La cronodisrupción como causa de envejecimiento / Chronodisruption and ageing

La sociedad actual favorece un modo de vida con mayor actividad nocturna, disminución de las horas de sueño y, en ocasiones, desplazamientos horarios (tales como jet lag o trabajo a turnos) que generan cronodisrupción (CD), la cual puede conducir a un envejecimiento prematuro. La CD se define como una alteración relevante del orden temporal interno de los ritmos circadianos bioquímicos, fisiológicos y de comportamiento. Estudios epidemiológicos muestran una relación entre la CD y el aumento en la incidencia de síndrome metabólico, enfermedades cardiovasculares, deterioro cognitivo, trastornos afectivos, alteraciones del sueño, algunos tipos de cáncer y envejecimiento acelerado. La CD puede ser el resultado de alteraciones en los distintos componentes del sistema circadiano (marcapasos central y osciladores periféricos, entradas al reloj, principalmente debidas a defectos de la visión, y salidas del marcapasos y osciladores). La exposición a diferentes sincronizadores (luz, actividad física y social, alimentación) de manera regular robustece el funcionamiento del sistema circadiano mediante la cronopotenciación, que puede atenuar la CD asociada al envejecimiento(AU)

Modern life leads to a more active nocturnal lifestyle, reduced sleep hours and sometimes abrupt shifts across time zones (such as jet lag and shift work) that generate chronodisruption (CD) which can result in premature ageing. CD is defined as a significant disturbance of the internal temporal order of biochemical, physiological and behavioural circadian rhythms. Epidemiological studies show that CD induced by shift work, chronic jet lag, social jet lag and excessive exposure of bright light at night is associated with an increased incidence of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, cognitive and affective impairment, sleep disorders, some cancers and premature ageing. CD may be the result of disturbances in different components of the circadian system (central pacemaker and peripheral oscillators, inputs to central clock, mainly due to visual deficiencies, and output signals from the pacemaker and oscillators). Exposure to different synchronizers (light, meal times, physical and social activities) with a regular pattern results in a chronoenhacement that can prevent age-related CD(AU)

[Chronodisruption and ageing]. / La cronodisrupción como causa de envejecimiento.

Modern life leads to a more active nocturnal lifestyle, reduced sleep hours and sometimes abrupt shifts across time zones (such as jet lag and shift work) that generate chronodisruption (CD) which can result in premature ageing. CD is defined as a significant disturbance of the internal temporal order of biochemical, physiological and behavioural circadian rhythms. Epidemiological studies show that CD induced by shift work, chronic jet lag, social jet lag and excessive exposure of bright light at night is associated with an increased incidence of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, cognitive and affective impairment, sleep disorders, some cancers and premature ageing. CD may be the result of disturbances in different components of the circadian system (central pacemaker and peripheral oscillators, inputs to central clock, mainly due to visual deficiencies, and output signals from the pacemaker and oscillators). Exposure to different synchronizers (light, meal times, physical and social activities) with a regular pattern results in a chronoenhacement that can prevent age-related CD.