MicroRNAs miR-629-3p, miR-1202 and miR-1225-5p as potential diagnostic and surgery outcome biomarkers for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is a symptomatic epilepsy syndrome clinically characterized by high prevalence, pharmacoresistance, good surgical prognosis and hippocampal sclerosis (HS); however, no singular criteria can be considered sufficient for the MTLE-HS diagnosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding molecules that act as important gene-expression regulators at post-transcriptional level. Evidences on the involvement of miRNAs in epilepsy pathogenesis as well as their potential to be employed as biomarkers claim for investigations on miRNAs' applicability as epilepsy diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers. Consequently, the present study aimed to evaluate the applicability of three specific miRNAs as biomarkers of diagnosis and surgical outcomes in adult patients with MTLE-HS. METHOD: Hippocampus, amygdala and blood samples from 20 patients with MTLE-HS were analyzed, 10 with favorable surgical prognosis (Engel I) and 10 with unfavorable surgical prognosis (Engel III-IV). For the control groups, hippocampus and amygdala from necropsy and blood samples from healthy individuals were adopted. The miRNAs expression analysis was performed using Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction for miRNAs highlighted from microarray as being involved in GABAergic neurotransmission. RESULTS: The miRNAs miR-629-3p, miR-1202 and miR-1225-5p were found to be hyper-expressed in MTLE-HS patients' blood. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest the existence of three circulating miRNAs (miR-629-3p, miR-1202 and miR-1225-5p) that could possibly act as additional tools in the set of factors that contribute to MTLE-HS diagnose.

Bone marrow-derived cells are recruited by the melanoma tumor with endothelial cells contributing to tumor vasculature

Purpose. Tumor expansion is dependent on neovascularization, a process that requires sustained new vessel formation. Although the critical role of angiogenesis by endothelial sprouting in this process, controversy still prevails on whether angiogenesis involving bone marrow-derived endothelial cells, does contribute to this process. This study aims to evaluate the recruitment of bone marrow-derived cells by the melanoma tumor, including endothelial cells, and if they contribute to angiogenesis. Methods. A chimeric mouse model of GFP bone marrow was used to induce melanoma tumors derived from murine B16-F10 cell line. These tumors were evaluated for the presence of myeloid cells (CD11b), T lymphocytes (CD3, CD4 and CD8) and endothelial cells (VEGFR2 and CD31) derived from bone marrow. Results. Mice transplanted with GFP+ cells showed significant bone marrow chimerism (90.9 ± 0.87 %) when compared to the GFP transgenic mice (90.66 ± 2.1 %, p = 0.83) demonstrating successful engraftment of donor bone marrow stem/progenitor cells. Analysis of the murine melanoma tumor showed the presence of donor cells in the tumors (3.5 ± 1.7 %) and interestingly, these cells represent endothelial cells (CD31+ cells; 11.5 ± 6.85 %) and myeloid cells (CD11b+ cells; 80 ± 21 %), but also tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD8+ T cells, 13.31 ± 0.2 %; CD4+ T-cells, 2.1 ± 1.2 %). Examination of the tumor endothelium by confocal microscopy suggests the presence of donor CD31+/GFP+ cells in the wall of some blood vessels. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that bone marrow-derived cells are recruited by the murine melanoma tumor, with myeloid cells and CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes migrating as antitumor immune response, and endothelial cells participating of the tumor blood vessels formation (AU)

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Bone marrow-derived cells are recruited by the melanoma tumor with endothelial cells contributing to tumor vasculature.

PURPOSE: Tumor expansion is dependent on neovascularization, a process that requires sustained new vessel formation. Although the critical role of angiogenesis by endothelial sprouting in this process, controversy still prevails on whether angiogenesis involving bone marrow-derived endothelial cells, does contribute to this process. This study aims to evaluate the recruitment of bone marrow-derived cells by the melanoma tumor, including endothelial cells, and if they contribute to angiogenesis. METHODS: A chimeric mouse model of GFP bone marrow was used to induce melanoma tumors derived from murine B16-F10 cell line. These tumors were evaluated for the presence of myeloid cells (CD11b), T lymphocytes (CD3, CD4 and CD8) and endothelial cells (VEGFR2 and CD31) derived from bone marrow. RESULTS: Mice transplanted with GFP+ cells showed significant bone marrow chimerism (90.9 ± 0.87 %) when compared to the GFP transgenic mice (90.66 ± 2.1 %, p = 0.83) demonstrating successful engraftment of donor bone marrow stem/progenitor cells. Analysis of the murine melanoma tumor showed the presence of donor cells in the tumors (3.5 ± 1.7 %) and interestingly, these cells represent endothelial cells (CD31+ cells; 11.5 ± 6.85 %) and myeloid cells (CD11b+ cells; 80 ± 21 %), but also tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD8+ T cells, 13.31 ± 0.2 %; CD4+ T-cells, 2.1 ± 1.2 %). Examination of the tumor endothelium by confocal microscopy suggests the presence of donor CD31+/GFP+ cells in the wall of some blood vessels. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that bone marrow-derived cells are recruited by the murine melanoma tumor, with myeloid cells and CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes migrating as antitumor immune response, and endothelial cells participating of the tumor blood vessels formation.