Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) BRS Ponteio and wheat (Triticum aestivum) BRS Tarumã pasture with different doses of ammonium sulfate as topdressing

This study analyzed the behavior of the annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) BRS Ponteio and dual-purpose wheat (Triticum aestivum) BRS Tarumã with different doses of ammonium sulfate as topdressing and evaluated the exponential growth model to explain the physiological development of both species. For each species, a completely randomized design was used with four replications per treatment with 9m2 area, in which the following treatments were distributed: 0, 150, 250, 350 and 450 kg nitrogen per hectare applied as ammonium sulfate. The cumulative and adjusted productions to the exponential growth model at the end of the cycle were, respectively: BRS Ponteio 150 = 5,620; 250 = 5,920; 350 = 7,585 and 450 = 8,491 and BRS Tarumã 150 = 3,922; 250 = 5,060; 350 = 7,024 and 450 = 7,491 kg dry matter per hectare. The cultivars analyzed without nitrogen application had limited growth and showed no adjustment even to the first order linear model. The application of nitrogen decreased the interval between cuts and increased dry matter production per hectare following the exponential growth model.(AU)

Production of annual ryegrass with different doses of nitrogen fertilization in topdressing / Produção de azevém sob doses de adubação nitrogenada em cobertura

The objective of this study was to assess the growth of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) cv. BRS Ponteio with different doses of nitrogen applied in the pasture, thereby adjusting their growth to the exponential growth model. A randomized block design was used with five nitrogen application rates (0, 150, 250, 350, and 450 kg N ha-1) and four replicates, applied in installments. Each plot measured 9 m2. On April 15, 2014, 25 kg ha-1 of viable pure seeds of annual ryegrass were sown at a depth of 0.02 m, in 18 rows spaced at 0.17 m in each plot. Growth in the control treatment (zero nitrogen) pasture lasted 167 days with only three cuts, whereas in pastures treated with 350 and 450 kg N ha-1, growth was extended for an additional 45 days with a 333% increase in the number of cuts. The pastures were used for the same duration (188 days) in the treatments with 150 and 250 kg N ha-1, however, increased nitrogen resulted in two additional cuts and a shorter time interval between cuts. The time interval between each cut and the degree-days interacted dynamically causing distinct growth. Growth of the annual ryegrass BRS Ponteio without nitrogen application is poor and cannot be represented even by a first order linear model. The application of nitrogen topdressing, in the form of urea, decreases the time interval between cuts, increases the dry matter production per hectare, stimulates this production, and follows the exponential growth model.(AU)

Objetivou-se estudar a produção da cultura de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum) BRS Ponteio com diferentes doses de nitrogênio aplicadas em cobertura ajustando-as ao modelo de crescimento exponencial. Foi utilizado delineamento completamente casualizado com quatro repetições por tratamentos com parcelas de 9m2 de área útil, nas quais foram distribuídos os tratamentos: 0, 150, 250, 350 e 450 quilogramas de nitrogênio por hectare aplicados de forma parcelada. No dia 15 de abril de 2014 realizou-se a semeadura do azevém na densidade de 25 kg de sementes puras viáveis ha-1 na profundidade de 0,02 m, com 18 linhas em cada parcela espaçadas 0,17 m. No tratamento testemunha (zero de nitrogênio) o pasto durou 167 dias com apenas três cortes, enquanto nas doses de 350 e 450 kg de nitrogênio por hectare a espécie estendeu-se por mais 45 dias com número de cortes 333% maior. Nos tratamentos 150 e 250 quilogramas de nitrogênio por hectare verificou-se que o tempo de utilização da pastagem foi o mesmo, 188 dias, mas houve diferença de dois cortes, ou seja, as diferentes doses de nitrogênio impactam sobre os intervalos entre cortes. O intervalo de dias entre cada corte e os graus-dia interagem de forma dinâmica ocasionando crescimento distintos. O cultivo de azevém anual BRS Ponteio sem aplicação de nitrogênio é limitado e não apresenta ajuste nem mesmo a modelo linear de primeira ordem. A aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura na forma de ureia diminui o intervalo entre cortes e aumenta a produção de matéria seca por hectare. A aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura na forma de ureia estimula a produção de matéria seca, seguindo o modelo de crescimento exponencial.(AU)

Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) BRS Ponteio and wheat (Triticum aestivum) BRS Tarumã pasture with different doses of ammonium sulfate as topdressing

This study analyzed the behavior of the annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) BRS Ponteio and dual-purpose wheat (Triticum aestivum) BRS Tarumã with different doses of ammonium sulfate as topdressing and evaluated the exponential growth model to explain the physiological development of both species. For each species, a completely randomized design was used with four replications per treatment with 9m2 area, in which the following treatments were distributed: 0, 150, 250, 350 and 450 kg nitrogen per hectare applied as ammonium sulfate. The cumulative and adjusted productions to the exponential growth model at the end of the cycle were, respectively: BRS Ponteio 150 = 5,620; 250 = 5,920; 350 = 7,585 and 450 = 8,491 and BRS Tarumã 150 = 3,922; 250 = 5,060; 350 = 7,024 and 450 = 7,491 kg dry matter per hectare. The cultivars analyzed without nitrogen application had limited growth and showed no adjustment even to the first order linear model. The application of nitrogen decreased the interval between cuts and increased dry matter production per hectare following the exponential growth model.

Production of annual ryegrass with different doses of nitrogen fertilization in topdressing / Produção de azevém sob doses de adubação nitrogenada em cobertura

The objective of this study was to assess the growth of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) cv. BRS Ponteio with different doses of nitrogen applied in the pasture, thereby adjusting their growth to the exponential growth model. A randomized block design was used with five nitrogen application rates (0, 150, 250, 350, and 450 kg N ha-1) and four replicates, applied in installments. Each plot measured 9 m2. On April 15, 2014, 25 kg ha-1 of viable pure seeds of annual ryegrass were sown at a depth of 0.02 m, in 18 rows spaced at 0.17 m in each plot. Growth in the control treatment (zero nitrogen) pasture lasted 167 days with only three cuts, whereas in pastures treated with 350 and 450 kg N ha-1, growth was extended for an additional 45 days with a 333% increase in the number of cuts. The pastures were used for the same duration (188 days) in the treatments with 150 and 250 kg N ha-1, however, increased nitrogen resulted in two additional cuts and a shorter time interval between cuts. The time interval between each cut and the degree-days interacted dynamically causing distinct growth. Growth of the annual ryegrass BRS Ponteio without nitrogen application is poor and cannot be represented even by a first order linear model. The application of nitrogen topdressing, in the form of urea, decreases the time interval between cuts, increases the dry matter production per hectare, stimulates this production, and follows the exponential growth model.

Objetivou-se estudar a produção da cultura de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum) BRS Ponteio com diferentes doses de nitrogênio aplicadas em cobertura ajustando-as ao modelo de crescimento exponencial. Foi utilizado delineamento completamente casualizado com quatro repetições por tratamentos com parcelas de 9m2 de área útil, nas quais foram distribuídos os tratamentos: 0, 150, 250, 350 e 450 quilogramas de nitrogênio por hectare aplicados de forma parcelada. No dia 15 de abril de 2014 realizou-se a semeadura do azevém na densidade de 25 kg de sementes puras viáveis ha-1 na profundidade de 0,02 m, com 18 linhas em cada parcela espaçadas 0,17 m. No tratamento testemunha (zero de nitrogênio) o pasto durou 167 dias com apenas três cortes, enquanto nas doses de 350 e 450 kg de nitrogênio por hectare a espécie estendeu-se por mais 45 dias com número de cortes 333% maior. Nos tratamentos 150 e 250 quilogramas de nitrogênio por hectare verificou-se que o tempo de utilização da pastagem foi o mesmo, 188 dias, mas houve diferença de dois cortes, ou seja, as diferentes doses de nitrogênio impactam sobre os intervalos entre cortes. O intervalo de dias entre cada corte e os graus-dia interagem de forma dinâmica ocasionando crescimento distintos. O cultivo de azevém anual BRS Ponteio sem aplicação de nitrogênio é limitado e não apresenta ajuste nem mesmo a modelo linear de primeira ordem. A aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura na forma de ureia diminui o intervalo entre cortes e aumenta a produção de matéria seca por hectare. A aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura na forma de ureia estimula a produção de matéria seca, seguindo o modelo de crescimento exponencial.