RESUMO
PURPOSE: International cleft lip and palate surgical charities recognize that speech therapy is essential for successful care of individuals after palate repair. The challenge is how to ensure that cleft speech interventionists (i.e., speech-language pathologists and other speech therapy providers) provide quality care. This exploratory study investigated effects of a two-stage cleft training in Oaxaca, Mexico, aimed at preparing speech interventionists to provide research-based services to individuals born with cleft palate. Changes in the interventionists' content knowledge and clinical skills were examined. METHOD: Twenty-three cleft speech interventionists from Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua participated in a hybrid two-stage training, completing an online Spanish cleft speech course and a 5-day in-person training in Oaxaca. In-person training included a didactic component and supervised clinical practice with 14 individuals with repaired cleft palates. Testing of interventionists' content knowledge and clinical skills via questionnaires occurred before the online course (Test 1), immediately before in-person training (Test 2), and immediately after in-person training (Test 3). Qualitative data on experience/practice were also collected. RESULTS: Significant increases in interventionists' overall content knowledge and clinical skills were found posttraining. Knowledge and clinical skills increased significantly between Tests 1 and 2. Clinical skills, but not knowledge, showed further significant increases between Tests 2 and 3. Posttraining, interventionists demonstrated greater expertise in research-based treatment, and fewer reported they would use nonspeech oral motor exercises (NSOME). CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide preliminary support for such two-stage international trainings in preparing local speech interventionists to deliver high-quality speech services to individuals born with cleft palate. While content knowledge appears to be acquired primarily from the online course, the two-stage training incorporating in-person supervised practice working with individuals born with cleft palate may best enhance continued clinical skill development, including replacement of NSOME with evidence-based speech treatment. Such trainings contribute to building capacity for sustainable quality services for this population in underresourced regions.
Assuntos
Fissura Palatina , Competência Clínica , Fonoterapia , Patologia da Fala e Linguagem , Humanos , Fissura Palatina/terapia , México , Patologia da Fala e Linguagem/educação , Fonoterapia/educação , Fonoterapia/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , Currículo , Adulto , Nicarágua , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em SaúdeRESUMO
Introducción: la atipia de células escamosas de significado indeterminado se refiere a cambios citológicos sugestivos de lesión intraepitelial de bajo grado, pero insuficientes para una interpretación definitiva. En nuestro medio, no se conoce la frecuencia de lesiones displásicas en pacientes con atipia de células escamosas de significado indeterminado y no hay certeza de cuál es el abordaje clínico más adecuado. Objetivo: describir los hallazgos histopatológicos en las biopsias o conizaciones realizadas por atipia de células escamosas de significado indeterminado y determinar la necesidad de toma de biopsia en estas pacientes...
Introduction: The term atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance refers to cytological changes suggestive of low-grade intraepithelial lesion that are insufficient for a definitive interpretation. In our region, there are no studies evaluating the frequency of dysplastic lesions in patients with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and there is no certainty about the most appropriate management. Aim: To describe the histopathological findings in biopsies or conizations performed after a diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance was made on cytology, and to determine the need for biopsy in these patients...
Assuntos
Humanos , Papiloma , Displasia do Colo do Útero , Neoplasias do Colo do ÚteroRESUMO
Resumen: el desorden linfoproliferativo T sistémico de la infancia asociado al virus Epstein-Barres una entidad clínica de descripción reciente, potencialmente mortal en niños y en adultos jóvenes.Se caracteriza por una proliferación clonal de linfocitos T con un fenotipo citotóxico activadoinfectados por el virus. Es más frecuente en países de Asia y México, y se desconoce su incidenciaen el medio. Se reporta un caso de esta enfermedad, con progresión indolente y desenlace fatal.
Abstract: systemic Epstein-Barr virus-positive T cell Iymphoproliferative disease of childhood is arecently described, potentially lethal clinical entity in children and young adults, characterized bya clonal proliferation of EBV-infected T-cells with an activated cytotoxic phenotype. It is typicallyprevalent in Asian countries and Mexico, and its incidence is unknown in our country. This reportdescribes a case of systemic Epstein-Barr virus positive.
Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr , Transtornos Linfoproliferativos , Linfócitos TRESUMO
Se presenta y discute el caso de una paciente de 39 años de edad, en embarazo, quien consultó el 29/07/2010, hacia la semana 28 de la gestación, por dolor en el hemiabdomen superior de 20 días de evolución. Entre sus antecedentes de importancia tenía los de una comunicación interauricular tipo ostium secundum, corregida quirúrgicamente el 20/07/2009, y prolapso leve de la válvula mitral. A su ingreso al hospital se le encontró actividad uterina, por la que había estado hospitalizada durante 13 días en otra institución en la que le administraron medicamentos para útero-inhibición y maduración pulmonar fetal; se le diagnosticaron además diabetes gestacional e hidropesía fetal no inmune. Evolucionó tórpidamente con irritabilidad uterina, dolor abdominal, taquicardia y taquipnea, y al tercer día de estancia en la unidad de cuidado intensivo tuvo parto vaginal difícil, que requirió el uso de fórceps; posterior al alumbramiento presentó dolor lumbar y colapso hemodinámico que obligaron a la administración de tratamiento vasopresor con norepinefrina y vasopresina; sin embargo, siguió acidótica e hipotensa, con tendencia a la bradicardia, y finalmente falleció.
We present the case of a 39-year-old woman who came to Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl (HUSVP), in Medellín, Colombia, on July 29, 2010, around the 28th week of her first pregnancy, because of upper abdominal pain during the last 20 days. She had suffered from an ostium secundum atrial sept deffect that was surgically corrected on July 20, 2009. A mild prolapse of the mitral valve was also present. On admission, she was found to have uterine activity for which she had been treated with different drugs, during 13 days, at another institution; medication to induce fetal lung maturation had also been administered. During her hospital stay diagnoses of gestational diabetes and non-immune fetal hydrops were made. At HUSVP she continued to have uterine irritability and abdominal pain, and developed tachycardia and tachypnea. On the third day of stay in the ICU she had a difficult vaginal delivery requiring the use of forceps. After childbirth, she experienced pain in the back and hemodynamic collapse. Despite vasopressor treatment with norepinephrine and vasopressin, she remained acidotic, hypotensive and bracycardic, and died.
Assuntos
Feminino , Complicações na Gravidez , Gravidez , Hidropisia Fetal , NecroseRESUMO
El Inventario del Desarrollo Comunicativo MacArthur- Bates (CDI Fenson, Marchman, Thal, Dale & Reznick, 2007) es un instrumento que permite evaluar de forma válida y confiable el desarrollo comunicativo y lingüístico de niños pequeños. Este estudio da cuenta del proceso de adaptación del CDI a los usos lingüísticos y al contexto cultural colombiano, así como su primera fase de baremación en la ciudad de Bogotá y sus alrededores. Los padres de 825 niños y niñas entre 8 y 30 meses de edad de diferentes estratos socioeconómicos, residentes en la ciudad de Bogotá y poblaciones aledañas, diligenciaron los inventarios adaptados para la población. El análisis estadístico incluyó medidas de confiabilidad y validez, las cuales avalan la consistencia interna y el valor predictivo de las escalas. Los resultados del presente estudio permiten identificar el ritmo evolutivo del proceso de adquisición del lenguaje en los niños colombianos, observando reorganizaciones y discontinuidades tal y como se reporta en otras adaptaciones del CDI.
The MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories- CDI (Fenson et al., 2007) is an instrument that allows a valid and reliable assessment of the communicative and linguistic development in young children. This paper describes the normalization process of the instrument to the language and cultural context of Colombia, as well as the first part of creation of the age-expected scores for the Capital city (Bogotá). The parents of 825 children, between 8 and 30 months from different socioeconomic backgrounds residing in Bogota's greater area, completed the adapted inventories. Statistical analysis included reliability and validity measures, which suggest internal consistency and a good predictive value for the scales version. Results allow the identification of developmental rhythms in language acquisition for colombian children, where discontinuities and reorganizations are the common note with different CDI adaptations around the world.
