RESUMO
Based on the review of literature, the key aspects of stroke rehabilitation (medical, physical, psychological, professional and social) were singled out. Main principles of medical aspects were defined as following: early rehabilitation, systemic and long term measures, their complicity and disciplinary, adequacy of rehabilitation measures and providing the conditions for the active participation of the patient and his/her close friends and relatives. Measures directed to motor, speech and cognitive function recovery are considered. In conclusion, attention is drawn to pharmacological drugs, in particular nicergoline (sermion).
Assuntos
Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos alfa/uso terapêutico , Cognição/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Nicergolina/uso terapêutico , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Vasodilatadores/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
An epidemiological study of stroke based on a territory's population registry, which is, according to WHO recommendations, a scientific basis of treatment organization and medical-social rehabilitation of stroke patients as well as stroke prevention, has been launched in the Russian Federation in 2009. Duration of the project is 5 years. Main epidemiological indices of stroke (morbidity, mortality and lethality) for 2009-2010 are presented. Morbidity of stroke was 3.52 and 3.27 cases per 1000 population in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Mortality was 1.19 and 0.96 per 1000. Significant differences in morbidity, mortality and lethality between different regions of the country were identified. The maximal morbidity was recorded in Chistopol (Tartar Republic) - 6.14 per 1000 and the minimal one in the Altai krai (1.39 per 1000). The decrease in the number of hemorrhagic stroke (HS) in 2009 was noted. The ratio of ischemic strokes to HS was 5:1 compared to 3.5:1 in the registry of 2001-2003. Neuroimaging methods (computed tomography and magnetic-resonance tomography) were used for differential diagnosis of stroke character in 63.1% of cases in 2009 and in 74.2% in 2010. There was 91.1% of stroke patients who received treatment in a hospital in 2010.
