo puzyria.

Mutual adhesiveness of urothelial tissue cells have been studied in healthy donors and patients with benign and malignant bladder tumors. The decreased mutual adhesiveness has been shown not only for tumors, but for surrounding urothelial tissue as well. Urothelial tissue integration, T-cell immunity and parameters of leukocyte integrins were affected most of all in bladder tumor stage T2 and T3. Basing on these findings, the authors recommend conservative therapy only in superficial bladder cancer.

[Reverse correlation between natural resistance of mice to transplanted leukemia EL-4 and rectal temperature]. / Obratnaia korreliatsiia mezhdu estestvennoi rezistentnost'iu myshei k perevivaemomu leikozu EL-4 i rektal'noi temperaturoi.

Mice F1 (CBA x C57Bl) life span after transplantation of standard number of leukemia EL-4 cells at different clock hours was evaluated. At the same time, as injection was done, rectal temperature of mouse was measured. Both parameters showed circadian trend. Mice life span was in negative correlation with rectal temperature. So it is possible to consider temperature rhythm as marker rhythm of natural antitumor resistance.

[Preventive effect of Rhodiolae rosea in spontaneous liver carcinogenesis in a mice model of high-tumor strain]. / Profilakticheskii éffect Rhodiolae rosea pri spontannom opukholeobrazovanii v pecheni na modeli vysokorakovoi linii myshei.

Different schemes of Rhodiolae rosea usage per os for prophylaxis of mouse hereditary hepatomas have been studied. A long-term effect on stimulation of tissue integration, T-immune activity and sufficient decrease of tumour frequency has been shown for R. rosea usage in early ontogenesis. A short-term effect on tissue and immune parameters has been demonstrated for R. rosea usage in middle ontogenesis. High-tumour frequency (as in the control), but tumour size decrease (comparing to the control) has been noticed in this case. A tendency to synchronic alterations of tissue integration and T-immune activity has been established in these experiments. It can be attributed to the assumption of communication between tissue (local) and immune (common) defence from tumour growth in the organism.

[Correlation of the probability of occurrence of breast neoplasms with solar activity]. / Korreliatsiia veroiatnosti vozniknoveniia onkologicheskikh zabolevanii molochnykh zhelez s solnechnoi aktivnost'iu.

A contingent with high incidence of precancerous breast diseases (1080 persons) was studied to assess the relationship between solar activity and 1) alterations in the relationship between women with early menarche and women with middle and late menarche (high and low risk of breast cancer respectively) and 2) incidence of benign breast diseases. It was established that population content alterations were wave-like and had statistically significant periods 3,5; 7 and 12 years, and correlate with Wolf number changes. Incidence of benign breast diseases in the group aged 20-50 years also changed periodically (T = 11 years) depending on the birth-year and correlated conversely with Wolf numbers at the birth-years. Incidence of benign breast diseases changes periodically in the population of women with early menarche with the period of 3.6 years, and in those with middle and late menarche--with the periods of 10.5, 3.2 and 4 years. There is a statistically significant correlation between the incidence of benign breast diseases and Wolf numbers in population of women with middle and late menarche.

[Discrete macroscopic fluctuations in processes of various nature]. / Diskretnye makroskopicheskie fluktuatsii v protsessakh raznoi prirody.

The data of 30-year investigations of macroscopic fluctuations are generalized in this review. The results of measuring processes of different nature (from biochemical reactions to radioactive decay) fluctuate. They are presented by certain discrete values. The discreteness of corresponding spectra of states can be probably explained by both pure mathematical causes and cosmophysical factors. The fluctuation amplitude and the shape of the spectrum of the states of objects with different nature depend on the universal external cosmophysical factors. General problems arising in connection with the analysis of the "scatter in the results" and "nonreproducibility of measurements" are discussed.