PRE-WAR STATE OF INFORMATION PROVISION OF THE POPULATION OF SURVEILLANCE ZONES ON THE SAFETY OF NUCLEAR ENERGY FACILITIES. / DOVOIeNNYI STAN INFORMATsIINOGO ZABEZPEChENNIa NASELENNIa ZON SPOSTEREZhENNIa Z PYTAN' BEZPEKY OB'IeKTIV IaDERNOÏ ENERGETYKY.

OBJECTIVE: to assess the state of information needs of the population and its provision by local governments on the safety of nuclear energy facilities and community preparedness for emergencies at nuclear power plants (NNP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: To determine the information needs of the population, a survey of the working population of the surveillance zone (SZ) of the NPP was conducted using unique probability sampling, where the sample was 322 people and the sampling error was 5.4 % with a confidence interval of 95.0 %. The issues of population behavior in case of emergencies at NPPs were studied. The assessment of the quality of the information content of the official websites of the executive authorities and local governments of various levels on radiation safety issues was carried out. RESULTS: The population of the SZ NPP considers the most effective information at the place of work, through neighbors, friends, from State Emergency Service specialists. Among information channels, the first place in terms of efficiency is occupied by Internet resources and social networks; the press and television occupy the second position, but remain convenient for the majority of the population. The most popular information related to NPP activities are: radiation status, environmental impact, benefits and subventions, such as compensation for the risk of living near NPPs, conditions of storage and disposal of radioactive waste. The preparedness of communities and the behavior of the population, in case of an emergency at the nuclear power plant, has been practiced in the satellite city and partially in the cities, but the rural population understands the sequence of actions much worse. CONCLUSION: Information support in NPP satellite cities is significantly better compared to rural areas of SZ. Bodies of executive power and local selfgovernment of the NPP SZ do not perform their function of informing the population on radiation safety and community readiness for emergencies through their official websites. The problem of information support of territorial communities is one of the most important to prevent the consequences of emergencies.

HEALTH IN THE SYSTEM OF VALUES OF THE POPULATION OF THE SURVEILLANCE ZONES NUCLEAR POWER PLANTSS. / ZDOROV'Ia V SYSTEMI TsINNOSTEI NASELENNIa ZON SPOSTEREZhENNIa ATOMNYKh ELEKTROSTANTsII.

OBJECTIVE: to determine the place of health in the system of values of the population of the surveillance zone (SZ)of nuclear power plants (NPPs) and its importance in the perception of emergency risks (ER). MATERIALS AND METHODS: To determine the place of health in the value system, a survey of the able-bodied popula-tion of satellite cities of Rivne (RNPP) and South Ukrainian (SUNPP) nuclear power plants was conducted using non-repetitive sampling, where the sampling error does not exceed 7,0 %. The motivational and behavioral componentthat determined health in the individual hierarchy of values of the subject according to the questionnaireBerezovskaya R. A. was studied. Statistical and mathematical methods were used in the research process. RESULTS: The array of respondents was conditionally divided into 4 groups according to their attitude to humanhealth. And the group where a person's life position is focused exclusively on health is the most common - 77,0 %.Group IV, which wants to live without limiting itself, is 8,1 %. The component integrity of values-goals and values-means among the urban population of the SZ of both nuclear power plants is the same: the main goal in life is health,happy family life, and as a means - perseverance, diligence and health. Goal values in groups I and IV have somedifferences: in the first group of respondents the main goal in life is health, and in the fourth, where a person's lifeguidelines exclude any restrictions - a happy family life. Values for these populations have some differences, but inboth groups health appears to be the main means to an end. There is a close correlation between the core of termi-nal values and the average indicators of the state of concern about the risk of emergencies. CONCLUSIONS: Identified hierarchy of values: a group of stable dominant values; average status values; group of leastsignificant values. The values of the highest status among the values-goals are - health, happy family life and inte-resting work. Most respondents plan to achieve them through values such as «health¼, «perseverance and hardwork¼. There is a close correlation between the core of terminal values and the average indicators of the state ofconcern about the risk of emergencies.

ECOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS IN THE FORMATION OF THE POPULATION'S ATTITUDE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF NUCLEAR ENERGY. / EKOLOGIChNI DETERMINANTY U FORMUVANNI STAVLENNIa NASELENNIa DO ROZVYTKU ATOMNOÏ ENERGETYKY.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the key environmental determinants that shape the response of the social environment tothe activities of nuclear power plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The poll was conducted in the observation zone (OZ) of the South-Ukrainian NPP (SUNPP).A repetition-free probabilistic selection was used in the population survey. The sample of respondents from the population of the SUNPP OZ was 322 people with the sampling error of 5.4 % and confidence interval of 95.0%. An ordinal 5-point measurement scale was used to assess the quality of life and anxiety, and nominal measurement scaleswere used for other issues. All the age groups of population from 20 to 65 years were taken into account. The sociohygienic, sociological, statistical and mathematical research methods were applied in the process of work (relativevalues, averages, reliability of paired differences according to Student's t test). RESULTS: The level of perception of radiation risk by the population of the NPP OZ was the lowest among respondentsof satellite cities of Rivne NPP (RNPP) and SUNPP compared to the population of rural settlements and cities of theOZ. Storage and shipment of radioactive waste are the determinant among the factors that form an environmentalthreat to the population of OZ as a result of NPP activities. Social factors that determine the assessment of environmental safety of NPP activities are employment at the NPP, place of residence, gender, age, level of education of thepopulation, etc. The «Ch-image¼ of the ecological catastrophe formed in the population of Ukraine as a result of theChNPP accident , regardless of the place of residence on the territory of Ukraine, influences behavior, formation ofplans and assessments, especially in population living near the ionizing radiation sources. CONCLUSION: The current legislation governing the relationship between functioning NPPs and the communities inwhich they are located needs to be improved, guided by the basic principle of environmental public health - socialjustice, i.e. the human right to a healthy environment. It means that the settlements of the OZ (communities)receive funds to compensate for risk living in compliance with certain safety rules to maintain health. Legal regulation and constant awareness of population are the main directions for the formation of adequate assessments.

IMPACT OF THE RIVNE NPP ACTIVITY ON NATURAL AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE CONTROL AREA. / VPLYV DIIaL'NOSTI RIVNENS'KOÏ AES NA PRYRODNE TA SOTsIAL'NE SEREDOVYShchE ZONY SPOSTEREZhENNIa.

OBJECTIVE: To assess an impact of the Rivne Nuclear Power Plant (RNPP) activity on the control area (CA) environ- ment according to environmental and radiation monitoring data over time of 2011-2017 as a component of the radiation safety system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Review of geographical and natural features of the territory of the «Rivne NPP¼ manufac- turing facility was carried out to assess its CA environment. Assessment of environmental and radiation situation of the CA was carried out according to the data of RNPP monitoring systems and a number of state institutions of Rivne oblast over time of 2011-2017. Opinion of the CA population about the RNPP environmental impact was studied. The sampled population of respondents was calculated based on the total population living in CA. The sampling error no more that 7.0%. Data from sociological survey of population were calculated using the statistical programs. RESULTS: The radiation impact of RNPP on environment is related to emissions and discharges of radioactive sub- stances generated in the production cycle. Over time the total index of radionuclide discharge to the Styr River since 2011 is of a marked downward trend from 2.11 % to 0.18 %. The maximum concentrations of 60Co and 137Cs radionuclides at the three sampling points along the Styr River over time of 2011-2016 were about one thousandth of a percent, and of 131I - one hundredth of a permissible value according to the Radiation Safety Standards of Ukraine (RSSU). Emissions of inert radioactive gases and long-lived nuclides into the atmosphere were less than 0.2 % and iodine emissions were 0.01 % to the emission limit. Average radionuclide concentrations in the natural air of the RNPP CA settlements did not exceed the admissible concentration limit (ACL). Concentrations of chem- ical pollutants in discharges of the RNPP to the Styr River over time of 2012-2017 did not exceed the ACL. Integral wastewaters of municipal enterprises of the CA and RNPP result in an increased index of biochemical oxygen uti- lization and ammonium salt content in the Styr River, exceeding the ACL in fishery reservoir water. No exceedance of ACL of repugnant substances in the open air of settlements was observed regarding the pollutants under study. According to population survey the radiation contamination of territories as a result of the ChNPP accident and RNPP activities, which cause anxiety, are the key factors determining an environmental situation at the place of residence. The correlation coefficients between anxiety index and public estimates of environmental situation are established. CONCLUSIONS: Content of radionuclides in emissions and discharges generated in the RNPP production cycle under everyday conditions does not exceed the allowed RSSU-97 values. The combined discharges of collective enterpri- ses and RNPP are the main sources of chemical pollution of surface waters in CA. There is a higher correlation coef- ficient between the anxiety and somatization rates and environmental sphere parameter in rural population com- pared to urban one. The combined effect of environmental, radiation and psychological factors on the RNPP CA population makes the health studies necessary in the latter.

Social safety and medical maintenance of the labour pool in surveillance areas of the nuclear power plants. / SOTsIAL'NA ZAKhYShchENIST' TA MEDYChNE ZABEZPEChENNIa PRATsEZDATNOGO NASELENNIa ZONY SPOSTEREZhENNIa ATOMNYKh ELEKTROSTANTsIY̆.

OBJECTIVE: To study the contentment of population of NPP surveillance areas i.e. monitoring zones with specific components of quality of life, namely the social security, medical care, and socio economic compensation of risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A sociological study of public opinion about the specific components of quality of life has been conducted in population of the NPP monitoring zone. A questionnaire with independent question blocks was developed. A non repeatable probabilistic selection was applied in population opinion poll. The sampled population was calculated on the basis of the total population living in the NPP monitoring zone. Sample error not exceeded 7.0%. A comparative assessment of the responses of various groups of the able bodied population on issues of social security, medical care, socio economic compensation of risk and analysis of statistical data for 2011-2015 on the resource potential of medical facility of the nuclear power plant overspill town has been conducted. RESULTS: The safety and security status is rated at below the average. Documents regulating the life safety of pop ulation of NPP monitoring zone provide them no confidence in their security. Probability estimates of man made accidents are higher in urban population and depend on education level. The socialized health care is assessed on low and average levels according to the studied parameters. Among the types of medical care the providing of nec essary medical goods, preventive examinations, scheduled medical examination service, ambulance activity, and medical psychological aid need to be improved. There was no significant change in resource potential of special ized healthcare infirmary of NPP overspill town for the last 5 years. CONCLUSION: Low rating by the monitoring zone population of work efficiency of health facilities is determined by a set of factors, some of which lies in the plane of state socio economic problems. Choice priority of the direct sub ventions in population of monitoring zone depends on the place of residence and occupation. Provisions on social security, protection and medical care of population of the NPP monitoring zones in Ukraine do not correspond to European standards and require a revision.

[Experience of application of meronem in the treatment of severe purulent sepsis in children]. / Opyt primeneniia meronema v lechenii tiazhelogo gnoino-septicheskogo sostoianiia u detei.

Results of antibacterial therapy with application of meropenem (meronem by firm Astra Zeneca, Great Britain) in 29 childs with severe purulent-septic state, including 5 with toxic peritonitis, in 2--with sepsis, in 3 newborn childs--with esophageal atresia and in 19--with the blood disease (nonhodgkin's lymphoma, an acute lymphoblastic or myeloblastic leucosis, reccurrent of acute lymphoblastic leucosis, nephroblastoma).

[Psychophysiological condition of wounded]. / O psikhofiziologicheskom sostoianii ranenykh.

Psychological and psychophysiological investigation of the casualties with injured extremities was conducted in 3-5 and in 30-40 days after being wounded. It has shown that during stay in clinic some dynamics in their psychic state was observed. Marked asthenization was the leading sign in the initial treatment period. That's why it is reasonable to use not exhausting projective methods and some short questionnaires (scales) at this stage. In a month after starting treating the casualties the aggressive tendency, mood decrease, increase in the reactive anxiety level, sympathetic tonus of vegetative nervous system were coming into the foreground. It characterizes the development of posttraumatic stress disorders. Gradual increase in the casualties' activity is also typical of the hospital treatment period. That's why the psychological and psychophysiological investigation can be supplemented with volumetric personal tests.