Objective and Self-Reported Physical Activity and Risk of Falling Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults From Southern Brazil.

This study evaluated prospective associations between self-reported and objectively measured physical activity (PA) and risk of falls among older adults. A cohort study started in 2014 with 1,451 community-dwelling older adults living in Pelotas, Brazil. Leisure-time PA was obtained by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and 7-day raw accelerometer data evaluated for total, light PA, and moderate to vigorous PA. In 2016-2017, participants recorded their falls in the previous 12 months. Around 23% of the 1,161 participants followed-up in 2016-2017 experienced a fall in the last 12 months. Participants who did not spend any time in self-reported leisure-time PA at baseline had on average 34% higher risk of falls, and individuals in the lowest tertile for moderate to vigorous PA had on average 51% higher risk of falls compared to those in the highest tertile. Low levels of self-reported and objectively measured moderate to vigorous PA were related to higher risk of falling among Brazilian older adults.

Ateneo General de la Residencia de Psicopedagogía: Repensando la ortografía en la clínica psicopedagógica. ¿Vaca se escribe con b o con v?: Repensando la ortografía en la clínica psicopedagogica / General athenaeum of the psychopedagogical residence: rethinking spelling in the pedagogical clinic

Ateneo centrado en el sistema de lenguaje escrito español, y la conceptualización de la ortografía de la lengua española, en un primer lugar; en el sistema educativo argentino; los aportes del constructivismo y el psicoanálisis, por un lado, y las neurociencias por otro; y finalmente en una reflexión sobre la ortografía en la actualidad.

Physical activity levels objectively measured among older adults: a population-based study in a Southern city of Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Low levels of physical activity are currently observed in all age groups around the world. Among older adults physical activity is even lower, potentially influencing quality of life, incidence of diseases and premature mortality. The aim of this study was to describe objectively measured physical activity levels among older adults residents in a Southern city of Brazil. METHODS: A population-based study was carried out including people aged 60+ years living in the urban area of Pelotas. Face-to-face interviews, anthropometric measures and triaxial accelerometry (non-dominant wrist) were used to collect sociodemographic, anthropometric and physical activity, respectively. For descriptive purposes, overall physical activity was expressed as daily averages of acceleration. Time spent in light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) using different bout criteria (non-bouted, and in 1-, 5- and 10-min bouts) were calculated. Crude and adjusted analyses were performed using simple linear regression to examine the association between physical activity and exposure variables. RESULTS: Overall, 971 individuals provided valid accelerometry data. Women spent on average more time on LPA (136.2 vs. 127.6 min per day). Men and women respectively accumulated, in average, 64.5 and 56.7 min per day of non-bouted MVPA, while these daily averages were 14.9 and 9.46 min using 5-min, and 8.1 and 4.5 min using 10-min bout MVPA. In adjusted analyses, men aged 80 years or more spent in average 45 min less LPA per day when compared to men 60-69 years and, among women, this difference was 65 min. Considering time in 5-min MVPA bouts, the youngest age group and those with a better self-perceived health accumulated more MVPA. Specifically among men, socioeconomic status was inversely associated with 5-min bout MVPA. CONCLUSION: The present study showed low levels of physical activity among Brazilian older adults, even lower in more advanced ages, and a different pattern for physical activity intensity between men and women.

Tendência da incidência de dengue no Brasil, 2002-2012 / Tendencia de la incidencia de dengue en Brasil, 2002-2012 / Dengue incidence trend in Brazil, 2002-2012

OBJETIVO: analisar a tendência da incidência de dengue no Brasil, no período de 2002 a 2012. MÉTODOS: estudo ecológico com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificação (Sinan); a taxa de incidência de dengue foi calculada segundo grupos etários, unidades da federação (UF) e grandes regiões do país, utilizando-se a regressão de Prais-Winsten. RESULTADOS: as taxas de incidência de dengue no Brasil, em 2002 e 2012, foram de 401,6 e 301,5 por 100 mil habitantes, respectivamente; as taxas de incremento anual revelaram-se estáveis (21,4%; IC95% -19,8;83,7) na maioria das UF, à exceção de Alagoas (38,9%; IC95% 5,1;83,5) e Tocantins (50,4%; IC95% 12,6;100,7); a região Norte foi a única a apresentar tendência de crescimento da incidência de dengue. CONCLUSÃO: embora as taxas tenham permanecido estáveis na maioria das UF, ainda são altas no país; políticas mais amplas com foco em novas estratégias de combate à dengue mostram-se necessárias.

OBJETIVO: describir la tendencia de la incidencia de dengue en Brasil, de 2002 a 2012. MÉTODOS: estudio ecológico con datos del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades y Notificación; la tasa de incidencia del dengue se calculó según, edad, unidades de la federación (UF) y regiones; Regresión Prais-Winsten fue utilizada. RESULTADOS: las tasas de incidencia de dengue en Brasil fueron 401,6 y 301,5 por 100 mil habitantes, respectivamente; tasas de crecimiento anual se mantuvieron estables en el país (21,4% - IC95% -19,8;83,7) y la mayor parte de la UF, con la excepción de Alagoas (38,9% - IC95% 5,1;83,5) y Tocantins (50,4% - IC95% 12,6;100,7); la Región Norte fue la única a presentar tendencia al alza en la incidencia del dengue. CONCLUSIÓN: aunque las tasas se han mantenido estables la mayoría de las UF, siguen siendo altas en Brasil; políticas públicas más amplias parecen ser necesarias, centrándose principalmente en las nuevas estrategias de control del dengue.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze dengue incidence trend in Brazil from 2002 to 2012. METHODS: this was an ecological study with data of the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (Sinan); the incidence rate was calculated by age groups, states and macroregions, through Prais-Winsten regression. RESULTS: dengue incidence rates in Brazil, in 2002 and 2012, were of 401.6 and 301.5 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively; annual increment rates were stable (21.4%; 95%CI -19.8;83.7) in most of the states, except for Alagoas (38.9%; 95%CI 5.1;83.5) and Tocantins (50.4%; 95%CI 12.6;100.7); the North Region was the only region to present increase trend in the incidence of dengue. CONCLUSION: although rates have remained stable in most of the states, they are still high in Brazil; broader public policies focusing on new dengue control strategies are necessary.

Dengue incidence trend in Brazil, 2002-2012. / Tendência da incidência de dengue no Brasil, 2002-2012.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze dengue incidence trend in Brazil from 2002 to 2012. METHODS: this was an ecological study with data of the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (Sinan); the incidence rate was calculated by age groups, states and macroregions, through Prais-Winsten regression. RESULTS: dengue incidence rates in Brazil, in 2002 and 2012, were of 401.6 and 301.5 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively; annual increment rates were stable (21.4%; 95%CI -19.8;83.7) in most of the states, except for Alagoas (38.9%; 95%CI 5.1;83.5) and Tocantins (50.4%; 95%CI 12.6;100.7); the North Region was the only region to present increase trend in the incidence of dengue. CONCLUSION: although rates have remained stable in most of the states, they are still high in Brazil; broader public policies focusing on new dengue control strategies are necessary.

Social Support and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among the Elderly: A Population-Based Study.

BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity in elderly is a public health problem. The purpose of this study is to describe and test the association between social support and leisure-time physical activity among the elderly. METHODS: A cross-sectional, population-based study with 1,285 subjects (60+ years old) living in a city in southern Brazil was carried out in 2014. Physical activity practice was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire [leisure domain: at least 150 minutes per week of walking + moderate physical activity + 2(vigorous physical activity)], while social support was measured using the Physical Activity Social Support Scale. RESULTS: The prevalence of elderly who reached the recommendations of leisure-time physical activity was 18.4%. The elderly persons who had the company of family or friends to walk had a 2.45 times higher prevalence of reaching the recommendations of physical activity in leisure than those who did not. Those who had company of friends to practice moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were 3.23 times more likely to reach physical activity recommendations than their counterparts. The least common social support was the joint practice for walking and for MVPA. CONCLUSION: Strategies that incentivize family members and friends to provide social support to the elderly for physical activity focusing on joint practice must be encouraged.

Espaços públicos de lazer: distribuição, qualidade e adequação à prática de atividade física / Public open spaces in Pelotas (Brazil): distribution, quality and suitability for physical activity practice

Os espaços públicos de lazer representam uma alternativa de ampliação e democratização do acesso a locais propícios para prática de atividade física. O objetivo do estudo foi descrever os espaços públicos de lazer em termos quanti e qualitativos, assim como sua adequação para a prática de atividades físicas e distribuição na cidade. Foi realizado um estudo observacional descritivo, realizado na zona urbana do município de Pelotas/RS. Aspectos de conforto, estética e adequação à prática de atividades físicas foram avaliados por meio do instrumento Physical Activity Resource Assessment (PARA) em praças, parques e canteiros habitáveis. Informações sobre renda e densidade populacional dos setores censitários foram baseadas no censo demográfico de 2010. Foram identificadas 110 praças e oito parques. Mais deles (57,6%) apresentam algum atributo para prática de atividade física, enquanto nos canteiros este percentual foi de 44,8%. Espaços para prática de futebol e parquinhos foram as estruturas mais comuns em praças/parques (47,5% e 43,2%, respectivamente), enquanto pistas/trilhas de caminhada foram as mais comuns nos canteiros (43,3%). Em geral, 45,7% das estruturas apresentaram boa qualidade. Quanto maior a média de renda domiciliar dos setores censitários, maior o número de espaços de lazer (r = 0,31) e uma relação inversa foi encontrada com densidade populacional dos setores censitários (r = -0,32). Assim, evidenciou-se iniquidades socioeconômicas e demográficas na distribuição dos espaços públicos de lazer, bem como uma pequena diversidade das estruturas para a prática de atividade física e a necessidade de (re)qualificação dos espaços públicos já existentes.

Public open spaces might be an alternative to increase and democratize the access to places for physical activity practice. The study aim was to describe quantitative and qualitatively public open spaces in the city of Pelotas, Brazil, as well as their distribution in the city and their suitability for physical activity practice. An observational descriptive study was performed in the urban area of Pelotas (Brazil). Amenities, incivilities, aesthetic and suitability for physical activity in the public open spaces were evaluated through the Physical Activity Resource Assessment. Mean income and population density of the census tracts were based on the Brazilian demographic census (2010). Most parks (57.6%) presented some attribute for physical activity practice; while among boulevards the percentage was lower (44.8%). Football pitches and playgrounds were the most common attributes found in parks (47.5% and 43.2%, respectively), and walk path/trail was the most frequent in the boulevards (43,3%). In general, 45.7% of the attributes for physical activity practice were considered as presenting high quality. There was a positive correlation between census tracts' mean income and the number of public open spaces (r = 0.31). Otherwise, an inverse correlation was found with population density (r = -0.32). Socioeconomic and demographic iniquities were observed in the distribution of public open spaces. Further, this study highlighted needs of improvements on diversity of attributes for physical activity practice and (re)qualification of the existing public open spaces.

A inserção da subárea de Atividade Física e Saúde nos programas de pós-graduação em Educação Física no Brasil / Insertion of the health-related physical activity field in the Physical Education postgraduate courses in Brazil

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a inserção da subárea de Atividade Física e Saúde (AFS) nos programas de pós-graduação (PPG) em Educação Física no Brasil. Trata-se de estudo descritivo baseado em análise de dados secundários, presentes nos relatórios da avaliação de 2012 da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), realizado em março de 2014. Foram selecionados os PPG que ofertavam mestrado ou doutorado acadêmico em Educação Física. Quantificaram-se as áreas de concentração, linhas de pesquisa, projetos de pesquisa em andamento, docentes permanentes e colaboradores e alunos totais em cada PPG, assim como aquelas pertencentes à subárea de AFS. Na análise dos dados se utilizou a estatística descritiva, estratificações por macrorregiões geográficas e conceitos na avaliação da CAPES. Foram avaliados 26 PPG, dos quais três não apresentaram área de concentração que contemplava a AFS. Do total, 55,8% das áreas de concentração, 25,0% das linhas de pesquisa, 26,0% dos projetos de pesquisa, 38,7% dos professores e 29,7% dos alunos têm vinculação com a AFS. Os PPG com conceitos 5 e 3 apresentaram maior contribuição da AFS, enquanto os PPG com conceito 6 apresentaram menores proporções. Os padrões de inserção da AFS nas macrorregiões foram díspares. Conclui-se que a subárea de AFS tem posição de destaque nos PPG em Educação Física no Brasil. No entanto, desequilíbrios regionais e entre instituições mais e menos consolidadas indicam desafios para o futuro.

The goal of this study was to verify the insertion of the health-related physical activity (HRPA) field in Physical Education (PE) postgraduate courses (PGC) in Brazil. This is a descriptive study based on analysis of secondary data found in reports of the 2012 evaluation of the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), held in March 2014. PGC that offer academic masters or doctoral degree in PE were selected. The total concentration areas, research lines, research projects ongoing, permanent and collaborators faculty, and students in each PGC were quantified, as well as those belonging to the HRPA field. Analysis of data was descriptively, stratified by geographic macro-regions and by the grades in the CAPES evaluation. Were evaluated 26 courses, of which three showed no concentration area that included HRPA. Of all, 55.8% of the concentration areas, 25.0% of the research lines, 26.0% of the projects, 38.7% of the faculty, and 29.7% of the students have linkage with HRPA. PGC with grades 5 and 3 showed higher contribution of HRPA. However, PGC with grade 6 showed the lowest proportions of contribution of HRPA. The patterns of insertion of the HRPA field in the macro-regions were disparate. It is concluded that the HRPA field has a prominent position in Physical Education PGC in Brazil. Nevertheless, regional and institutional imbalances indicate challenges for the future.