RESUMO
A study was conducted on a cohort of 476 women (364 black, 112 white), who attended the Jefferson County Health Department clinic for their prenatal care, to ascertain the relationship between maternal serum zinc concentration measured early in pregnancy and birth weight. For all subjects maternal serum zinc was significantly related to birth weight after various independent determinants of birth weight were controlled for. The data in this study indicate a threshold for maternal serum zinc concentration below which the prevalence of low birth weight increases significantly. Pregnant women who had serum zinc concentrations in the lowest quartile had significantly higher prevalence of low birth weight than did those mothers who had serum zinc concentrations in the upper three quartiles during pregnancy. These findings suggest that maternal serum zinc concentration measured early in pregnancy could be used to identify those women at higher risk of giving birth to a low-birth-weight infant.
Assuntos
Peso ao Nascer , Gravidez/sangue , Zinco/sangue , Adulto , Negro ou Afro-Americano , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Recém-Nascido , Avaliação Nutricional , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos , População Branca , Zinco/fisiologiaAssuntos
Dietética , Adulto , Idoso , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Fibras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sódio na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
A study was undertaken to determine: the qualifications necessary to function on a nutrition support team as perceived by clinical dietitians working in this capacity, the actual role of the clinical dietitian on a nutrition support team, the ideal role of the clinical dietitian on a nutrition support team, and the extent to which clinical dietitians perceive differences between the ideal role expectation and actual performance. A questionnaire was developed and sent to a random sample of 300 clinical dietitians listed as members of a nutrition support service. The respondents indicated that the clinical dietitian should have at least a B.S., R.D., and 2 years' prior work experience before assuming responsibility on a nutrition support team. The dietitians indicated that they consistently take and evaluate diet histories and assess energy and protein needs. Moreover, they viewed these tasks as appropriate. They rarely administer or interpret antigen skin tests and do not perceive this as a function of the dietitian. For all other tasks, dietitians indicated that they should perform the duty or responsibility more often. Over half reported that they did not have adequate educational preparation to assume all of the responsibilities of the clinical dietitian on a nutrition support team.
